Merge pull request #150 from esengine/issue-149-编辑器支持设置字体大小

支持字体设置大小

.editorconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# EditorConfig is awesome: https://EditorConfig.org
+
+# top-most EditorConfig file
+root = true
+
+# 所有文件的默认设置
+[*]
+charset = utf-8
+end_of_line = lf
+insert_final_newline = true
+trim_trailing_whitespace = true
+
+# TypeScript/JavaScript 文件
+[*.{ts,tsx,js,jsx,mjs,cjs}]
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 4
+
+# JSON 文件
+[*.json]
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 2
+
+# YAML 文件
+[*.{yml,yaml}]
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 2
+
+# Markdown 文件
+[*.md]
+trim_trailing_whitespace = false
+indent_size = 2
+
+# 包管理文件
+[{package.json,package-lock.json,tsconfig.json}]
+indent_size = 2

.eslintrc.json

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+{
+  "root": true,
+  "parser": "@typescript-eslint/parser",
+  "parserOptions": {
+    "ecmaVersion": 2020,
+    "sourceType": "module",
+    "project": "./tsconfig.json"
+  },
+  "plugins": [
+    "@typescript-eslint"
+  ],
+  "extends": [
+    "eslint:recommended",
+    "plugin:@typescript-eslint/recommended"
+  ],
+  "rules": {
+    "semi": ["error", "always"],
+    "quotes": ["error", "single", { "avoidEscape": true }],
+    "indent": ["error", 4, { "SwitchCase": 1 }],
+    "no-trailing-spaces": "error",
+    "eol-last": ["error", "always"],
+    "comma-dangle": ["error", "none"],
+    "object-curly-spacing": ["error", "always"],
+    "array-bracket-spacing": ["error", "never"],
+    "arrow-parens": ["error", "always"],
+    "no-multiple-empty-lines": ["error", { "max": 2, "maxEOF": 1 }],
+    "no-console": "off",
+    "@typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any": "off",
+    "@typescript-eslint/explicit-module-boundary-types": "off",
+    "@typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars": ["warn", { "argsIgnorePattern": "^_" }],
+    "@typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion": "off"
+  },
+  "ignorePatterns": [
+    "node_modules/",
+    "dist/",
+    "bin/",
+    "build/",
+    "coverage/",
+    "thirdparty/",
+    "examples/lawn-mower-demo/",
+    "extensions/",
+    "*.min.js",
+    "*.d.ts"
+  ]
+}

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# 自动检测文本文件并规范化换行符
+* text=auto
+
+# 源代码文件强制使用 LF
+*.ts text eol=lf
+*.tsx text eol=lf
+*.js text eol=lf
+*.jsx text eol=lf
+*.mjs text eol=lf
+*.cjs text eol=lf
+*.json text eol=lf
+*.md text eol=lf
+*.yml text eol=lf
+*.yaml text eol=lf
+
+# 配置文件强制使用 LF
+.gitignore text eol=lf
+.gitattributes text eol=lf
+.editorconfig text eol=lf
+.prettierrc text eol=lf
+.prettierignore text eol=lf
+.eslintrc.json text eol=lf
+tsconfig.json text eol=lf
+
+# Shell 脚本强制使用 LF
+*.sh text eol=lf
+
+# Windows 批处理文件使用 CRLF
+*.bat text eol=crlf
+*.cmd text eol=crlf
+*.ps1 text eol=crlf
+
+# 二进制文件不转换
+*.png binary
+*.jpg binary
+*.jpeg binary
+*.gif binary
+*.ico binary
+*.svg binary
+*.woff binary
+*.woff2 binary
+*.ttf binary
+*.eot binary
+*.otf binary

.github/workflows/release-editor.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+name: Release Editor App
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - 'editor-v*'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      version:
+        description: 'Release version (e.g., 1.0.0)'
+        required: true
+        default: '1.0.0'
+
+jobs:
+  build-tauri:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - platform: windows-latest
+            target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
+            arch: x64
+          - platform: macos-latest
+            target: x86_64-apple-darwin
+            arch: x64
+          - platform: macos-latest
+            target: aarch64-apple-darwin
+            arch: arm64
+
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Setup Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: '20.x'
+          cache: 'npm'
+
+      - name: Install Rust stable
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+        with:
+          targets: ${{ matrix.target }}
+
+      - name: Rust cache
+        uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          workspaces: packages/editor-app/src-tauri
+          cache-on-failure: true
+
+      - name: Install dependencies (Ubuntu)
+        if: matrix.platform == 'ubuntu-latest'
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y libgtk-3-dev libwebkit2gtk-4.0-dev libappindicator3-dev librsvg2-dev patchelf
+
+      - name: Install frontend dependencies
+        run: npm ci
+
+      - name: Update version in config files (for manual trigger)
+        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: |
+          cd packages/editor-app
+          # 临时更新版本号用于构建（不提交到仓库）
+          npm version ${{ github.event.inputs.version }} --no-git-tag-version
+          node scripts/sync-version.js
+
+      - name: Cache TypeScript build
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            packages/core/bin
+            packages/editor-core/dist
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-ts-build-${{ hashFiles('packages/core/src/**', 'packages/editor-core/src/**') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-ts-build-
+
+      - name: Build core package
+        run: npm run build:core
+
+      - name: Build editor-core package
+        run: |
+          cd packages/editor-core
+          npm run build
+
+      - name: Build Tauri app
+        uses: tauri-apps/tauri-action@v0.5
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY: ${{ secrets.TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD }}
+        with:
+          projectPath: packages/editor-app
+          tagName: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && format('editor-v{0}', github.event.inputs.version) || github.ref_name }}
+          releaseName: 'ECS Editor v${{ github.event.inputs.version || github.ref_name }}'
+          releaseBody: 'See the assets to download this version and install.'
+          releaseDraft: false
+          prerelease: false
+          includeUpdaterJson: true
+          updaterJsonKeepUniversal: false
+          args: ${{ matrix.platform == 'macos-latest' && format('--target {0}', matrix.target) || '' }}
+
+  # 构建成功后，创建 PR 更新版本号
+  update-version-pr:
+    needs: build-tauri
+    if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && success()
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Setup Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: '20.x'
+
+      - name: Update version files
+        run: |
+          cd packages/editor-app
+          npm version ${{ github.event.inputs.version }} --no-git-tag-version
+          node scripts/sync-version.js
+
+      - name: Create Pull Request
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v6
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          commit-message: "chore(editor): bump version to ${{ github.event.inputs.version }}"
+          branch: release/editor-v${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
+          delete-branch: true
+          title: "chore(editor): Release v${{ github.event.inputs.version }}"
+          body: |
+            ## 🚀 Release v${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
+
+            This PR updates the editor version after successful release build.
+
+            ### Changes
+            - ✅ Updated `packages/editor-app/package.json` → `${{ github.event.inputs.version }}`
+            - ✅ Updated `packages/editor-app/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json` → `${{ github.event.inputs.version }}`
+
+            ### Release
+            - 📦 [GitHub Release](https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/tag/editor-v${{ github.event.inputs.version }})
+
+            ---
+            *This PR was automatically created by the release workflow.*
+          labels: |
+            release
+            editor
+            automated pr

.gitignore

@@ -69,3 +69,12 @@ docs/.vitepress/dist/
 /demo/.idea/
 /demo/.vscode/
 /demo_wxgame/
+
+# Tauri 构建产物
+**/src-tauri/target/
+**/src-tauri/WixTools/
+**/src-tauri/gen/
+
+# Tauri 捆绑输出
+**/src-tauri/target/release/bundle/
+**/src-tauri/target/debug/bundle/

.prettierignore

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# 依赖和构建输出
+node_modules/
+dist/
+bin/
+build/
+coverage/
+*.min.js
+*.min.css
+
+# 编译输出
+**/*.d.ts
+tsconfig.tsbuildinfo
+
+# 日志
+*.log
+npm-debug.log*
+yarn-debug.log*
+yarn-error.log*
+pnpm-debug.log*
+
+# 第三方库
+thirdparty/
+examples/lawn-mower-demo/
+extensions/
+
+# 文档生成
+docs/.vitepress/cache/
+docs/.vitepress/dist/
+docs/api/
+
+# 临时文件
+*.tmp
+*.bak
+*.swp
+*~
+
+# 系统文件
+.DS_Store
+Thumbs.db
+
+# 编辑器
+.vscode/
+.idea/
+
+# 其他
+*.backup
+CHANGELOG.md
+LICENSE
+README.md

.prettierrc

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+{
+  "semi": true,
+  "singleQuote": true,
+  "tabWidth": 4,
+  "useTabs": false,
+  "trailingComma": "none",
+  "printWidth": 120,
+  "arrowParens": "always",
+  "endOfLine": "lf",
+  "bracketSpacing": true,
+  "quoteProps": "as-needed",
+  "jsxSingleQuote": false,
+  "proseWrap": "preserve"
+}

README.md

@@ -95,11 +95,47 @@ function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
 
 支持主流游戏引擎和 Web 平台：
 
-- **Cocos Creator** - 内置引擎集成支持，提供[专用调试插件](https://store.cocos.com/app/detail/7823)
-- **Laya 引擎** - 完整的生命周期管理
+- **Cocos Creator**
+- **Laya 引擎**
 - **原生 Web** - 浏览器环境直接运行
 - **小游戏平台** - 微信、支付宝等小游戏
 
+## ECS Framework Editor
+
+跨平台桌面编辑器，提供可视化开发和调试工具。
+
+### 主要功能
+
+- **场景管理** - 可视化场景层级和实体管理
+- **组件检视** - 实时查看和编辑实体组件
+- **性能分析** - 内置 Profiler 监控系统性能
+- **插件系统** - 可扩展的插件架构
+- **远程调试** - 连接运行中的游戏进行实时调试
+- **自动更新** - 支持热更新，自动获取最新版本
+
+### 下载
+
+[![Latest Release](https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/esengine/ecs-framework?label=下载最新版本&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/esengine/ecs-framework/releases/latest)
+
+支持 Windows、macOS (Intel & Apple Silicon)
+
+### 截图
+
+<img src="screenshots/main_screetshot.png" alt="ECS Framework Editor" width="800">
+
+<details>
+<summary>查看更多截图</summary>
+
+**性能分析器**
+<img src="screenshots/performance_profiler.png" alt="Performance Profiler" width="600">
+
+**插件管理**
+<img src="screenshots/plugin_manager.png" alt="Plugin Manager" width="600">
+
+**设置界面**
+<img src="screenshots/settings.png" alt="Settings" width="600">
+
+</details>
 
 ## 示例项目
 

docs/.vitepress/config.mjs

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
           items: [
             { text: '实体类 (Entity)', link: '/guide/entity' },
             { text: '组件系统 (Component)', link: '/guide/component' },
+            { text: '实体查询系统', link: '/guide/entity-query' },
             {
               text: '系统架构 (System)',
               link: '/guide/system',
@@ -73,12 +74,28 @@ export default defineConfig({
                 { text: 'Worker系统 (多线程)', link: '/guide/worker-system' }
               ]
             },
-            { text: '场景管理 (Scene)', link: '/guide/scene' },
+            {
+              text: '场景管理 (Scene)',
+              link: '/guide/scene',
+              items: [
+                { text: 'SceneManager', link: '/guide/scene-manager' },
+                { text: 'WorldManager', link: '/guide/world-manager' }
+              ]
+            },
+            { text: '序列化系统 (Serialization)', link: '/guide/serialization' },
             { text: '事件系统 (Event)', link: '/guide/event-system' },
             { text: '时间和定时器 (Time)', link: '/guide/time-and-timers' },
             { text: '日志系统 (Logger)', link: '/guide/logging' }
           ]
         },
+        {
+          text: '高级特性',
+          collapsed: false,
+          items: [
+            { text: '服务容器 (Service Container)', link: '/guide/service-container' },
+            { text: '插件系统 (Plugin System)', link: '/guide/plugin-system' }
+          ]
+        },
         {
           text: '平台适配器',
           link: '/guide/platform-adapter',

docs/guide/component.md

@@ -63,14 +63,14 @@ class Health extends Component {
 - 框架能正确管理组件注册
 
 ```typescript
-// ✅ 正确的用法
+// 正确的用法
 @ECSComponent('Velocity')
 class Velocity extends Component {
   dx: number = 0;
   dy: number = 0;
 }
 
-// ❌ 错误的用法 - 没有装饰器
+// 错误的用法 - 没有装饰器
 class BadComponent extends Component {
   // 这样定义的组件可能在生产环境出现问题
 }
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class ExampleComponent extends Component {
    * 用于初始化资源、建立引用等
    */
   onAddedToEntity(): void {
-    console.log(`组件 ${this.constructor.name} 被添加到实体 ${this.entity.name}`);
+    console.log(`组件 ${this.constructor.name} 已添加，实体ID: ${this.entityId}`);
     this.resource = new SomeResource();
   }
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ class ExampleComponent extends Component {
    * 用于清理资源、断开引用等
    */
   onRemovedFromEntity(): void {
-    console.log(`组件 ${this.constructor.name} 从实体 ${this.entity.name} 移除`);
+    console.log(`组件 ${this.constructor.name} 已移除`);
     if (this.resource) {
       this.resource.cleanup();
       this.resource = null;
@@ -108,30 +108,58 @@ class ExampleComponent extends Component {
 }
 ```
 
-## 访问实体
+## 组件与实体的关系
 
-组件可以通过 `this.entity` 访问其所属的实体：
+组件存储了所属实体的ID (`entityId`)，而不是直接引用实体对象。这是ECS数据导向设计的体现，避免了循环引用。
+
+在实际使用中，**应该在 System 中处理实体和组件的交互**，而不是在组件内部：
 
 ```typescript
-@ECSComponent('Damage')
-class Damage extends Component {
-  damage: number;
+@ECSComponent('Health')
+class Health extends Component {
+  current: number;
+  max: number;
 
-  constructor(damage: number) {
+  constructor(max: number = 100) {
     super();
-    this.damage = damage;
+    this.max = max;
+    this.current = max;
   }
 
-  // 在组件方法中访问实体和其他组件
-  applyDamage(): void {
-    const health = this.entity.getComponent(Health);
-    if (health) {
-      health.takeDamage(this.damage);
+  isDead(): boolean {
+    return this.current <= 0;
+  }
+}
+
+@ECSComponent('Damage')
+class Damage extends Component {
+  value: number;
+
+  constructor(value: number) {
+    super();
+    this.value = value;
+  }
+}
+
+// 推荐：在 System 中处理逻辑
+class DamageSystem extends EntitySystem {
+  constructor() {
+    super(new Matcher().all(Health, Damage));
+  }
+
+  process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+    for (const entity of entities) {
+      const health = entity.getComponent(Health)!;
+      const damage = entity.getComponent(Damage)!;
+
+      health.current -= damage.value;
 
-      // 如果生命值为0，销毁实体
       if (health.isDead()) {
-        this.entity.destroy();
+        entity.destroy();
       }
+
+      // 应用伤害后移除 Damage 组件
+      entity.removeComponent(damage);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -146,9 +174,27 @@ class Damage extends Component {
 class ExampleComponent extends Component {
   someData: string = "example";
 
-  showComponentInfo(): void {
-    console.log(`组件ID: ${this.id}`);                    // 唯一的组件ID
-    console.log(`所属实体: ${this.entity.name}`);          // 所属实体引用
+  onAddedToEntity(): void {
+    console.log(`组件ID: ${this.id}`);           // 唯一的组件ID
+    console.log(`所属实体ID: ${this.entityId}`); // 所属实体的ID
+  }
+}
+```
+
+如果需要访问实体对象，应该在 System 中进行：
+
+```typescript
+class ExampleSystem extends EntitySystem {
+  constructor() {
+    super(new Matcher().all(ExampleComponent));
+  }
+
+  process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+    for (const entity of entities) {
+      const comp = entity.getComponent(ExampleComponent)!;
+      console.log(`实体名称: ${entity.name}`);
+      console.log(`组件数据: ${comp.someData}`);
+    }
   }
 }
 ```
@@ -245,7 +291,7 @@ class WeaponConfig extends Component {
 ### 1. 保持组件简单
 
 ```typescript
-// ✅ 好的组件设计 - 单一职责
+// 好的组件设计 - 单一职责
 @ECSComponent('Position')
 class Position extends Component {
   x: number = 0;
@@ -258,7 +304,7 @@ class Velocity extends Component {
   dy: number = 0;
 }
 
-// ❌ 避免的组件设计 - 职责过多
+// 避免的组件设计 - 职责过多
 @ECSComponent('GameObject')
 class GameObject extends Component {
   x: number;
@@ -330,16 +376,11 @@ class Inventory extends Component {
 }
 ```
 
-### 4. 避免在组件中存储实体引用
+### 4. 引用其他实体
+
+当组件需要关联其他实体时（如父子关系、跟随目标等），**推荐方式是存储实体ID**，然后在 System 中查找：
 
 ```typescript
-// ❌ 避免：在组件中存储其他实体的引用
-@ECSComponent('BadFollower')
-class BadFollower extends Component {
-  target: Entity; // 直接引用可能导致内存泄漏
-}
-
-// ✅ 推荐：存储实体ID，通过场景查找
 @ECSComponent('Follower')
 class Follower extends Component {
   targetId: number;
@@ -349,11 +390,269 @@ class Follower extends Component {
     super();
     this.targetId = targetId;
   }
+}
 
-  getTarget(): Entity | null {
-    return this.entity.scene?.findEntityById(this.targetId) || null;
+// 在 System 中查找目标实体并处理逻辑
+class FollowerSystem extends EntitySystem {
+  constructor() {
+    super(new Matcher().all(Follower, Position));
+  }
+
+  process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+    for (const entity of entities) {
+      const follower = entity.getComponent(Follower)!;
+      const position = entity.getComponent(Position)!;
+
+      // 通过场景查找目标实体
+      const target = entity.scene?.findEntityById(follower.targetId);
+      if (target) {
+        const targetPos = target.getComponent(Position);
+        if (targetPos) {
+          // 跟随逻辑
+          const dx = targetPos.x - position.x;
+          const dy = targetPos.y - position.y;
+          const distance = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
+
+          if (distance > follower.followDistance) {
+            // 移动靠近目标
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
   }
 }
 ```
 
+这种方式的优势：
+- 组件保持简单，只存储基本数据类型
+- 符合数据导向设计
+- 在 System 中统一处理查找和逻辑
+- 易于理解和维护
+
+**避免在组件中直接存储实体引用**：
+
+```typescript
+// 错误示范：直接存储实体引用
+@ECSComponent('BadFollower')
+class BadFollower extends Component {
+  target: Entity; // 实体销毁后仍持有引用，可能导致内存泄漏
+}
+```
+
+## 高级特性
+
+### EntityRef 装饰器 - 自动引用追踪
+
+框架提供了 `@EntityRef` 装饰器用于**特殊场景**下安全地存储实体引用。这是一个高级特性,一般情况下推荐使用存储ID的方式。
+
+#### 什么时候需要 EntityRef？
+
+在以下场景中,`@EntityRef` 可以简化代码:
+
+1. **父子关系**: 需要在组件中直接访问父实体或子实体
+2. **复杂关联**: 实体之间有多个引用关系
+3. **频繁访问**: 需要在多处访问引用的实体,使用ID查找会有性能开销
+
+#### 核心特性
+
+`@EntityRef` 装饰器通过 **ReferenceTracker** 自动追踪引用关系:
+
+- 当被引用的实体销毁时,所有指向它的 `@EntityRef` 属性自动设为 `null`
+- 防止跨场景引用(会输出警告并拒绝设置)
+- 防止引用已销毁的实体(会输出警告并设为 `null`)
+- 使用 WeakRef 避免内存泄漏(自动GC支持)
+- 组件移除时自动清理引用注册
+
+#### 基本用法
+
+```typescript
+import { Component, ECSComponent, EntityRef, Entity } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+@ECSComponent('Parent')
+class ParentComponent extends Component {
+  @EntityRef()
+  parent: Entity | null = null;
+}
+
+// 使用示例
+const scene = new Scene();
+const parent = scene.createEntity('Parent');
+const child = scene.createEntity('Child');
+
+const comp = child.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+comp.parent = parent;
+
+console.log(comp.parent); // Entity { name: 'Parent' }
+
+// 当 parent 被销毁时，comp.parent 自动变为 null
+parent.destroy();
+console.log(comp.parent); // null
+```
+
+#### 多个引用属性
+
+一个组件可以有多个 `@EntityRef` 属性:
+
+```typescript
+@ECSComponent('Combat')
+class CombatComponent extends Component {
+  @EntityRef()
+  target: Entity | null = null;
+
+  @EntityRef()
+  ally: Entity | null = null;
+
+  @EntityRef()
+  lastAttacker: Entity | null = null;
+}
+
+// 使用示例
+const player = scene.createEntity('Player');
+const enemy = scene.createEntity('Enemy');
+const npc = scene.createEntity('NPC');
+
+const combat = player.addComponent(new CombatComponent());
+combat.target = enemy;
+combat.ally = npc;
+
+// enemy 销毁后，只有 target 变为 null，ally 仍然有效
+enemy.destroy();
+console.log(combat.target); // null
+console.log(combat.ally);   // Entity { name: 'NPC' }
+```
+
+#### 安全检查
+
+`@EntityRef` 提供了多重安全检查:
+
+```typescript
+const scene1 = new Scene();
+const scene2 = new Scene();
+
+const entity1 = scene1.createEntity('Entity1');
+const entity2 = scene2.createEntity('Entity2');
+
+const comp = entity1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+// 跨场景引用会失败
+comp.parent = entity2; // 输出错误日志，comp.parent 为 null
+console.log(comp.parent); // null
+
+// 引用已销毁的实体会失败
+const entity3 = scene1.createEntity('Entity3');
+entity3.destroy();
+comp.parent = entity3; // 输出警告日志，comp.parent 为 null
+console.log(comp.parent); // null
+```
+
+#### 实现原理
+
+`@EntityRef` 使用以下机制实现自动引用追踪:
+
+1. **ReferenceTracker**: Scene 持有一个引用追踪器,记录所有实体引用关系
+2. **WeakRef**: 使用弱引用存储组件,避免循环引用导致内存泄漏
+3. **属性拦截**: 通过 `Object.defineProperty` 拦截 getter/setter
+4. **自动清理**: 实体销毁时,ReferenceTracker 遍历所有引用并设为 null
+
+```typescript
+// 简化的实现原理
+class ReferenceTracker {
+  // entityId -> 引用该实体的所有组件记录
+  private _references: Map<number, Set<{ component: WeakRef<Component>, propertyKey: string }>>;
+
+  // 实体销毁时调用
+  clearReferencesTo(entityId: number): void {
+    const records = this._references.get(entityId);
+    if (records) {
+      for (const record of records) {
+        const component = record.component.deref();
+        if (component) {
+          // 将组件的引用属性设为 null
+          (component as any)[record.propertyKey] = null;
+        }
+      }
+      this._references.delete(entityId);
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+#### 性能考虑
+
+`@EntityRef` 会带来一些性能开销:
+
+- **写入开销**: 每次设置引用时需要更新 ReferenceTracker
+- **内存开销**: ReferenceTracker 需要维护引用映射表
+- **销毁开销**: 实体销毁时需要遍历所有引用并清理
+
+对于大多数场景,这些开销是可以接受的。但如果有**大量实体和频繁的引用变更**,存储ID可能更高效。
+
+#### 最佳实践
+
+```typescript
+// 推荐：适合使用 @EntityRef 的场景 - 父子关系
+@ECSComponent('Transform')
+class Transform extends Component {
+  @EntityRef()
+  parent: Entity | null = null;
+
+  position: { x: number, y: number } = { x: 0, y: 0 };
+
+  // 可以直接访问父实体的组件
+  getWorldPosition(): { x: number, y: number } {
+    if (!this.parent) {
+      return { ...this.position };
+    }
+
+    const parentTransform = this.parent.getComponent(Transform);
+    if (parentTransform) {
+      const parentPos = parentTransform.getWorldPosition();
+      return {
+        x: parentPos.x + this.position.x,
+        y: parentPos.y + this.position.y
+      };
+    }
+
+    return { ...this.position };
+  }
+}
+
+// 不推荐：不适合使用 @EntityRef 的场景 - 大量动态目标
+@ECSComponent('AITarget')
+class AITarget extends Component {
+  @EntityRef()
+  target: Entity | null = null; // 如果目标频繁变化，用ID更好
+
+  updateCooldown: number = 0;
+}
+
+// 推荐：这种场景用ID更好
+@ECSComponent('AITarget')
+class AITargetBetter extends Component {
+  targetId: number | null = null; // 存储ID
+  updateCooldown: number = 0;
+}
+```
+
+#### 调试支持
+
+ReferenceTracker 提供了调试接口:
+
+```typescript
+// 查看某个实体被哪些组件引用
+const references = scene.referenceTracker.getReferencesTo(entity.id);
+console.log(`实体 ${entity.name} 被 ${references.length} 个组件引用`);
+
+// 获取完整的调试信息
+const debugInfo = scene.referenceTracker.getDebugInfo();
+console.log(debugInfo);
+```
+
+#### 总结
+
+- **推荐做法**: 大部分情况使用存储ID + System查找的方式
+- **EntityRef 适用场景**: 父子关系、复杂关联、组件内需要直接访问引用实体的场景
+- **核心优势**: 自动清理、防止悬空引用、代码更简洁
+- **注意事项**: 有性能开销,不适合大量动态引用的场景
+
 组件是 ECS 架构的数据载体，正确设计组件能让你的游戏代码更模块化、可维护和高性能。

docs/guide/entity-query.md

@@ -0,0 +1,501 @@
+# 实体查询系统
+
+实体查询是 ECS 架构的核心功能之一。本指南将介绍如何使用 Matcher 和 QuerySystem 来查询和筛选实体。
+
+## 核心概念
+
+### Matcher - 查询条件描述符
+
+Matcher 是一个链式 API,用于描述实体查询条件。它本身不执行查询,而是作为条件传递给 EntitySystem 或 QuerySystem。
+
+### QuerySystem - 查询执行引擎
+
+QuerySystem 负责实际执行查询,内部使用响应式查询机制自动优化性能。
+
+## 在 EntitySystem 中使用 Matcher
+
+这是最常见的使用方式。EntitySystem 通过 Matcher 自动筛选和处理符合条件的实体。
+
+### 基础用法
+
+```typescript
+import { EntitySystem, Matcher, Entity, Component } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+class PositionComponent extends Component {
+    public x: number = 0;
+    public y: number = 0;
+}
+
+class VelocityComponent extends Component {
+    public vx: number = 0;
+    public vy: number = 0;
+}
+
+class MovementSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        // 方式1: 使用 Matcher.empty().all()
+        super(Matcher.empty().all(PositionComponent, VelocityComponent));
+
+        // 方式2: 直接使用 Matcher.all() (等价)
+        // super(Matcher.all(PositionComponent, VelocityComponent));
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            const pos = entity.getComponent(PositionComponent)!;
+            const vel = entity.getComponent(VelocityComponent)!;
+
+            pos.x += vel.vx;
+            pos.y += vel.vy;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// 添加到场景
+scene.addEntityProcessor(new MovementSystem());
+```
+
+### Matcher 链式 API
+
+#### all() - 必须包含所有组件
+
+```typescript
+class HealthSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        // 实体必须同时拥有 Health 和 Position 组件
+        super(Matcher.empty().all(HealthComponent, PositionComponent));
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 只处理同时拥有两个组件的实体
+    }
+}
+```
+
+#### any() - 至少包含一个组件
+
+```typescript
+class DamageableSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        // 实体至少拥有 Health 或 Shield 其中之一
+        super(Matcher.any(HealthComponent, ShieldComponent));
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 处理拥有生命值或护盾的实体
+    }
+}
+```
+
+#### none() - 不能包含指定组件
+
+```typescript
+class AliveEntitySystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        // 实体不能拥有 DeadTag 组件
+        super(Matcher.all(HealthComponent).none(DeadTag));
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 只处理活着的实体
+    }
+}
+```
+
+#### 组合条件
+
+```typescript
+class CombatSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(
+            Matcher.empty()
+                .all(PositionComponent, HealthComponent)  // 必须有位置和生命
+                .any(WeaponComponent, MagicComponent)      // 至少有武器或魔法
+                .none(DeadTag, FrozenTag)                  // 不能是死亡或冰冻状态
+        );
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 处理可以战斗的活着的实体
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 按标签查询
+
+```typescript
+class PlayerSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        // 查询特定标签的实体
+        super(Matcher.empty().withTag(Tags.PLAYER));
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 只处理玩家实体
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 按名称查询
+
+```typescript
+class BossSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        // 查询特定名称的实体
+        super(Matcher.empty().withName('Boss'));
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 只处理名为 'Boss' 的实体
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## 直接使用 QuerySystem
+
+如果不需要创建系统,可以直接使用 Scene 的 querySystem 进行查询。
+
+### 基础查询方法
+
+```typescript
+// 获取场景的查询系统
+const querySystem = scene.querySystem;
+
+// 查询拥有所有指定组件的实体
+const result1 = querySystem.queryAll(PositionComponent, VelocityComponent);
+console.log(`找到 ${result1.count} 个移动实体`);
+console.log(`查询耗时: ${result1.executionTime.toFixed(2)}ms`);
+
+// 查询拥有任意指定组件的实体
+const result2 = querySystem.queryAny(WeaponComponent, MagicComponent);
+console.log(`找到 ${result2.count} 个战斗单位`);
+
+// 查询不包含指定组件的实体
+const result3 = querySystem.queryNone(DeadTag);
+console.log(`找到 ${result3.count} 个活着的实体`);
+```
+
+### 按标签查询
+
+```typescript
+const playerResult = querySystem.queryByTag(Tags.PLAYER);
+for (const player of playerResult.entities) {
+    console.log('玩家:', player.name);
+}
+```
+
+### 按名称查询
+
+```typescript
+const bossResult = querySystem.queryByName('Boss');
+if (bossResult.count > 0) {
+    const boss = bossResult.entities[0];
+    console.log('找到Boss:', boss);
+}
+```
+
+### 按单个组件查询
+
+```typescript
+const healthResult = querySystem.queryByComponent(HealthComponent);
+console.log(`有 ${healthResult.count} 个实体拥有生命值`);
+```
+
+## 性能优化
+
+### 自动缓存
+
+QuerySystem 内部使用响应式查询自动缓存结果,相同的查询条件会直接使用缓存:
+
+```typescript
+// 第一次查询,执行实际查询
+const result1 = querySystem.queryAll(PositionComponent);
+console.log('fromCache:', result1.fromCache); // false
+
+// 第二次相同查询,使用缓存
+const result2 = querySystem.queryAll(PositionComponent);
+console.log('fromCache:', result2.fromCache); // true
+```
+
+### 实体变化自动更新
+
+当实体添加/移除组件时,查询缓存会自动更新:
+
+```typescript
+// 查询拥有武器的实体
+const before = querySystem.queryAll(WeaponComponent);
+console.log('之前:', before.count); // 假设为 5
+
+// 给实体添加武器
+const enemy = scene.createEntity('Enemy');
+enemy.addComponent(new WeaponComponent());
+
+// 再次查询,自动包含新实体
+const after = querySystem.queryAll(WeaponComponent);
+console.log('之后:', after.count); // 现在是 6
+```
+
+### 查询性能统计
+
+```typescript
+const stats = querySystem.getStats();
+console.log('总查询次数:', stats.queryStats.totalQueries);
+console.log('缓存命中率:', stats.queryStats.cacheHitRate);
+console.log('缓存大小:', stats.cacheStats.size);
+```
+
+## 实际应用场景
+
+### 场景1: 物理系统
+
+```typescript
+class PhysicsSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(Matcher.empty().all(TransformComponent, RigidbodyComponent));
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            const transform = entity.getComponent(TransformComponent)!;
+            const rigidbody = entity.getComponent(RigidbodyComponent)!;
+
+            // 应用重力
+            rigidbody.velocity.y -= 9.8 * Time.deltaTime;
+
+            // 更新位置
+            transform.position.x += rigidbody.velocity.x * Time.deltaTime;
+            transform.position.y += rigidbody.velocity.y * Time.deltaTime;
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 场景2: 渲染系统
+
+```typescript
+class RenderSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(
+            Matcher.empty()
+                .all(TransformComponent, SpriteComponent)
+                .none(InvisibleTag)  // 排除不可见实体
+        );
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 按 z-order 排序
+        const sorted = entities.slice().sort((a, b) => {
+            const zA = a.getComponent(TransformComponent)!.z;
+            const zB = b.getComponent(TransformComponent)!.z;
+            return zA - zB;
+        });
+
+        // 渲染实体
+        for (const entity of sorted) {
+            const transform = entity.getComponent(TransformComponent)!;
+            const sprite = entity.getComponent(SpriteComponent)!;
+
+            renderer.drawSprite(sprite.texture, transform.position);
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 场景3: 碰撞检测
+
+```typescript
+class CollisionSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(Matcher.empty().all(TransformComponent, ColliderComponent));
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 简单的 O(n²) 碰撞检测
+        for (let i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+            for (let j = i + 1; j < entities.length; j++) {
+                this.checkCollision(entities[i], entities[j]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private checkCollision(a: Entity, b: Entity): void {
+        const transA = a.getComponent(TransformComponent)!;
+        const transB = b.getComponent(TransformComponent)!;
+        const colliderA = a.getComponent(ColliderComponent)!;
+        const colliderB = b.getComponent(ColliderComponent)!;
+
+        if (this.isOverlapping(transA, colliderA, transB, colliderB)) {
+            // 触发碰撞事件
+            scene.eventSystem.emit('collision', { entityA: a, entityB: b });
+        }
+    }
+
+    private isOverlapping(...args: any[]): boolean {
+        // 碰撞检测逻辑
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 场景4: 一次性查询
+
+```typescript
+// 在系统外部执行一次性查询
+class GameManager {
+    private scene: Scene;
+
+    public countEnemies(): number {
+        const result = this.scene.querySystem.queryByTag(Tags.ENEMY);
+        return result.count;
+    }
+
+    public findNearestEnemy(playerPos: Vector2): Entity | null {
+        const enemies = this.scene.querySystem.queryByTag(Tags.ENEMY);
+
+        let nearest: Entity | null = null;
+        let minDistance = Infinity;
+
+        for (const enemy of enemies.entities) {
+            const transform = enemy.getComponent(TransformComponent);
+            if (!transform) continue;
+
+            const distance = Vector2.distance(playerPos, transform.position);
+            if (distance < minDistance) {
+                minDistance = distance;
+                nearest = enemy;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return nearest;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## 最佳实践
+
+### 1. 优先使用 EntitySystem
+
+```typescript
+// 推荐: 使用 EntitySystem
+class GoodSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(Matcher.empty().all(HealthComponent));
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 自动获得符合条件的实体,每帧自动更新
+    }
+}
+
+// 不推荐: 在 update 中手动查询
+class BadSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(Matcher.empty());
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 每帧手动查询,浪费性能
+        const result = this.scene!.querySystem.queryAll(HealthComponent);
+        for (const entity of result.entities) {
+            // ...
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 2. 合理使用 none() 排除条件
+
+```typescript
+// 排除已死亡的敌人
+class EnemyAISystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(
+            Matcher.empty()
+                .all(EnemyTag, AIComponent)
+                .none(DeadTag)  // 不处理死亡的敌人
+        );
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 3. 使用标签优化查询
+
+```typescript
+// 不好: 查询所有实体再过滤
+const allEntities = scene.querySystem.getAllEntities();
+const players = allEntities.filter(e => e.hasComponent(PlayerTag));
+
+// 好: 直接按标签查询
+const players = scene.querySystem.queryByTag(Tags.PLAYER).entities;
+```
+
+### 4. 避免过于复杂的查询条件
+
+```typescript
+// 不推荐: 过于复杂
+super(
+    Matcher.empty()
+        .all(A, B, C, D)
+        .any(E, F, G)
+        .none(H, I, J)
+);
+
+// 推荐: 拆分成多个简单系统
+class SystemAB extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(Matcher.empty().all(A, B));
+    }
+}
+
+class SystemCD extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(Matcher.empty().all(C, D));
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## 注意事项
+
+### 1. 查询结果是只读的
+
+```typescript
+const result = querySystem.queryAll(PositionComponent);
+
+// 不要修改返回的数组
+result.entities.push(someEntity);  // 错误!
+
+// 如果需要修改,先复制
+const mutableArray = [...result.entities];
+mutableArray.push(someEntity);  // 正确
+```
+
+### 2. 组件添加/移除后的查询时机
+
+```typescript
+// 创建实体并添加组件
+const entity = scene.createEntity('Player');
+entity.addComponent(new PositionComponent());
+
+// 立即查询可能获取到新实体
+const result = scene.querySystem.queryAll(PositionComponent);
+// result.entities 包含新创建的实体
+```
+
+### 3. Matcher 是不可变的
+
+```typescript
+const matcher = Matcher.empty().all(PositionComponent);
+
+// 链式调用返回新的 Matcher 实例
+const matcher2 = matcher.any(VelocityComponent);
+
+// matcher 本身不变
+console.log(matcher === matcher2); // false
+```
+
+## 相关 API
+
+- [Matcher](../api/classes/Matcher.md) - 查询条件描述符 API 参考
+- [QuerySystem](../api/classes/QuerySystem.md) - 查询系统 API 参考
+- [EntitySystem](../api/classes/EntitySystem.md) - 实体系统 API 参考
+- [Entity](../api/classes/Entity.md) - 实体 API 参考

docs/guide/entity.md

@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ if (player.hasComponent(Position)) {
   console.log("玩家有位置组件");
 }
 
-// 获取所有组件实例（直接访问 components 属性）
-const allComponents = player.components;  // Component[]
+// 获取所有组件实例（只读属性）
+const allComponents = player.components;  // readonly Component[]
 
 // 获取指定类型的所有组件（支持同类型多组件）
 const allHealthComponents = player.getComponents(Health);  // Health[]

docs/guide/getting-started.md

@@ -264,22 +264,17 @@ player.addComponent(new Velocity(50, 30));  // 每秒移动 50 像素（x方向
 player.addComponent(new Sprite("player.png", 64, 64));
 ```
 
-## World 概念
+## 场景管理
 
-World 是 Scene 的容器，用于管理多个独立的游戏世界。这种设计特别适用于：
-- 多人游戏房间（每个房间一个 World）
-- 不同的游戏模式
-- 独立的模拟环境
-
-### 基本用法
+Core 内置了场景管理功能，使用非常简单：
 
 ```typescript
-import { World, Scene } from '@esengine/ecs-framework'
+import { Core, Scene } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
 
-// 创建游戏房间的World
-const roomWorld = new World({ name: 'Room_001' });
+// 初始化Core
+Core.create({ debug: true });
 
-// 在World中创建多个Scene
+// 创建并设置场景
 class GameScene extends Scene {
   initialize(): void {
     this.name = "GamePlay";
@@ -288,78 +283,106 @@ class GameScene extends Scene {
   }
 }
 
-class UIScene extends Scene {
-  initialize(): void {
-    this.name = "UI";
-    // UI相关系统
-  }
+const gameScene = new GameScene();
+Core.setScene(gameScene);
+
+// 游戏循环（自动更新场景）
+function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+  Core.update(deltaTime);  // 自动更新全局服务和场景
 }
 
-// 添加Scene到World
-const gameScene = roomWorld.createScene('game', new GameScene());
-const uiScene = roomWorld.createScene('ui', new UIScene());
+// 切换场景
+Core.loadScene(new MenuScene());  // 延迟切换（下一帧）
+Core.setScene(new GameScene());   // 立即切换
 
-// 激活Scene
-roomWorld.setSceneActive('game', true);
-roomWorld.setSceneActive('ui', true);
+// 访问当前场景
+const currentScene = Core.scene;
 
-// 启动World
-roomWorld.start();
+// 使用流式API
+const player = Core.ecsAPI?.createEntity('Player')
+  .addComponent(Position, 100, 100)
+  .addComponent(Velocity, 50, 0);
 ```
 
-### World 生命周期
+### 高级：使用 WorldManager 管理多世界
 
-World 提供了完整的生命周期管理：
-- `start()`: 启动 World 和所有全局系统
-- `updateGlobalSystems()`: 更新全局系统（由 Core.update() 调用）
-- `updateScenes()`: 更新所有激活的 Scene（由 Core.update() 调用）
-- `stop()`: 停止 World
-- `destroy()`: 销毁 World 和所有资源
+仅适用于复杂的服务器端应用（MMO游戏服务器、游戏房间系统等）：
+
+```typescript
+import { Core, WorldManager } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 初始化Core
+Core.create({ debug: true });
+
+// 从服务容器获取 WorldManager（Core 已自动创建并注册）
+const worldManager = Core.services.resolve(WorldManager);
+
+// 创建多个独立的游戏世界
+const room1 = worldManager.createWorld('room_001');
+const room2 = worldManager.createWorld('room_002');
+
+// 在每个世界中创建场景
+const gameScene1 = room1.createScene('game', new GameScene());
+const gameScene2 = room2.createScene('game', new GameScene());
+
+// 激活场景
+room1.setSceneActive('game', true);
+room2.setSceneActive('game', true);
+
+// 游戏循环（需要手动更新世界）
+function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+  Core.update(deltaTime);       // 更新全局服务
+  worldManager.updateAll();     // 手动更新所有世界
+}
+```
 
 ## 与游戏引擎集成
 
 ### Laya 引擎集成
 
 ```typescript
-import { Stage } from "laya/display/Stage"
-import { Stat } from "laya/utils/Stat"
-import { Laya } from "Laya"
+import { Stage } from "laya/display/Stage";
+import { Laya } from "Laya";
+import { Core } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
 
 // 初始化 Laya
 Laya.init(800, 600).then(() => {
   // 初始化 ECS
-  const core = Core.create(true)
-
-  // 设置场景...
+  Core.create(true);
+  Core.setScene(new GameScene());
 
   // 启动游戏循环
   Laya.timer.frameLoop(1, this, () => {
-    const deltaTime = Laya.timer.delta / 1000 // 转换为秒
-    Core.update(deltaTime)
-  })
-})
+    const deltaTime = Laya.timer.delta / 1000;
+    Core.update(deltaTime);  // 自动更新全局服务和场景
+  });
+});
 ```
 
 ### Cocos Creator 集成
 
 ```typescript
-import { Component, _decorator } from 'cc'
+import { Component, _decorator } from 'cc';
+import { Core } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
 
-const { ccclass } = _decorator
+const { ccclass } = _decorator;
 
 @ccclass('ECSGameManager')
 export class ECSGameManager extends Component {
-
   onLoad() {
     // 初始化 ECS
-    const core = Core.create(true)
-
-    // 设置场景...
+    Core.create(true);
+    Core.setScene(new GameScene());
   }
 
   update(deltaTime: number) {
-    // 更新 ECS
-    Core.update(deltaTime)
+    // 自动更新全局服务和场景
+    Core.update(deltaTime);
+  }
+
+  onDestroy() {
+    // 清理资源
+    Core.destroy();
   }
 }
 ```
@@ -378,7 +401,7 @@ export class ECSGameManager extends Component {
 
 确保：
 1. 系统已添加到场景：`this.addSystem(system)` （在 Scene 的 initialize 方法中）
-2. 场景已设置为当前场景：`Core.setScene(scene)`
+2. 场景已设置：`Core.setScene(scene)`
 3. 游戏循环在调用：`Core.update(deltaTime)`
 
 ### 如何调试 ECS 应用？

docs/guide/index.md

@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@
 ### [事件系统 (Event)](./event-system.md)
 掌握类型安全的事件系统，实现组件间通信和系统协作。
 
+### [序列化系统 (Serialization)](./serialization.md)
+掌握场景、实体和组件的序列化方案，支持全量序列化和增量序列化，实现游戏存档、网络同步等功能。
+
 ### [时间和定时器 (Time)](./time-and-timers.md)
 学习时间管理和定时器系统，实现游戏逻辑的精确时间控制。
 
@@ -26,4 +29,12 @@
 掌握分级日志系统，用于调试、监控和错误追踪。
 
 ### [平台适配器 (Platform Adapter)](./platform-adapter.md)
-了解如何为不同平台实现和注册平台适配器，支持浏览器、小游戏、Node.js等环境。
+了解如何为不同平台实现和注册平台适配器，支持浏览器、小游戏、Node.js等环境。
+
+## 高级特性
+
+### [服务容器 (Service Container)](./service-container.md)
+掌握依赖注入和服务管理，实现松耦合的架构设计。
+
+### [插件系统 (Plugin System)](./plugin-system.md)
+学习如何开发和使用插件，扩展框架功能，实现功能模块化。

docs/guide/plugin-system.md

@@ -0,0 +1,643 @@
+# 插件系统
+
+插件系统允许你以模块化的方式扩展 ECS Framework 的功能。通过插件，你可以封装特定功能（如网络同步、物理引擎、调试工具等），并在多个项目中复用。
+
+## 概述
+
+### 什么是插件
+
+插件是实现了 `IPlugin` 接口的类，可以在运行时动态安装到框架中。插件可以：
+
+- 注册自定义服务到服务容器
+- 添加系统到场景
+- 注册自定义组件
+- 扩展框架功能
+
+### 插件的优势
+
+- **模块化**: 将功能封装为独立模块，提高代码可维护性
+- **可复用**: 同一个插件可以在多个项目中使用
+- **解耦**: 核心框架与扩展功能分离
+- **热插拔**: 运行时动态安装和卸载插件
+
+## 快速开始
+
+### 创建第一个插件
+
+创建一个简单的调试插件：
+
+```typescript
+import { IPlugin, Core, ServiceContainer } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+class DebugPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'debug-plugin';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void {
+        console.log('Debug plugin installed');
+
+        // 可以在这里注册服务、添加系统等
+    }
+
+    uninstall(): void {
+        console.log('Debug plugin uninstalled');
+        // 清理资源
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 安装插件
+
+使用 `Core.installPlugin()` 安装插件：
+
+```typescript
+import { Core } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 初始化Core
+Core.create({ debug: true });
+
+// 安装插件
+await Core.installPlugin(new DebugPlugin());
+
+// 检查插件是否已安装
+if (Core.isPluginInstalled('debug-plugin')) {
+    console.log('Debug plugin is running');
+}
+```
+
+### 卸载插件
+
+```typescript
+// 卸载插件
+await Core.uninstallPlugin('debug-plugin');
+```
+
+### 获取插件实例
+
+```typescript
+// 获取已安装的插件
+const plugin = Core.getPlugin('debug-plugin');
+if (plugin) {
+    console.log(`Plugin version: ${plugin.version}`);
+}
+```
+
+## 插件开发
+
+### IPlugin 接口
+
+所有插件必须实现 `IPlugin` 接口：
+
+```typescript
+export interface IPlugin {
+    // 插件唯一名称
+    readonly name: string;
+
+    // 插件版本（建议遵循semver规范）
+    readonly version: string;
+
+    // 依赖的其他插件（可选）
+    readonly dependencies?: readonly string[];
+
+    // 安装插件时调用
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void | Promise<void>;
+
+    // 卸载插件时调用
+    uninstall(): void | Promise<void>;
+}
+```
+
+### 插件生命周期
+
+#### install 方法
+
+在插件安装时调用，用于初始化插件：
+
+```typescript
+class MyPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'my-plugin';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void {
+        // 1. 注册服务
+        services.registerSingleton(MyService);
+
+        // 2. 访问当前场景
+        const scene = core.scene;
+        if (scene) {
+            // 3. 添加系统
+            scene.addSystem(new MySystem());
+        }
+
+        // 4. 其他初始化逻辑
+        console.log('Plugin initialized');
+    }
+
+    uninstall(): void {
+        // 清理逻辑
+    }
+}
+```
+
+#### uninstall 方法
+
+在插件卸载时调用，用于清理资源：
+
+```typescript
+class MyPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'my-plugin';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+    private myService?: MyService;
+
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void {
+        this.myService = new MyService();
+        services.registerInstance(MyService, this.myService);
+    }
+
+    uninstall(): void {
+        // 清理服务
+        if (this.myService) {
+            this.myService.dispose();
+            this.myService = undefined;
+        }
+
+        // 移除事件监听器
+        // 释放其他资源
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 异步插件
+
+插件的 `install` 和 `uninstall` 方法都支持异步：
+
+```typescript
+class AsyncPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'async-plugin';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+
+    async install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): Promise<void> {
+        // 异步加载资源
+        const config = await fetch('/plugin-config.json').then(r => r.json());
+
+        // 使用加载的配置初始化服务
+        const service = new MyService(config);
+        services.registerInstance(MyService, service);
+    }
+
+    async uninstall(): Promise<void> {
+        // 异步清理
+        await this.saveState();
+    }
+
+    private async saveState() {
+        // 保存插件状态
+    }
+}
+
+// 使用
+await Core.installPlugin(new AsyncPlugin());
+```
+
+### 注册服务
+
+插件可以向服务容器注册自己的服务：
+
+```typescript
+import { IService } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+class NetworkService implements IService {
+    connect(url: string) {
+        console.log(`Connecting to ${url}`);
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        console.log('Network service disposed');
+    }
+}
+
+class NetworkPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'network-plugin';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void {
+        // 注册网络服务
+        services.registerSingleton(NetworkService);
+
+        // 解析并使用服务
+        const network = services.resolve(NetworkService);
+        network.connect('ws://localhost:8080');
+    }
+
+    uninstall(): void {
+        // 服务容器会自动调用服务的dispose方法
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 添加系统
+
+插件可以向场景添加自定义系统：
+
+```typescript
+import { EntitySystem, Matcher } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+class PhysicsSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(Matcher.empty().all(PhysicsBody));
+    }
+
+    protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 物理模拟逻辑
+    }
+}
+
+class PhysicsPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'physics-plugin';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+    private physicsSystem?: PhysicsSystem;
+
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void {
+        const scene = core.scene;
+        if (scene) {
+            this.physicsSystem = new PhysicsSystem();
+            scene.addSystem(this.physicsSystem);
+        }
+    }
+
+    uninstall(): void {
+        // 移除系统
+        if (this.physicsSystem) {
+            const scene = Core.scene;
+            if (scene) {
+                scene.removeSystem(this.physicsSystem);
+            }
+            this.physicsSystem = undefined;
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## 依赖管理
+
+### 声明依赖
+
+插件可以声明对其他插件的依赖：
+
+```typescript
+class AdvancedPhysicsPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'advanced-physics';
+    readonly version = '2.0.0';
+
+    // 声明依赖基础物理插件
+    readonly dependencies = ['physics-plugin'] as const;
+
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void {
+        // 可以安全地使用physics-plugin提供的服务
+        const physicsService = services.resolve(PhysicsService);
+        // ...
+    }
+
+    uninstall(): void {
+        // 清理
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 依赖检查
+
+框架会自动检查依赖关系，如果依赖未满足会抛出错误：
+
+```typescript
+// 错误：physics-plugin 未安装
+try {
+    await Core.installPlugin(new AdvancedPhysicsPlugin());
+} catch (error) {
+    console.error(error); // Plugin advanced-physics has unmet dependencies: physics-plugin
+}
+
+// 正确：先安装依赖
+await Core.installPlugin(new PhysicsPlugin());
+await Core.installPlugin(new AdvancedPhysicsPlugin());
+```
+
+### 卸载顺序
+
+框架会检查依赖关系，防止卸载被其他插件依赖的插件：
+
+```typescript
+await Core.installPlugin(new PhysicsPlugin());
+await Core.installPlugin(new AdvancedPhysicsPlugin());
+
+// 错误：physics-plugin 被 advanced-physics 依赖
+try {
+    await Core.uninstallPlugin('physics-plugin');
+} catch (error) {
+    console.error(error); // Cannot uninstall plugin physics-plugin: it is required by advanced-physics
+}
+
+// 正确：先卸载依赖它的插件
+await Core.uninstallPlugin('advanced-physics');
+await Core.uninstallPlugin('physics-plugin');
+```
+
+## 插件管理
+
+### 通过 Core 管理
+
+Core 类提供了便捷的插件管理方法：
+
+```typescript
+// 安装插件
+await Core.installPlugin(myPlugin);
+
+// 卸载插件
+await Core.uninstallPlugin('plugin-name');
+
+// 检查插件是否已安装
+if (Core.isPluginInstalled('plugin-name')) {
+    // ...
+}
+
+// 获取插件实例
+const plugin = Core.getPlugin('plugin-name');
+```
+
+### 通过 PluginManager 管理
+
+也可以直接使用 PluginManager 服务：
+
+```typescript
+const pluginManager = Core.services.resolve(PluginManager);
+
+// 获取所有插件
+const allPlugins = pluginManager.getAllPlugins();
+console.log(`Total plugins: ${allPlugins.length}`);
+
+// 获取插件元数据
+const metadata = pluginManager.getMetadata('my-plugin');
+if (metadata) {
+    console.log(`State: ${metadata.state}`);
+    console.log(`Installed at: ${new Date(metadata.installedAt!)}`);
+}
+
+// 获取所有插件元数据
+const allMetadata = pluginManager.getAllMetadata();
+for (const meta of allMetadata) {
+    console.log(`${meta.name} v${meta.version} - ${meta.state}`);
+}
+```
+
+## 实用插件示例
+
+### 网络同步插件
+
+```typescript
+import { IPlugin, IService, Core, ServiceContainer } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+class NetworkSyncService implements IService {
+    private ws?: WebSocket;
+
+    connect(url: string) {
+        this.ws = new WebSocket(url);
+        this.ws.onmessage = (event) => {
+            const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
+            this.handleMessage(data);
+        };
+    }
+
+    private handleMessage(data: any) {
+        // 处理网络消息
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        if (this.ws) {
+            this.ws.close();
+            this.ws = undefined;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class NetworkSyncPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'network-sync';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void {
+        // 注册网络服务
+        services.registerSingleton(NetworkSyncService);
+
+        // 自动连接
+        const network = services.resolve(NetworkSyncService);
+        network.connect('ws://localhost:8080');
+    }
+
+    uninstall(): void {
+        // 服务会自动dispose
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 性能分析插件
+
+```typescript
+class PerformanceAnalysisPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'performance-analysis';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+    private frameCount = 0;
+    private totalTime = 0;
+
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void {
+        const monitor = services.resolve(PerformanceMonitor);
+        monitor.enable();
+
+        // 定期输出性能报告
+        const timer = services.resolve(TimerManager);
+        timer.schedule(5.0, true, null, () => {
+            this.printReport(monitor);
+        });
+    }
+
+    uninstall(): void {
+        // 清理
+    }
+
+    private printReport(monitor: PerformanceMonitor) {
+        console.log('=== Performance Report ===');
+        console.log(`FPS: ${monitor.getFPS()}`);
+        console.log(`Memory: ${monitor.getMemoryUsage()} MB`);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## 最佳实践
+
+### 命名规范
+
+- 插件名称使用小写字母和连字符：`my-awesome-plugin`
+- 版本号遵循语义化版本规范：`1.0.0`
+
+```typescript
+class MyPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'my-awesome-plugin';  // 好
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';           // 好
+}
+```
+
+### 清理资源
+
+始终在 `uninstall` 中清理插件创建的所有资源：
+
+```typescript
+class MyPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'my-plugin';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+    private timerId?: number;
+    private listener?: () => void;
+
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void {
+        // 添加定时器
+        this.timerId = setInterval(() => {
+            // ...
+        }, 1000);
+
+        // 添加事件监听
+        this.listener = () => {};
+        window.addEventListener('resize', this.listener);
+    }
+
+    uninstall(): void {
+        // 清理定时器
+        if (this.timerId) {
+            clearInterval(this.timerId);
+            this.timerId = undefined;
+        }
+
+        // 移除事件监听
+        if (this.listener) {
+            window.removeEventListener('resize', this.listener);
+            this.listener = undefined;
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 错误处理
+
+在插件中妥善处理错误，避免影响整个应用：
+
+```typescript
+class MyPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'my-plugin';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+
+    async install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): Promise<void> {
+        try {
+            // 可能失败的操作
+            await this.loadConfig();
+        } catch (error) {
+            console.error('Failed to load plugin config:', error);
+            throw error; // 重新抛出，让框架知道安装失败
+        }
+    }
+
+    async uninstall(): Promise<void> {
+        try {
+            await this.cleanup();
+        } catch (error) {
+            console.error('Failed to cleanup plugin:', error);
+            // 即使清理失败也不应该阻止卸载
+        }
+    }
+
+    private async loadConfig() {
+        // 加载配置
+    }
+
+    private async cleanup() {
+        // 清理
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 配置化
+
+允许用户配置插件行为：
+
+```typescript
+interface NetworkPluginConfig {
+    serverUrl: string;
+    autoReconnect: boolean;
+    timeout: number;
+}
+
+class NetworkPlugin implements IPlugin {
+    readonly name = 'network-plugin';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+
+    constructor(private config: NetworkPluginConfig) {}
+
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void {
+        const network = new NetworkService(this.config);
+        services.registerInstance(NetworkService, network);
+    }
+
+    uninstall(): void {
+        // 清理
+    }
+}
+
+// 使用
+const plugin = new NetworkPlugin({
+    serverUrl: 'ws://localhost:8080',
+    autoReconnect: true,
+    timeout: 5000
+});
+
+await Core.installPlugin(plugin);
+```
+
+## 常见问题
+
+### 插件安装失败
+
+**问题**: 插件安装时抛出错误
+
+**原因**:
+- 依赖未满足
+- install 方法中有异常
+- 服务注册冲突
+
+**解决**:
+1. 检查依赖是否已安装
+2. 查看错误日志
+3. 确保服务名称不冲突
+
+### 插件卸载后仍有副作用
+
+**问题**: 卸载插件后，插件的功能仍在运行
+
+**原因**: uninstall 方法中未正确清理资源
+
+**解决**: 确保在 uninstall 中清理：
+- 定时器
+- 事件监听器
+- WebSocket连接
+- 系统引用
+
+### 何时使用插件
+
+**适合使用插件**:
+- 可选功能（调试工具、性能分析）
+- 第三方集成（网络库、物理引擎）
+- 跨项目复用的功能模块
+
+**不适合使用插件**:
+- 核心游戏逻辑
+- 简单的工具类
+- 项目特定的功能
+
+## 相关链接
+
+- [服务容器](./service-container.md) - 在插件中使用服务容器
+- [系统架构](./system.md) - 在插件中添加系统
+- [快速开始](./getting-started.md) - Core 初始化和基础使用

docs/guide/scene-manager.md

@@ -0,0 +1,675 @@
+# SceneManager
+
+SceneManager 是 ECS Framework 提供的轻量级场景管理器，适用于 95% 的游戏应用。它提供简单直观的 API，支持场景切换和延迟加载。
+
+## 适用场景
+
+SceneManager 适合以下场景：
+- 单人游戏
+- 简单多人游戏
+- 移动游戏
+- 需要场景切换的游戏（菜单、游戏、暂停等）
+- 不需要多 World 隔离的项目
+
+## 特点
+
+- 轻量级，零额外开销
+- 简单直观的 API
+- 支持延迟场景切换（避免在当前帧中途切换）
+- 自动管理 ECS 流式 API
+- 自动处理场景生命周期
+- 集成在 Core 中，自动更新
+
+## 基本使用
+
+### 推荐方式：使用 Core 的静态方法
+
+这是最简单和推荐的方式，适合大多数应用：
+
+```typescript
+import { Core, Scene } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 1. 初始化 Core
+Core.create({ debug: true });
+
+// 2. 创建并设置场景
+class GameScene extends Scene {
+  protected initialize(): void {
+    this.name = "GameScene";
+
+    // 添加系统
+    this.addSystem(new MovementSystem());
+    this.addSystem(new RenderSystem());
+
+    // 创建初始实体
+    const player = this.createEntity("Player");
+    player.addComponent(new Transform(400, 300));
+    player.addComponent(new Health(100));
+  }
+
+  public onStart(): void {
+    console.log("游戏场景已启动");
+  }
+}
+
+// 3. 设置场景
+Core.setScene(new GameScene());
+
+// 4. 游戏循环（Core.update 会自动更新场景）
+function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+  Core.update(deltaTime);  // 自动更新所有服务和场景
+}
+
+// Laya 引擎集成
+Laya.timer.frameLoop(1, this, () => {
+  const deltaTime = Laya.timer.delta / 1000;
+  Core.update(deltaTime);
+});
+
+// Cocos Creator 集成
+update(deltaTime: number) {
+  Core.update(deltaTime);
+}
+```
+
+### 高级方式：直接使用 SceneManager
+
+如果需要更多控制，可以直接使用 SceneManager：
+
+```typescript
+import { Core, SceneManager, Scene } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 初始化 Core
+Core.create({ debug: true });
+
+// 获取 SceneManager（Core 已自动创建并注册）
+const sceneManager = Core.services.resolve(SceneManager);
+
+// 设置场景
+const gameScene = new GameScene();
+sceneManager.setScene(gameScene);
+
+// 游戏循环（仍然使用 Core.update）
+function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+  Core.update(deltaTime);  // Core会自动调用sceneManager.update()
+}
+```
+
+**重要**：无论使用哪种方式，游戏循环中都应该只调用 `Core.update()`，它会自动更新 SceneManager 和场景。不需要手动调用 `sceneManager.update()`。
+
+## 场景切换
+
+### 立即切换
+
+使用 `Core.setScene()` 或 `sceneManager.setScene()` 立即切换场景：
+
+```typescript
+// 方式1：使用 Core（推荐）
+Core.setScene(new MenuScene());
+
+// 方式2：使用 SceneManager
+const sceneManager = Core.services.resolve(SceneManager);
+sceneManager.setScene(new MenuScene());
+```
+
+### 延迟切换
+
+使用 `Core.loadScene()` 或 `sceneManager.loadScene()` 延迟切换场景，场景会在下一帧切换：
+
+```typescript
+// 方式1：使用 Core（推荐）
+Core.loadScene(new GameOverScene());
+
+// 方式2：使用 SceneManager
+const sceneManager = Core.services.resolve(SceneManager);
+sceneManager.loadScene(new GameOverScene());
+```
+
+在 System 中切换场景时，应该使用延迟切换：
+
+```typescript
+class GameOverSystem extends EntitySystem {
+  process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+    const player = entities.find(e => e.name === 'Player');
+    const health = player?.getComponent(Health);
+
+    if (health && health.value <= 0) {
+      // 延迟切换到游戏结束场景（下一帧生效）
+      Core.loadScene(new GameOverScene());
+      // 当前帧继续执行，不会中断当前系统的处理
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 完整的场景切换示例
+
+```typescript
+import { Core, Scene } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 初始化
+Core.create({ debug: true });
+
+// 菜单场景
+class MenuScene extends Scene {
+  protected initialize(): void {
+    this.name = "MenuScene";
+
+    // 监听开始游戏事件
+    this.eventSystem.on('start_game', () => {
+      Core.loadScene(new GameScene());
+    });
+  }
+
+  public onStart(): void {
+    console.log("显示菜单界面");
+  }
+
+  public unload(): void {
+    console.log("菜单场景卸载");
+  }
+}
+
+// 游戏场景
+class GameScene extends Scene {
+  protected initialize(): void {
+    this.name = "GameScene";
+
+    // 创建游戏实体
+    const player = this.createEntity("Player");
+    player.addComponent(new Transform(400, 300));
+    player.addComponent(new Health(100));
+
+    // 监听游戏结束事件
+    this.eventSystem.on('game_over', () => {
+      Core.loadScene(new GameOverScene());
+    });
+  }
+
+  public onStart(): void {
+    console.log("游戏开始");
+  }
+
+  public unload(): void {
+    console.log("游戏场景卸载");
+  }
+}
+
+// 游戏结束场景
+class GameOverScene extends Scene {
+  protected initialize(): void {
+    this.name = "GameOverScene";
+
+    // 监听返回菜单事件
+    this.eventSystem.on('back_to_menu', () => {
+      Core.loadScene(new MenuScene());
+    });
+  }
+
+  public onStart(): void {
+    console.log("显示游戏结束界面");
+  }
+}
+
+// 开始游戏
+Core.setScene(new MenuScene());
+
+// 游戏循环
+function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+  Core.update(deltaTime);  // 自动更新场景
+}
+```
+
+## API 参考
+
+### Core 静态方法（推荐）
+
+#### Core.setScene()
+
+立即切换场景。
+
+```typescript
+public static setScene<T extends IScene>(scene: T): T
+```
+
+**参数**：
+- `scene` - 要设置的场景实例
+
+**返回**：
+- 返回设置的场景实例
+
+**示例**：
+```typescript
+const gameScene = Core.setScene(new GameScene());
+console.log(gameScene.name);
+```
+
+#### Core.loadScene()
+
+延迟加载场景（下一帧切换）。
+
+```typescript
+public static loadScene<T extends IScene>(scene: T): void
+```
+
+**参数**：
+- `scene` - 要加载的场景实例
+
+**示例**：
+```typescript
+Core.loadScene(new GameOverScene());
+```
+
+#### Core.scene
+
+获取当前活跃的场景。
+
+```typescript
+public static get scene(): IScene | null
+```
+
+**返回**：
+- 当前场景实例，如果没有场景则返回 null
+
+**示例**：
+```typescript
+const currentScene = Core.scene;
+if (currentScene) {
+  console.log(`当前场景: ${currentScene.name}`);
+}
+```
+
+#### Core.ecsAPI
+
+获取 ECS 流式 API。
+
+```typescript
+public static get ecsAPI(): ECSFluentAPI | null
+```
+
+**返回**：
+- ECS API 实例，如果当前没有场景则返回 null
+
+**示例**：
+```typescript
+const api = Core.ecsAPI;
+if (api) {
+  // 查询实体
+  const enemies = api.find(Enemy, Transform);
+
+  // 发射事件
+  api.emit('game:start', { level: 1 });
+}
+```
+
+### SceneManager 方法（高级）
+
+如果需要直接使用 SceneManager，可以通过服务容器获取：
+
+```typescript
+const sceneManager = Core.services.resolve(SceneManager);
+```
+
+#### setScene()
+
+立即切换场景。
+
+```typescript
+public setScene<T extends IScene>(scene: T): T
+```
+
+#### loadScene()
+
+延迟加载场景。
+
+```typescript
+public loadScene<T extends IScene>(scene: T): void
+```
+
+#### currentScene
+
+获取当前场景。
+
+```typescript
+public get currentScene(): IScene | null
+```
+
+#### api
+
+获取 ECS 流式 API。
+
+```typescript
+public get api(): ECSFluentAPI | null
+```
+
+#### hasScene
+
+检查是否有活跃场景。
+
+```typescript
+public get hasScene(): boolean
+```
+
+#### hasPendingScene
+
+检查是否有待切换的场景。
+
+```typescript
+public get hasPendingScene(): boolean
+```
+
+## 使用 ECS 流式 API
+
+通过 `Core.ecsAPI` 可以方便地访问场景的 ECS 功能：
+
+```typescript
+const api = Core.ecsAPI;
+if (!api) {
+  console.error('没有活跃场景');
+  return;
+}
+
+// 查询实体
+const players = api.find(Player, Transform);
+const enemies = api.find(Enemy, Health, Transform);
+
+// 发射事件
+api.emit('player:scored', { points: 100 });
+
+// 监听事件
+api.on('enemy:died', (data) => {
+  console.log('敌人死亡:', data);
+});
+```
+
+## 最佳实践
+
+### 1. 使用 Core 的静态方法
+
+```typescript
+// 推荐：使用 Core 的静态方法
+Core.setScene(new GameScene());
+Core.loadScene(new MenuScene());
+const currentScene = Core.scene;
+
+// 不推荐：除非有特殊需求，否则不需要直接使用 SceneManager
+const sceneManager = Core.services.resolve(SceneManager);
+sceneManager.setScene(new GameScene());
+```
+
+### 2. 只调用 Core.update()
+
+```typescript
+// 正确：只调用 Core.update()
+function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+  Core.update(deltaTime);  // 自动更新所有服务和场景
+}
+
+// 错误：不要手动调用 sceneManager.update()
+function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+  Core.update(deltaTime);
+  sceneManager.update();  // 重复更新，会导致问题！
+}
+```
+
+### 3. 使用延迟切换避免问题
+
+在 System 中切换场景时，应该使用 `loadScene()` 而不是 `setScene()`：
+
+```typescript
+// 推荐：延迟切换
+class HealthSystem extends EntitySystem {
+  process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+    for (const entity of entities) {
+      const health = entity.getComponent(Health);
+      if (health.value <= 0) {
+        Core.loadScene(new GameOverScene());
+        // 当前帧继续处理其他实体
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// 不推荐：立即切换可能导致问题
+class HealthSystem extends EntitySystem {
+  process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+    for (const entity of entities) {
+      const health = entity.getComponent(Health);
+      if (health.value <= 0) {
+        Core.setScene(new GameOverScene());
+        // 场景立即切换，当前帧的其他实体可能无法正常处理
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 4. 场景职责分离
+
+每个场景应该只负责一个特定的游戏状态：
+
+```typescript
+// 好的设计 - 职责清晰
+class MenuScene extends Scene {
+  // 只处理菜单相关逻辑
+}
+
+class GameScene extends Scene {
+  // 只处理游戏玩法逻辑
+}
+
+class PauseScene extends Scene {
+  // 只处理暂停界面逻辑
+}
+
+// 避免的设计 - 职责混乱
+class MegaScene extends Scene {
+  // 包含菜单、游戏、暂停等所有逻辑
+}
+```
+
+### 5. 资源管理
+
+在场景的 `unload()` 方法中清理资源：
+
+```typescript
+class GameScene extends Scene {
+  private textures: Map<string, any> = new Map();
+  private sounds: Map<string, any> = new Map();
+
+  protected initialize(): void {
+    this.loadResources();
+  }
+
+  private loadResources(): void {
+    this.textures.set('player', loadTexture('player.png'));
+    this.sounds.set('bgm', loadSound('bgm.mp3'));
+  }
+
+  public unload(): void {
+    // 清理资源
+    this.textures.clear();
+    this.sounds.clear();
+    console.log('场景资源已清理');
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 6. 事件驱动的场景切换
+
+使用事件系统来触发场景切换，保持代码解耦：
+
+```typescript
+class GameScene extends Scene {
+  protected initialize(): void {
+    // 监听场景切换事件
+    this.eventSystem.on('goto:menu', () => {
+      Core.loadScene(new MenuScene());
+    });
+
+    this.eventSystem.on('goto:gameover', (data) => {
+      Core.loadScene(new GameOverScene());
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+// 在 System 中触发事件
+class GameLogicSystem extends EntitySystem {
+  process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+    if (levelComplete) {
+      this.scene.eventSystem.emitSync('goto:gameover', {
+        score: 1000,
+        level: 5
+      });
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## 架构层次
+
+SceneManager 在 ECS Framework 中的位置：
+
+```
+Core (全局服务)
+  └── SceneManager (场景管理，自动更新)
+      └── Scene (当前场景)
+          ├── EntitySystem (系统)
+          ├── Entity (实体)
+          └── Component (组件)
+```
+
+## 与 WorldManager 的对比
+
+| 特性 | SceneManager | WorldManager |
+|------|--------------|--------------|
+| 适用场景 | 95% 的游戏应用 | 高级多世界隔离场景 |
+| 复杂度 | 简单 | 复杂 |
+| 场景数量 | 单场景（可切换） | 多 World，每个 World 多场景 |
+| 性能开销 | 最小 | 较高 |
+| 使用方式 | `Core.setScene()` | `worldManager.createWorld()` |
+
+**何时使用 SceneManager**：
+- 单人游戏
+- 简单的多人游戏
+- 移动游戏
+- 场景之间需要切换但不需要同时运行
+
+**何时使用 WorldManager**：
+- MMO 游戏服务器（每个房间一个 World）
+- 游戏大厅系统（每个游戏房间完全隔离）
+- 需要运行多个完全独立的游戏实例
+
+## 完整示例
+
+```typescript
+import { Core, Scene, EntitySystem, Entity, Matcher } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 定义组件
+class Transform {
+  constructor(public x: number, public y: number) {}
+}
+
+class Velocity {
+  constructor(public vx: number, public vy: number) {}
+}
+
+class Health {
+  constructor(public value: number) {}
+}
+
+// 定义系统
+class MovementSystem extends EntitySystem {
+  constructor() {
+    super(Matcher.all(Transform, Velocity));
+  }
+
+  process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+    for (const entity of entities) {
+      const transform = entity.getComponent(Transform);
+      const velocity = entity.getComponent(Velocity);
+
+      if (transform && velocity) {
+        transform.x += velocity.vx;
+        transform.y += velocity.vy;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// 定义场景
+class MenuScene extends Scene {
+  protected initialize(): void {
+    this.name = "MenuScene";
+    console.log("菜单场景初始化");
+  }
+
+  public onStart(): void {
+    console.log("菜单场景启动");
+  }
+}
+
+class GameScene extends Scene {
+  protected initialize(): void {
+    this.name = "GameScene";
+
+    // 添加系统
+    this.addSystem(new MovementSystem());
+
+    // 创建玩家
+    const player = this.createEntity("Player");
+    player.addComponent(new Transform(400, 300));
+    player.addComponent(new Velocity(0, 0));
+    player.addComponent(new Health(100));
+
+    // 创建敌人
+    for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+      const enemy = this.createEntity(`Enemy_${i}`);
+      enemy.addComponent(new Transform(
+        Math.random() * 800,
+        Math.random() * 600
+      ));
+      enemy.addComponent(new Velocity(
+        Math.random() * 100 - 50,
+        Math.random() * 100 - 50
+      ));
+      enemy.addComponent(new Health(50));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public onStart(): void {
+    console.log('游戏场景启动');
+  }
+
+  public unload(): void {
+    console.log('游戏场景卸载');
+  }
+}
+
+// 初始化
+Core.create({ debug: true });
+
+// 设置初始场景
+Core.setScene(new MenuScene());
+
+// 游戏循环
+let lastTime = 0;
+function gameLoop(currentTime: number) {
+  const deltaTime = (currentTime - lastTime) / 1000;
+  lastTime = currentTime;
+
+  // 只需要调用 Core.update，它会自动更新场景
+  Core.update(deltaTime);
+
+  requestAnimationFrame(gameLoop);
+}
+
+requestAnimationFrame(gameLoop);
+
+// 切换到游戏场景
+setTimeout(() => {
+  Core.loadScene(new GameScene());
+}, 3000);
+```
+
+SceneManager 为大多数游戏提供了简单而强大的场景管理能力。通过 Core 的静态方法，你可以轻松地管理场景切换。如果你需要更高级的多世界隔离功能，请参考 [WorldManager](./world-manager.md) 文档。

docs/guide/scene.md

@@ -11,6 +11,22 @@
 - 事件系统支持
 - 性能监控和调试信息
 
+## 场景管理方式
+
+ECS Framework 提供了两种场景管理方式：
+
+1. **[SceneManager](./scene-manager.md)** - 适用于 95% 的游戏应用
+   - 单人游戏、简单多人游戏、移动游戏
+   - 轻量级，简单直观的 API
+   - 支持场景切换
+
+2. **[WorldManager](./world-manager.md)** - 适用于高级多世界隔离场景
+   - MMO 游戏服务器、游戏房间系统
+   - 多 World 管理，每个 World 可包含多个场景
+   - 完全隔离的独立环境
+
+本文档重点介绍 Scene 类本身的使用方法。关于场景管理器的详细信息，请查看对应的文档。
+
 ## 创建场景
 
 ### 继承 Scene 类
@@ -106,6 +122,13 @@ const scene = new ExampleScene();
 // 场景的 initialize(), begin(), update(), end() 由框架自动调用
 ```
 
+**生命周期方法**：
+
+1. `initialize()` - 场景初始化，设置系统和初始实体
+2. `begin()` / `onStart()` - 场景开始运行
+3. `update()` - 每帧更新（由场景管理器调用）
+4. `end()` / `unload()` - 场景卸载，清理资源
+
 ## 实体管理
 
 ### 创建实体
@@ -247,15 +270,42 @@ class EventScene extends Scene {
   }
 
   public triggerGameEvent(): void {
-    // 发送事件
+    // 发送事件（同步）
     this.eventSystem.emitSync('custom_event', {
       message: "这是自定义事件",
       timestamp: Date.now()
     });
+
+    // 发送事件（异步）
+    this.eventSystem.emit('async_event', {
+      data: "异步事件数据"
+    });
   }
 }
 ```
 
+### 事件系统 API
+
+```typescript
+// 监听事件
+this.eventSystem.on('event_name', callback);
+
+// 监听一次（自动取消订阅）
+this.eventSystem.once('event_name', callback);
+
+// 取消监听
+this.eventSystem.off('event_name', callback);
+
+// 同步发送事件
+this.eventSystem.emitSync('event_name', data);
+
+// 异步发送事件
+this.eventSystem.emit('event_name', data);
+
+// 清除所有事件监听
+this.eventSystem.clear();
+```
+
 ## 场景统计和调试
 
 ### 获取场景统计
@@ -287,110 +337,59 @@ class StatsScene extends Scene {
 }
 ```
 
-## 场景集成到框架
+## 组件查询
 
-场景可以通过两种方式运行：
-
-### 1. 简单的单场景应用
+Scene 提供了强大的组件查询系统：
 
 ```typescript
-import { Core } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
-
-// 创建游戏场景
-class GameScene extends Scene {
+class QueryScene extends Scene {
   protected initialize(): void {
-    this.name = "GameScene";
-    this.addSystem(new MovementSystem());
-    this.addSystem(new RenderSystem());
-  }
-}
-
-// 启动游戏
-Core.create();
-const gameScene = new GameScene();
-Core.setScene(gameScene);
-```
-
-### 2. 复杂的多场景应用
-
-```typescript
-import { WorldManager } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
-
-// 获取WorldManager实例
-const worldManager = WorldManager.getInstance();
-
-// 创建World
-const gameWorld = worldManager.createWorld('game', {
-  name: 'MainGame',
-  maxScenes: 5
-});
-
-// 在World中创建场景
-const menuScene = gameWorld.createScene('menu', new MenuScene());
-const gameScene = gameWorld.createScene('game', new GameScene());
-
-// 激活场景
-gameWorld.setSceneActive('menu', true);
-```
-
-## 多场景管理
-
-在World中可以管理多个场景，通过激活/停用来切换：
-
-```typescript
-class GameWorld extends World {
-  private menuScene: Scene;
-  private gameScene: Scene;
-  private gameOverScene: Scene;
-
-  public initialize(): void {
-    // 创建多个场景
-    this.menuScene = this.createScene('menu', new MenuScene());
-    this.gameScene = this.createScene('game', new GameScene());
-    this.gameOverScene = this.createScene('gameover', new GameOverScene());
-
-    // 设置初始场景
-    this.showMenu();
+    // 创建一些实体
+    for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+      const entity = this.createEntity(`Entity_${i}`);
+      entity.addComponent(new Transform(i * 10, 0));
+      entity.addComponent(new Velocity(1, 0));
+      if (i % 2 === 0) {
+        entity.addComponent(new Renderer());
+      }
+    }
   }
 
-  public showMenu(): void {
-    this.deactivateAllScenes();
-    this.setSceneActive('menu', true);
-  }
+  public queryEntities(): void {
+    // 通过 QuerySystem 查询
+    const entities = this.querySystem.query([Transform, Velocity]);
+    console.log(`找到 ${entities.length} 个有 Transform 和 Velocity 的实体`);
 
-  public startGame(): void {
-    this.deactivateAllScenes();
-    this.setSceneActive('game', true);
-  }
-
-  public showGameOver(): void {
-    this.deactivateAllScenes();
-    this.setSceneActive('gameover', true);
-  }
-
-  private deactivateAllScenes(): void {
-    this.setSceneActive('menu', false);
-    this.setSceneActive('game', false);
-    this.setSceneActive('gameover', false);
+    // 使用 ECS 流式 API（如果通过 SceneManager）
+    // const api = sceneManager.api;
+    // const entities = api?.find(Transform, Velocity);
   }
 }
 ```
 
-## 与 World 的关系
+## 性能监控
 
-Scene 的运行架构层次：
+Scene 内置了性能监控功能：
 
 ```typescript
-// Core -> WorldManager -> World -> Scene -> EntitySystem -> Entity -> Component
+class PerformanceScene extends Scene {
+  public showPerformance(): void {
+    // 获取性能数据
+    const perfData = this.performanceMonitor?.getPerformanceData();
+    if (perfData) {
+      console.log('FPS:', perfData.fps);
+      console.log('帧时间:', perfData.frameTime);
+      console.log('实体更新时间:', perfData.entityUpdateTime);
+      console.log('系统更新时间:', perfData.systemUpdateTime);
+    }
 
-// 1. 简单应用：Core直接管理单个Scene
-Core.setScene(new GameScene());
-
-// 2. 复杂应用：WorldManager管理多个World，每个World管理多个Scene
-const worldManager = WorldManager.getInstance();
-const world = worldManager.createWorld('gameWorld');
-const scene = world.createScene('mainScene', new GameScene());
-world.setSceneActive('mainScene', true);
+    // 获取性能报告
+    const report = this.performanceMonitor?.generateReport();
+    if (report) {
+      console.log('性能报告:', report);
+    }
+  }
+}
 ```
 
 ## 最佳实践
@@ -398,7 +397,7 @@ world.setSceneActive('mainScene', true);
 ### 1. 场景职责分离
 
 ```typescript
-// ✅ 好的场景设计 - 职责清晰
+// 好的场景设计 - 职责清晰
 class MenuScene extends Scene {
   // 只处理菜单相关逻辑
 }
@@ -411,7 +410,7 @@ class InventoryScene extends Scene {
   // 只处理物品栏逻辑
 }
 
-// ❌ 避免的场景设计 - 职责混乱
+// 避免的场景设计 - 职责混乱
 class MegaScene extends Scene {
   // 包含菜单、游戏、物品栏等所有逻辑
 }
@@ -458,12 +457,25 @@ class ResourceScene extends Scene {
 
   private loadResources(): void {
     // 加载场景所需资源
+    this.textures.set('player', this.loadTexture('player.png'));
+    this.sounds.set('bgm', this.loadSound('bgm.mp3'));
   }
 
   public unload(): void {
     // 清理资源
     this.textures.clear();
     this.sounds.clear();
+    console.log('场景资源已清理');
+  }
+
+  private loadTexture(path: string): any {
+    // 加载纹理
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  private loadSound(path: string): any {
+    // 加载音效
+    return null;
   }
 }
 ```
@@ -504,7 +516,146 @@ class EventHandlingScene extends Scene {
   private onPlayerInput(data: any): void {
     // 处理玩家输入
   }
+
+  public unload(): void {
+    // 清理事件监听
+    this.eventSystem.clear();
+  }
 }
 ```
 
-场景是 ECS 框架的核心容器，正确使用场景管理能让你的游戏架构更加清晰、模块化和易于维护。
+### 5. 初始化顺序
+
+```typescript
+class ProperInitScene extends Scene {
+  protected initialize(): void {
+    // 1. 首先设置场景配置
+    this.name = "GameScene";
+
+    // 2. 然后添加系统（按依赖顺序）
+    this.addSystem(new InputSystem());
+    this.addSystem(new MovementSystem());
+    this.addSystem(new PhysicsSystem());
+    this.addSystem(new RenderSystem());
+
+    // 3. 最后创建实体
+    this.createEntities();
+
+    // 4. 设置事件监听
+    this.setupEvents();
+  }
+
+  private createEntities(): void {
+    // 创建实体
+  }
+
+  private setupEvents(): void {
+    // 设置事件监听
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## 完整示例
+
+```typescript
+import { Scene, EntitySystem, Entity, Matcher } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 定义组件
+class Transform {
+  constructor(public x: number, public y: number) {}
+}
+
+class Velocity {
+  constructor(public vx: number, public vy: number) {}
+}
+
+class Health {
+  constructor(public value: number) {}
+}
+
+// 定义系统
+class MovementSystem extends EntitySystem {
+  constructor() {
+    super(Matcher.all(Transform, Velocity));
+  }
+
+  process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+    for (const entity of entities) {
+      const transform = entity.getComponent(Transform);
+      const velocity = entity.getComponent(Velocity);
+
+      if (transform && velocity) {
+        transform.x += velocity.vx;
+        transform.y += velocity.vy;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// 定义场景
+class GameScene extends Scene {
+  protected initialize(): void {
+    this.name = "GameScene";
+
+    // 添加系统
+    this.addSystem(new MovementSystem());
+
+    // 创建玩家
+    const player = this.createEntity("Player");
+    player.addComponent(new Transform(400, 300));
+    player.addComponent(new Velocity(0, 0));
+    player.addComponent(new Health(100));
+
+    // 创建敌人
+    for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+      const enemy = this.createEntity(`Enemy_${i}`);
+      enemy.addComponent(new Transform(
+        Math.random() * 800,
+        Math.random() * 600
+      ));
+      enemy.addComponent(new Velocity(
+        Math.random() * 100 - 50,
+        Math.random() * 100 - 50
+      ));
+      enemy.addComponent(new Health(50));
+    }
+
+    // 设置事件监听
+    this.eventSystem.on('player_died', () => {
+      console.log('玩家死亡！');
+    });
+  }
+
+  public onStart(): void {
+    console.log('游戏场景启动');
+  }
+
+  public unload(): void {
+    console.log('游戏场景卸载');
+    this.eventSystem.clear();
+  }
+}
+
+// 使用场景
+// 方式1：通过 SceneManager（推荐）
+import { Core, SceneManager } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+Core.create({ debug: true });
+const sceneManager = Core.services.resolve(SceneManager);
+sceneManager.setScene(new GameScene());
+
+// 方式2：通过 WorldManager（高级用例）
+import { WorldManager } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+const worldManager = Core.services.resolve(WorldManager);
+const world = worldManager.createWorld('game');
+world.createScene('main', new GameScene());
+world.setSceneActive('main', true);
+```
+
+## 下一步
+
+- 了解 [SceneManager](./scene-manager.md) - 适用于大多数游戏的简单场景管理
+- 了解 [WorldManager](./world-manager.md) - 适用于需要多世界隔离的高级场景
+
+场景是 ECS 框架的核心容器，正确使用场景管理能让你的游戏架构更加清晰、模块化和易于维护。

docs/guide/serialization.md

@@ -0,0 +1,823 @@
+# 序列化系统
+
+序列化系统提供了完整的场景、实体和组件数据持久化方案，支持全量序列化和增量序列化两种模式，适用于游戏存档、网络同步、场景编辑器、时间回溯等场景。
+
+## 基本概念
+
+序列化系统分为两个层次：
+
+- **全量序列化**：序列化完整的场景状态，包括所有实体、组件和场景数据
+- **增量序列化**：只序列化相对于基础快照的变更部分，大幅减少数据量
+
+### 支持的数据格式
+
+- **JSON格式**：人类可读，便于调试和编辑
+- **Binary格式**：使用MessagePack，体积更小，性能更高
+
+> **📢 v2.2.2 重要变更**
+>
+> 从 v2.2.2 开始，二进制序列化格式返回 `Uint8Array` 而非 Node.js 的 `Buffer`，以确保浏览器兼容性：
+> - `serialize({ format: 'binary' })` 返回 `string | Uint8Array`（原为 `string | Buffer`）
+> - `deserialize(data)` 接收 `string | Uint8Array`（原为 `string | Buffer`）
+> - `applyIncremental(data)` 接收 `IncrementalSnapshot | string | Uint8Array`（原为包含 `Buffer`）
+>
+> **迁移影响**：
+> - ✅ **运行时兼容**：Node.js 的 `Buffer` 继承自 `Uint8Array`，现有代码可直接运行
+> - ⚠️ **类型检查**：如果你的 TypeScript 代码中显式使用了 `Buffer` 类型，需要改为 `Uint8Array`
+> - ✅ **浏览器支持**：`Uint8Array` 是标准 JavaScript 类型，所有现代浏览器都支持
+
+## 全量序列化
+
+### 基础用法
+
+#### 1. 标记可序列化组件
+
+使用 `@Serializable` 和 `@Serialize` 装饰器标记需要序列化的组件和字段：
+
+```typescript
+import { Component, ECSComponent, Serializable, Serialize } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+@ECSComponent('Player')
+@Serializable({ version: 1 })
+class PlayerComponent extends Component {
+  @Serialize()
+  public name: string = '';
+
+  @Serialize()
+  public level: number = 1;
+
+  @Serialize()
+  public experience: number = 0;
+
+  @Serialize()
+  public position: { x: number; y: number } = { x: 0, y: 0 };
+
+  // 不使用 @Serialize() 的字段不会被序列化
+  private tempData: any = null;
+}
+```
+
+#### 2. 序列化场景
+
+```typescript
+// JSON格式序列化
+const jsonData = scene.serialize({
+  format: 'json',
+  pretty: true  // 美化输出
+});
+
+// 保存到本地存储
+localStorage.setItem('gameSave', jsonData);
+
+// Binary格式序列化（更小的体积）
+const binaryData = scene.serialize({
+  format: 'binary'
+});
+
+// 保存为文件（Node.js环境）
+// 注意：binaryData 是 Uint8Array 类型，Node.js 的 fs 可以直接写入
+fs.writeFileSync('save.bin', binaryData);
+```
+
+#### 3. 反序列化场景
+
+```typescript
+// 从JSON恢复
+const saveData = localStorage.getItem('gameSave');
+if (saveData) {
+  scene.deserialize(saveData, {
+    strategy: 'replace'  // 替换当前场景内容
+  });
+}
+
+// 从Binary恢复
+const binaryData = fs.readFileSync('save.bin');
+scene.deserialize(binaryData, {
+  strategy: 'merge'  // 合并到现有场景
+});
+```
+
+### 序列化选项
+
+#### SerializationOptions
+
+```typescript
+interface SceneSerializationOptions {
+  // 指定要序列化的组件类型（可选）
+  components?: ComponentType[];
+
+  // 序列化格式：'json' 或 'binary'
+  format?: 'json' | 'binary';
+
+  // JSON美化输出
+  pretty?: boolean;
+
+  // 包含元数据
+  includeMetadata?: boolean;
+}
+```
+
+示例：
+
+```typescript
+// 只序列化特定组件类型
+const saveData = scene.serialize({
+  format: 'json',
+  components: [PlayerComponent, InventoryComponent],
+  pretty: true,
+  includeMetadata: true
+});
+```
+
+#### DeserializationOptions
+
+```typescript
+interface SceneDeserializationOptions {
+  // 反序列化策略
+  strategy?: 'merge' | 'replace';
+
+  // 组件类型注册表（可选，默认使用全局注册表）
+  componentRegistry?: Map<string, ComponentType>;
+}
+```
+
+### 高级装饰器
+
+#### 字段序列化选项
+
+```typescript
+@ECSComponent('Advanced')
+@Serializable({ version: 1 })
+class AdvancedComponent extends Component {
+  // 使用别名
+  @Serialize({ alias: 'playerName' })
+  public name: string = '';
+
+  // 自定义序列化器
+  @Serialize({
+    serializer: (value: Date) => value.toISOString(),
+    deserializer: (value: string) => new Date(value)
+  })
+  public createdAt: Date = new Date();
+
+  // 忽略序列化
+  @IgnoreSerialization()
+  public cachedData: any = null;
+}
+```
+
+#### 集合类型序列化
+
+```typescript
+@ECSComponent('Collections')
+@Serializable({ version: 1 })
+class CollectionsComponent extends Component {
+  // Map序列化
+  @SerializeAsMap()
+  public inventory: Map<string, number> = new Map();
+
+  // Set序列化
+  @SerializeAsSet()
+  public acquiredSkills: Set<string> = new Set();
+
+  constructor() {
+    super();
+    this.inventory.set('gold', 100);
+    this.inventory.set('silver', 50);
+    this.acquiredSkills.add('attack');
+    this.acquiredSkills.add('defense');
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 场景自定义数据
+
+除了实体和组件，还可以序列化场景级别的配置数据：
+
+```typescript
+// 设置场景数据
+scene.sceneData.set('weather', 'rainy');
+scene.sceneData.set('difficulty', 'hard');
+scene.sceneData.set('checkpoint', { x: 100, y: 200 });
+
+// 序列化时会自动包含场景数据
+const saveData = scene.serialize({ format: 'json' });
+
+// 反序列化后场景数据会恢复
+scene.deserialize(saveData);
+console.log(scene.sceneData.get('weather')); // 'rainy'
+```
+
+## 增量序列化
+
+增量序列化只保存场景的变更部分，适用于网络同步、撤销/重做、时间回溯等需要频繁保存状态的场景。
+
+### 基础用法
+
+#### 1. 创建基础快照
+
+```typescript
+// 在需要开始记录变更前创建基础快照
+scene.createIncrementalSnapshot();
+```
+
+#### 2. 修改场景
+
+```typescript
+// 添加实体
+const enemy = scene.createEntity('Enemy');
+enemy.addComponent(new PositionComponent(100, 200));
+enemy.addComponent(new HealthComponent(50));
+
+// 修改组件
+const player = scene.findEntity('Player');
+const pos = player.getComponent(PositionComponent);
+pos.x = 300;
+pos.y = 400;
+
+// 删除组件
+player.removeComponentByType(BuffComponent);
+
+// 删除实体
+const oldEntity = scene.findEntity('ToDelete');
+oldEntity.destroy();
+
+// 修改场景数据
+scene.sceneData.set('score', 1000);
+```
+
+#### 3. 获取增量变更
+
+```typescript
+// 获取相对于基础快照的所有变更
+const incremental = scene.serializeIncremental();
+
+// 查看变更统计
+const stats = IncrementalSerializer.getIncrementalStats(incremental);
+console.log('总变更数:', stats.totalChanges);
+console.log('新增实体:', stats.addedEntities);
+console.log('删除实体:', stats.removedEntities);
+console.log('新增组件:', stats.addedComponents);
+console.log('更新组件:', stats.updatedComponents);
+```
+
+#### 4. 序列化增量数据
+
+```typescript
+// JSON格式（默认）
+const jsonData = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(incremental, {
+  format: 'json'
+});
+
+// 二进制格式（更小的体积，更高性能）
+const binaryData = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(incremental, {
+  format: 'binary'
+});
+
+// 美化JSON输出（便于调试）
+const prettyJson = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(incremental, {
+  format: 'json',
+  pretty: true
+});
+
+// 发送或保存
+socket.send(binaryData);  // 网络传输使用二进制
+localStorage.setItem('changes', jsonData);  // 本地存储可用JSON
+```
+
+#### 5. 应用增量变更
+
+```typescript
+// 在另一个场景应用变更
+const otherScene = new Scene();
+
+// 直接应用增量对象
+otherScene.applyIncremental(incremental);
+
+// 从JSON字符串应用
+const jsonData = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(incremental, { format: 'json' });
+otherScene.applyIncremental(jsonData);
+
+// 从二进制Uint8Array应用
+const binaryData = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(incremental, { format: 'binary' });
+otherScene.applyIncremental(binaryData);
+```
+
+### 增量快照管理
+
+#### 更新快照基准
+
+在应用增量变更后，可以更新快照基准：
+
+```typescript
+// 创建初始快照
+scene.createIncrementalSnapshot();
+
+// 第一次修改
+entity.addComponent(new VelocityComponent(5, 0));
+const incremental1 = scene.serializeIncremental();
+
+// 更新基准（将当前状态设为新的基准）
+scene.updateIncrementalSnapshot();
+
+// 第二次修改（增量将基于更新后的基准）
+entity.getComponent(VelocityComponent).dx = 10;
+const incremental2 = scene.serializeIncremental();
+```
+
+#### 清除快照
+
+```typescript
+// 释放快照占用的内存
+scene.clearIncrementalSnapshot();
+
+// 检查是否有快照
+if (scene.hasIncrementalSnapshot()) {
+  console.log('存在增量快照');
+}
+```
+
+### 增量序列化选项
+
+```typescript
+interface IncrementalSerializationOptions {
+  // 是否进行组件数据的深度对比
+  // 默认true，设为false可提升性能但可能漏掉组件内部字段变更
+  deepComponentComparison?: boolean;
+
+  // 是否跟踪场景数据变更
+  // 默认true
+  trackSceneData?: boolean;
+
+  // 是否压缩快照（使用JSON序列化）
+  // 默认false
+  compressSnapshot?: boolean;
+
+  // 序列化格式
+  // 'json': JSON格式（可读性好，方便调试）
+  // 'binary': MessagePack二进制格式（体积小，性能高）
+  // 默认 'json'
+  format?: 'json' | 'binary';
+
+  // 是否美化JSON输出（仅在format='json'时有效）
+  // 默认false
+  pretty?: boolean;
+}
+
+// 使用选项
+scene.createIncrementalSnapshot({
+  deepComponentComparison: true,
+  trackSceneData: true
+});
+```
+
+### 增量数据结构
+
+增量快照包含以下变更类型：
+
+```typescript
+interface IncrementalSnapshot {
+  version: number;           // 快照版本号
+  timestamp: number;         // 时间戳
+  sceneName: string;         // 场景名称
+  baseVersion: number;       // 基础版本号
+  entityChanges: EntityChange[];      // 实体变更
+  componentChanges: ComponentChange[]; // 组件变更
+  sceneDataChanges: SceneDataChange[]; // 场景数据变更
+}
+
+// 变更操作类型
+enum ChangeOperation {
+  EntityAdded = 'entity_added',
+  EntityRemoved = 'entity_removed',
+  EntityUpdated = 'entity_updated',
+  ComponentAdded = 'component_added',
+  ComponentRemoved = 'component_removed',
+  ComponentUpdated = 'component_updated',
+  SceneDataUpdated = 'scene_data_updated'
+}
+```
+
+## 版本迁移
+
+当组件结构发生变化时，版本迁移系统可以自动升级旧版本的存档数据。
+
+### 注册迁移函数
+
+```typescript
+import { VersionMigrationManager } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 假设 PlayerComponent v1 有 hp 字段
+// v2 改为 health 和 maxHealth 字段
+
+// 注册从版本1到版本2的迁移
+VersionMigrationManager.registerComponentMigration(
+  'Player',
+  1,  // 从版本
+  2,  // 到版本
+  (data) => {
+    // 迁移逻辑
+    const newData = {
+      ...data,
+      health: data.hp,
+      maxHealth: data.hp,
+    };
+    delete newData.hp;
+    return newData;
+  }
+);
+```
+
+### 使用迁移构建器
+
+```typescript
+import { MigrationBuilder } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+new MigrationBuilder()
+  .forComponent('Player')
+  .fromVersionToVersion(2, 3)
+  .migrate((data) => {
+    // 从版本2迁移到版本3
+    data.experience = data.exp || 0;
+    delete data.exp;
+    return data;
+  });
+```
+
+### 场景级迁移
+
+```typescript
+// 注册场景级迁移
+VersionMigrationManager.registerSceneMigration(
+  1,  // 从版本
+  2,  // 到版本
+  (scene) => {
+    // 迁移场景结构
+    scene.metadata = {
+      ...scene.metadata,
+      migratedFrom: 1
+    };
+    return scene;
+  }
+);
+```
+
+### 检查迁移路径
+
+```typescript
+// 检查是否可以迁移
+const canMigrate = VersionMigrationManager.canMigrateComponent(
+  'Player',
+  1,  // 从版本
+  3   // 到版本
+);
+
+if (canMigrate) {
+  // 可以安全迁移
+  scene.deserialize(oldSaveData);
+}
+
+// 获取迁移路径
+const path = VersionMigrationManager.getComponentMigrationPath('Player');
+console.log('可用迁移版本:', path); // [1, 2, 3]
+```
+
+## 使用场景
+
+### 游戏存档系统
+
+```typescript
+class SaveSystem {
+  private static SAVE_KEY = 'game_save';
+
+  // 保存游戏
+  public static saveGame(scene: Scene): void {
+    const saveData = scene.serialize({
+      format: 'json',
+      pretty: false
+    });
+
+    localStorage.setItem(this.SAVE_KEY, saveData);
+    console.log('游戏已保存');
+  }
+
+  // 加载游戏
+  public static loadGame(scene: Scene): boolean {
+    const saveData = localStorage.getItem(this.SAVE_KEY);
+    if (saveData) {
+      scene.deserialize(saveData, {
+        strategy: 'replace'
+      });
+      console.log('游戏已加载');
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // 检查是否有存档
+  public static hasSave(): boolean {
+    return localStorage.getItem(this.SAVE_KEY) !== null;
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 网络同步
+
+```typescript
+class NetworkSync {
+  private baseSnapshot?: any;
+  private syncInterval: number = 100; // 100ms同步一次
+
+  constructor(private scene: Scene, private socket: WebSocket) {
+    this.setupSync();
+  }
+
+  private setupSync(): void {
+    // 创建基础快照
+    this.scene.createIncrementalSnapshot();
+
+    // 定期发送增量
+    setInterval(() => {
+      this.sendIncremental();
+    }, this.syncInterval);
+
+    // 接收远程增量
+    this.socket.onmessage = (event) => {
+      this.receiveIncremental(event.data);
+    };
+  }
+
+  private sendIncremental(): void {
+    const incremental = this.scene.serializeIncremental();
+    const stats = IncrementalSerializer.getIncrementalStats(incremental);
+
+    // 只在有变更时发送
+    if (stats.totalChanges > 0) {
+      // 使用二进制格式减少网络传输量
+      const binaryData = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(incremental, {
+        format: 'binary'
+      });
+      this.socket.send(binaryData);
+
+      // 更新基准
+      this.scene.updateIncrementalSnapshot();
+    }
+  }
+
+  private receiveIncremental(data: ArrayBuffer): void {
+    // 直接应用二进制数据（ArrayBuffer 转 Uint8Array）
+    const uint8Array = new Uint8Array(data);
+    this.scene.applyIncremental(uint8Array);
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 撤销/重做系统
+
+```typescript
+class UndoRedoSystem {
+  private history: IncrementalSnapshot[] = [];
+  private currentIndex: number = -1;
+  private maxHistory: number = 50;
+
+  constructor(private scene: Scene) {
+    // 创建初始快照
+    this.scene.createIncrementalSnapshot();
+    this.saveState('Initial');
+  }
+
+  // 保存当前状态
+  public saveState(label: string): void {
+    const incremental = this.scene.serializeIncremental();
+
+    // 删除当前位置之后的历史
+    this.history = this.history.slice(0, this.currentIndex + 1);
+
+    // 添加新状态
+    this.history.push(incremental);
+    this.currentIndex++;
+
+    // 限制历史记录数量
+    if (this.history.length > this.maxHistory) {
+      this.history.shift();
+      this.currentIndex--;
+    }
+
+    // 更新快照基准
+    this.scene.updateIncrementalSnapshot();
+  }
+
+  // 撤销
+  public undo(): boolean {
+    if (this.currentIndex > 0) {
+      this.currentIndex--;
+      const incremental = this.history[this.currentIndex];
+      this.scene.applyIncremental(incremental);
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // 重做
+  public redo(): boolean {
+    if (this.currentIndex < this.history.length - 1) {
+      this.currentIndex++;
+      const incremental = this.history[this.currentIndex];
+      this.scene.applyIncremental(incremental);
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  public canUndo(): boolean {
+    return this.currentIndex > 0;
+  }
+
+  public canRedo(): boolean {
+    return this.currentIndex < this.history.length - 1;
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 关卡编辑器
+
+```typescript
+class LevelEditor {
+  // 导出关卡
+  public exportLevel(scene: Scene, filename: string): void {
+    const levelData = scene.serialize({
+      format: 'json',
+      pretty: true,
+      includeMetadata: true
+    });
+
+    // 浏览器环境
+    const blob = new Blob([levelData], { type: 'application/json' });
+    const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
+    const a = document.createElement('a');
+    a.href = url;
+    a.download = filename;
+    a.click();
+    URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
+  }
+
+  // 导入关卡
+  public importLevel(scene: Scene, fileContent: string): void {
+    scene.deserialize(fileContent, {
+      strategy: 'replace'
+    });
+  }
+
+  // 验证关卡数据
+  public validateLevel(saveData: string): boolean {
+    const validation = SceneSerializer.validate(saveData);
+    if (!validation.valid) {
+      console.error('关卡数据无效:', validation.errors);
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // 获取关卡信息（不完全反序列化）
+  public getLevelInfo(saveData: string): any {
+    const info = SceneSerializer.getInfo(saveData);
+    return info;
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## 性能优化建议
+
+### 1. 选择合适的格式
+
+- **开发阶段**：使用JSON格式，便于调试和查看
+- **生产环境**：使用Binary格式，减少30-50%的数据大小
+
+### 2. 按需序列化
+
+```typescript
+// 只序列化需要持久化的组件
+const saveData = scene.serialize({
+  format: 'binary',
+  components: [PlayerComponent, InventoryComponent, QuestComponent]
+});
+```
+
+### 3. 增量序列化优化
+
+```typescript
+// 对于高频同步，关闭深度对比以提升性能
+scene.createIncrementalSnapshot({
+  deepComponentComparison: false  // 只检测组件的添加/删除
+});
+```
+
+### 4. 批量操作
+
+```typescript
+// 批量修改后再序列化
+scene.entities.buffer.forEach(entity => {
+  // 批量修改
+});
+
+// 一次性序列化所有变更
+const incremental = scene.serializeIncremental();
+```
+
+## 最佳实践
+
+### 1. 明确序列化字段
+
+```typescript
+// 明确标记需要序列化的字段
+@ECSComponent('Player')
+@Serializable({ version: 1 })
+class PlayerComponent extends Component {
+  @Serialize()
+  public name: string = '';
+
+  @Serialize()
+  public level: number = 1;
+
+  // 运行时数据不序列化
+  private _cachedSprite: any = null;
+}
+```
+
+### 2. 使用版本控制
+
+```typescript
+// 为组件指定版本
+@Serializable({ version: 2 })
+class PlayerComponent extends Component {
+  // 版本2的字段
+}
+
+// 注册迁移函数确保兼容性
+VersionMigrationManager.registerComponentMigration('Player', 1, 2, migrateV1ToV2);
+```
+
+### 3. 避免循环引用
+
+```typescript
+// 不要在组件中直接引用其他实体
+@ECSComponent('Follower')
+@Serializable({ version: 1 })
+class FollowerComponent extends Component {
+  // 存储实体ID而不是实体引用
+  @Serialize()
+  public targetId: number = 0;
+
+  // 通过场景查找目标实体
+  public getTarget(scene: Scene): Entity | null {
+    return scene.entities.findEntityById(this.targetId);
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 4. 压缩大数据
+
+```typescript
+// 对于大型数据结构，使用自定义序列化
+@ECSComponent('LargeData')
+@Serializable({ version: 1 })
+class LargeDataComponent extends Component {
+  @Serialize({
+    serializer: (data: LargeObject) => compressData(data),
+    deserializer: (data: CompressedData) => decompressData(data)
+  })
+  public data: LargeObject;
+}
+```
+
+## API参考
+
+### 全量序列化API
+
+- [`Scene.serialize()`](/api/classes/Scene#serialize) - 序列化场景
+- [`Scene.deserialize()`](/api/classes/Scene#deserialize) - 反序列化场景
+- [`SceneSerializer`](/api/classes/SceneSerializer) - 场景序列化器
+- [`ComponentSerializer`](/api/classes/ComponentSerializer) - 组件序列化器
+
+### 增量序列化API
+
+- [`Scene.createIncrementalSnapshot()`](/api/classes/Scene#createincrementalsnapshot) - 创建基础快照
+- [`Scene.serializeIncremental()`](/api/classes/Scene#serializeincremental) - 获取增量变更
+- [`Scene.applyIncremental()`](/api/classes/Scene#applyincremental) - 应用增量变更（支持IncrementalSnapshot对象、JSON字符串或二进制Uint8Array）
+- [`Scene.updateIncrementalSnapshot()`](/api/classes/Scene#updateincrementalsnapshot) - 更新快照基准
+- [`Scene.clearIncrementalSnapshot()`](/api/classes/Scene#clearincrementalsnapshot) - 清除快照
+- [`Scene.hasIncrementalSnapshot()`](/api/classes/Scene#hasincrementalsnapshot) - 检查是否有快照
+- [`IncrementalSerializer`](/api/classes/IncrementalSerializer) - 增量序列化器
+- [`IncrementalSnapshot`](/api/interfaces/IncrementalSnapshot) - 增量快照接口
+- [`IncrementalSerializationOptions`](/api/interfaces/IncrementalSerializationOptions) - 增量序列化选项
+- [`IncrementalSerializationFormat`](/api/type-aliases/IncrementalSerializationFormat) - 序列化格式类型
+
+### 版本迁移API
+
+- [`VersionMigrationManager`](/api/classes/VersionMigrationManager) - 版本迁移管理器
+- `VersionMigrationManager.registerComponentMigration()` - 注册组件迁移
+- `VersionMigrationManager.registerSceneMigration()` - 注册场景迁移
+- `VersionMigrationManager.canMigrateComponent()` - 检查是否可以迁移
+- `VersionMigrationManager.getComponentMigrationPath()` - 获取迁移路径
+
+序列化系统是构建完整游戏的重要基础设施，合理使用可以实现强大的功能，如存档系统、网络同步、关卡编辑器等。

docs/guide/service-container.md

@@ -0,0 +1,589 @@
+# 服务容器
+
+服务容器（ServiceContainer）是 ECS Framework 的依赖注入容器，负责管理框架中所有服务的注册、解析和生命周期。通过服务容器，你可以实现松耦合的架构设计，提高代码的可测试性和可维护性。
+
+## 概述
+
+### 什么是服务容器
+
+服务容器是一个轻量级的依赖注入（DI）容器，它提供了：
+
+- **服务注册**: 将服务类型注册到容器中
+- **服务解析**: 从容器中获取服务实例
+- **生命周期管理**: 自动管理服务实例的创建和销毁
+- **依赖注入**: 自动解析服务之间的依赖关系
+
+### 核心概念
+
+#### 服务（Service）
+
+服务是实现了 `IService` 接口的类，必须提供 `dispose()` 方法用于资源清理：
+
+```typescript
+import { IService } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+class MyService implements IService {
+    constructor() {
+        // 初始化逻辑
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        // 清理资源
+    }
+}
+```
+
+#### 生命周期
+
+服务容器支持两种生命周期：
+
+- **Singleton（单例）**: 整个应用程序生命周期内只有一个实例，所有解析请求返回同一个实例
+- **Transient（瞬时）**: 每次解析都创建新的实例
+
+## 基础使用
+
+### 访问服务容器
+
+Core 类内置了服务容器，可以通过 `Core.services` 访问：
+
+```typescript
+import { Core } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 初始化Core
+Core.create({ debug: true });
+
+// 访问服务容器
+const container = Core.services;
+```
+
+### 注册服务
+
+#### 注册单例服务
+
+单例服务在首次解析时创建，之后所有解析请求都返回同一个实例：
+
+```typescript
+class DataService implements IService {
+    private data: Map<string, any> = new Map();
+
+    getData(key: string) {
+        return this.data.get(key);
+    }
+
+    setData(key: string, value: any) {
+        this.data.set(key, value);
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        this.data.clear();
+    }
+}
+
+// 注册单例服务
+Core.services.registerSingleton(DataService);
+```
+
+#### 注册瞬时服务
+
+瞬时服务每次解析都创建新实例，适用于无状态或短生命周期的服务：
+
+```typescript
+class CommandService implements IService {
+    execute(command: string) {
+        console.log(`Executing: ${command}`);
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        // 清理资源
+    }
+}
+
+// 注册瞬时服务
+Core.services.registerTransient(CommandService);
+```
+
+#### 注册服务实例
+
+直接注册已创建的实例，自动视为单例：
+
+```typescript
+const config = new ConfigService();
+config.load('./config.json');
+
+// 注册实例
+Core.services.registerInstance(ConfigService, config);
+```
+
+#### 使用工厂函数注册
+
+工厂函数允许你在创建服务时执行自定义逻辑：
+
+```typescript
+Core.services.registerSingleton(LoggerService, (container) => {
+    const logger = new LoggerService();
+    logger.setLevel('debug');
+    return logger;
+});
+```
+
+### 解析服务
+
+#### resolve 方法
+
+解析服务实例，如果服务未注册会抛出异常：
+
+```typescript
+// 解析服务
+const dataService = Core.services.resolve(DataService);
+dataService.setData('player', { name: 'Alice', score: 100 });
+
+// 单例服务，多次解析返回同一个实例
+const same = Core.services.resolve(DataService);
+console.log(same === dataService); // true
+```
+
+#### tryResolve 方法
+
+尝试解析服务，如果未注册返回 null 而不抛出异常：
+
+```typescript
+const optional = Core.services.tryResolve(OptionalService);
+if (optional) {
+    optional.doSomething();
+}
+```
+
+#### isRegistered 方法
+
+检查服务是否已注册：
+
+```typescript
+if (Core.services.isRegistered(DataService)) {
+    const service = Core.services.resolve(DataService);
+}
+```
+
+## 内置服务
+
+Core 在初始化时自动注册了以下内置服务：
+
+### TimerManager
+
+定时器管理器，负责管理所有游戏定时器：
+
+```typescript
+const timerManager = Core.services.resolve(TimerManager);
+
+// 创建定时器
+timerManager.schedule(1.0, false, null, (timer) => {
+    console.log('1秒后执行');
+});
+```
+
+### PerformanceMonitor
+
+性能监控器，监控游戏性能并提供优化建议：
+
+```typescript
+const monitor = Core.services.resolve(PerformanceMonitor);
+
+// 启用性能监控
+monitor.enable();
+
+// 获取性能数据
+const fps = monitor.getFPS();
+```
+
+### SceneManager
+
+场景管理器，管理单场景应用的场景生命周期：
+
+```typescript
+const sceneManager = Core.services.resolve(SceneManager);
+
+// 设置当前场景
+sceneManager.setScene(new GameScene());
+
+// 获取当前场景
+const currentScene = sceneManager.currentScene;
+
+// 延迟切换场景
+sceneManager.loadScene(new MenuScene());
+
+// 更新场景
+sceneManager.update();
+```
+
+### WorldManager
+
+世界管理器，管理多个独立的 World 实例（高级用例）：
+
+```typescript
+const worldManager = Core.services.resolve(WorldManager);
+
+// 创建独立的游戏世界
+const gameWorld = worldManager.createWorld('game_room_001', {
+  name: 'GameRoom',
+  maxScenes: 5
+});
+
+// 在World中创建场景
+const scene = gameWorld.createScene('battle', new BattleScene());
+gameWorld.setSceneActive('battle', true);
+
+// 更新所有World
+worldManager.updateAll();
+```
+
+**适用场景**:
+- SceneManager: 适用于 95% 的游戏（单人游戏、简单多人游戏）
+- WorldManager: 适用于 MMO 服务器、游戏房间系统等需要完全隔离的多世界应用
+
+### PoolManager
+
+对象池管理器，管理所有对象池：
+
+```typescript
+const poolManager = Core.services.resolve(PoolManager);
+
+// 创建对象池
+const bulletPool = poolManager.createPool('bullets', () => new Bullet(), 100);
+```
+
+### PluginManager
+
+插件管理器，管理插件的安装和卸载：
+
+```typescript
+const pluginManager = Core.services.resolve(PluginManager);
+
+// 获取所有已安装的插件
+const plugins = pluginManager.getAllPlugins();
+```
+
+## 依赖注入
+
+ECS Framework 提供了装饰器来简化依赖注入。
+
+### @Injectable 装饰器
+
+标记类为可注入的服务：
+
+```typescript
+import { Injectable, IService } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+@Injectable()
+class GameService implements IService {
+    constructor() {
+        console.log('GameService created');
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        console.log('GameService disposed');
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### @Inject 装饰器
+
+在构造函数中注入依赖：
+
+```typescript
+import { Injectable, Inject, IService } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+@Injectable()
+class PlayerService implements IService {
+    constructor(
+        @Inject(DataService) private data: DataService,
+        @Inject(GameService) private game: GameService
+    ) {
+        // data 和 game 会自动从容器中解析
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        // 清理资源
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 注册可注入服务
+
+使用 `registerInjectable` 自动处理依赖注入：
+
+```typescript
+import { registerInjectable } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 注册服务（会自动解析@Inject依赖）
+registerInjectable(Core.services, PlayerService);
+
+// 解析时会自动注入依赖
+const player = Core.services.resolve(PlayerService);
+```
+
+### @Updatable 装饰器
+
+标记服务为可更新的，使其在每帧自动被调用：
+
+```typescript
+import { Injectable, Updatable, IService, IUpdatable } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+@Injectable()
+@Updatable()  // 默认优先级为0
+class PhysicsService implements IService, IUpdatable {
+    update(deltaTime?: number): void {
+        // 每帧更新物理模拟
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        // 清理资源
+    }
+}
+
+// 指定更新优先级（数值越小越先执行）
+@Injectable()
+@Updatable(10)
+class RenderService implements IService, IUpdatable {
+    update(deltaTime?: number): void {
+        // 每帧渲染
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        // 清理资源
+    }
+}
+```
+
+使用 `@Updatable` 装饰器的服务会被 Core 自动调用，无需手动管理：
+
+```typescript
+// Core.update() 会自动调用所有@Updatable服务的update方法
+function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+    Core.update(deltaTime);  // 自动更新所有可更新服务
+}
+```
+
+## 自定义服务
+
+### 创建自定义服务
+
+实现 `IService` 接口并注册到容器：
+
+```typescript
+import { IService } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+class AudioService implements IService {
+    private sounds: Map<string, HTMLAudioElement> = new Map();
+
+    play(soundId: string) {
+        const sound = this.sounds.get(soundId);
+        if (sound) {
+            sound.play();
+        }
+    }
+
+    load(soundId: string, url: string) {
+        const audio = new Audio(url);
+        this.sounds.set(soundId, audio);
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        // 停止所有音效并清理
+        for (const sound of this.sounds.values()) {
+            sound.pause();
+            sound.src = '';
+        }
+        this.sounds.clear();
+    }
+}
+
+// 注册自定义服务
+Core.services.registerSingleton(AudioService);
+
+// 使用服务
+const audio = Core.services.resolve(AudioService);
+audio.load('jump', '/sounds/jump.mp3');
+audio.play('jump');
+```
+
+### 服务间依赖
+
+服务可以依赖其他服务：
+
+```typescript
+@Injectable()
+class ConfigService implements IService {
+    private config: any = {};
+
+    get(key: string) {
+        return this.config[key];
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        this.config = {};
+    }
+}
+
+@Injectable()
+class NetworkService implements IService {
+    constructor(
+        @Inject(ConfigService) private config: ConfigService
+    ) {
+        // 使用配置服务
+        const apiUrl = this.config.get('apiUrl');
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        // 清理网络连接
+    }
+}
+
+// 注册服务（按依赖顺序）
+registerInjectable(Core.services, ConfigService);
+registerInjectable(Core.services, NetworkService);
+```
+
+## 高级用法
+
+### 服务替换（测试）
+
+在测试中替换真实服务为模拟服务：
+
+```typescript
+// 测试代码
+class MockDataService implements IService {
+    getData(key: string) {
+        return 'mock data';
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {}
+}
+
+// 注册模拟服务（用于测试）
+Core.services.registerInstance(DataService, new MockDataService());
+```
+
+### 循环依赖检测
+
+服务容器会自动检测循环依赖：
+
+```typescript
+// A 依赖 B，B 依赖 A
+@Injectable()
+class ServiceA implements IService {
+    constructor(@Inject(ServiceB) b: ServiceB) {}
+    dispose(): void {}
+}
+
+@Injectable()
+class ServiceB implements IService {
+    constructor(@Inject(ServiceA) a: ServiceA) {}
+    dispose(): void {}
+}
+
+// 解析时会抛出错误: Circular dependency detected: ServiceA -> ServiceB -> ServiceA
+```
+
+### 获取所有服务
+
+```typescript
+// 获取所有已注册的服务类型
+const types = Core.services.getRegisteredServices();
+
+// 获取所有已实例化的服务实例
+const instances = Core.services.getAll();
+```
+
+### 服务清理
+
+```typescript
+// 注销单个服务
+Core.services.unregister(MyService);
+
+// 清空所有服务（会调用每个服务的dispose方法）
+Core.services.clear();
+```
+
+## 最佳实践
+
+### 服务命名
+
+服务类名应该以 `Service` 或 `Manager` 结尾，清晰表达其职责：
+
+```typescript
+class PlayerService implements IService {}
+class AudioManager implements IService {}
+class NetworkService implements IService {}
+```
+
+### 资源清理
+
+始终在 `dispose()` 方法中清理资源：
+
+```typescript
+class ResourceService implements IService {
+    private resources: Map<string, Resource> = new Map();
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        // 释放所有资源
+        for (const resource of this.resources.values()) {
+            resource.release();
+        }
+        this.resources.clear();
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 避免过度使用
+
+不要把所有类都注册为服务，服务应该是：
+
+- 全局单例或需要共享状态
+- 需要在多处使用
+- 生命周期需要管理
+- 需要依赖注入
+
+对于简单的工具类或数据类，直接创建实例即可。
+
+### 依赖方向
+
+保持清晰的依赖方向，避免循环依赖：
+
+```
+高层服务 -> 中层服务 -> 底层服务
+GameLogic -> DataService -> ConfigService
+```
+
+## 常见问题
+
+### 服务未注册错误
+
+**问题**: `Error: Service MyService is not registered`
+
+**解决**:
+```typescript
+// 确保服务已注册
+Core.services.registerSingleton(MyService);
+
+// 或者使用tryResolve
+const service = Core.services.tryResolve(MyService);
+if (!service) {
+    console.log('Service not found');
+}
+```
+
+### 循环依赖错误
+
+**问题**: `Circular dependency detected`
+
+**解决**: 重新设计服务依赖关系，引入中间服务或使用事件系统解耦。
+
+### 何时使用单例 vs 瞬时
+
+- **单例**: 管理器类、配置、缓存、状态管理
+- **瞬时**: 命令对象、请求处理器、临时任务
+
+## 相关链接
+
+- [插件系统](./plugin-system.md) - 使用服务容器注册插件服务
+- [快速开始](./getting-started.md) - Core 初始化和基础使用
+- [系统架构](./system.md) - 在系统中使用服务

docs/guide/system.md

@@ -354,14 +354,18 @@ class PerformanceSystem extends EntitySystem {
 
 ### 添加系统到场景
 
+框架提供了两种方式添加系统：传入实例或传入类型（自动依赖注入）。
+
 ```typescript
 // 在场景子类中添加系统
 class GameScene extends Scene {
   protected initialize(): void {
-    // 添加系统
+    // 方式1：传入实例
     this.addSystem(new MovementSystem());
     this.addSystem(new RenderSystem());
-    this.addSystem(new PhysicsSystem());
+
+    // 方式2：传入类型（自动依赖注入）
+    this.addEntityProcessor(PhysicsSystem);
 
     // 设置系统更新顺序
     const movementSystem = this.getSystem(MovementSystem);
@@ -372,6 +376,48 @@ class GameScene extends Scene {
 }
 ```
 
+### 系统依赖注入
+
+系统实现了 `IService` 接口，支持通过依赖注入获取其他服务或系统：
+
+```typescript
+import { ECSSystem, Injectable, Inject } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+@Injectable()
+@ECSSystem('Physics')
+class PhysicsSystem extends EntitySystem {
+  constructor(
+    @Inject(CollisionService) private collision: CollisionService
+  ) {
+    super(Matcher.all(Transform, RigidBody));
+  }
+
+  protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+    // 使用注入的服务
+    this.collision.detectCollisions(entities);
+  }
+
+  // 实现 IService 接口的 dispose 方法
+  public dispose(): void {
+    // 清理资源
+  }
+}
+
+// 使用时传入类型即可，框架会自动注入依赖
+class GameScene extends Scene {
+  protected initialize(): void {
+    // 自动依赖注入
+    this.addEntityProcessor(PhysicsSystem);
+  }
+}
+```
+
+注意事项：
+- 使用 `@Injectable()` 装饰器标记需要依赖注入的系统
+- 在构造函数参数中使用 `@Inject()` 装饰器声明依赖
+- 系统必须实现 `dispose()` 方法（IService 接口要求）
+- 使用 `addEntityProcessor(类型)` 而不是 `addSystem(new 类型())` 来启用依赖注入
+
 ### 系统更新顺序
 
 ```typescript

docs/guide/world-manager.md

@@ -0,0 +1,761 @@
+# WorldManager
+
+WorldManager 是 ECS Framework 提供的高级世界管理器，用于管理多个完全隔离的游戏世界（World）。每个 World 都是独立的 ECS 环境，可以包含多个场景。
+
+## 适用场景
+
+WorldManager 适合以下高级场景：
+- MMO 游戏服务器的多房间管理
+- 游戏大厅系统（每个游戏房间完全隔离）
+- 服务器端的多游戏实例
+- 需要完全隔离的多个游戏环境
+- 需要同时运行多个独立世界的应用
+
+## 特点
+
+- 多 World 管理，每个 World 完全独立
+- 每个 World 可以包含多个 Scene
+- 支持 World 的激活/停用
+- 自动清理空 World
+- World 级别的全局系统
+- 批量操作和查询
+
+## 基本使用
+
+### 初始化
+
+WorldManager 是 Core 的内置服务，通过服务容器获取：
+
+```typescript
+import { Core, WorldManager } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 初始化 Core
+Core.create({ debug: true });
+
+// 从服务容器获取 WorldManager（Core 已自动创建并注册）
+const worldManager = Core.services.resolve(WorldManager);
+```
+
+### 创建 World
+
+```typescript
+// 创建游戏房间 World
+const room1 = worldManager.createWorld('room_001', {
+  name: 'GameRoom_001',
+  maxScenes: 5,
+  debug: true
+});
+
+// 激活 World
+worldManager.setWorldActive('room_001', true);
+
+// 创建更多房间
+const room2 = worldManager.createWorld('room_002', {
+  name: 'GameRoom_002',
+  maxScenes: 5
+});
+
+worldManager.setWorldActive('room_002', true);
+```
+
+### 游戏循环
+
+在游戏循环中更新所有活跃的 World：
+
+```typescript
+function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+  Core.update(deltaTime);        // 更新全局服务
+  worldManager.updateAll();      // 更新所有活跃的 World
+}
+
+// 启动游戏循环
+let lastTime = 0;
+setInterval(() => {
+  const currentTime = Date.now();
+  const deltaTime = (currentTime - lastTime) / 1000;
+  lastTime = currentTime;
+
+  gameLoop(deltaTime);
+}, 16); // 60 FPS
+```
+
+## World 管理
+
+### 创建 World
+
+```typescript
+// 基本创建
+const world = worldManager.createWorld('worldId');
+
+// 带配置创建
+const world = worldManager.createWorld('worldId', {
+  name: 'MyWorld',
+  maxScenes: 10,
+  autoCleanup: true,
+  debug: true
+});
+```
+
+**配置选项（IWorldConfig）**：
+- `name?: string` - World 名称
+- `maxScenes?: number` - 最大场景数量限制（默认 10）
+- `autoCleanup?: boolean` - 是否自动清理空场景（默认 true）
+- `debug?: boolean` - 是否启用调试模式（默认 false）
+
+### 获取 World
+
+```typescript
+// 通过 ID 获取
+const world = worldManager.getWorld('room_001');
+if (world) {
+  console.log(`World: ${world.name}`);
+}
+
+// 获取所有 World
+const allWorlds = worldManager.getAllWorlds();
+console.log(`共有 ${allWorlds.length} 个 World`);
+
+// 获取所有 World ID
+const worldIds = worldManager.getWorldIds();
+console.log('World 列表:', worldIds);
+
+// 通过名称查找
+const world = worldManager.findWorldByName('GameRoom_001');
+```
+
+### 激活和停用 World
+
+```typescript
+// 激活 World（开始运行和更新）
+worldManager.setWorldActive('room_001', true);
+
+// 停用 World（停止更新但保留数据）
+worldManager.setWorldActive('room_001', false);
+
+// 检查 World 是否激活
+if (worldManager.isWorldActive('room_001')) {
+  console.log('房间正在运行');
+}
+
+// 获取所有活跃的 World
+const activeWorlds = worldManager.getActiveWorlds();
+console.log(`当前有 ${activeWorlds.length} 个活跃 World`);
+```
+
+### 移除 World
+
+```typescript
+// 移除 World（会自动停用并销毁）
+const removed = worldManager.removeWorld('room_001');
+if (removed) {
+  console.log('World 已移除');
+}
+```
+
+## World 中的场景管理
+
+每个 World 可以包含多个 Scene 并独立管理它们的生命周期。
+
+### 创建场景
+
+```typescript
+const world = worldManager.getWorld('room_001');
+if (!world) return;
+
+// 创建场景
+const mainScene = world.createScene('main', new MainScene());
+const uiScene = world.createScene('ui', new UIScene());
+const hudScene = world.createScene('hud', new HUDScene());
+
+// 激活场景
+world.setSceneActive('main', true);
+world.setSceneActive('ui', true);
+world.setSceneActive('hud', false);
+```
+
+### 查询场景
+
+```typescript
+// 获取特定场景
+const mainScene = world.getScene<MainScene>('main');
+if (mainScene) {
+  console.log(`场景名称: ${mainScene.name}`);
+}
+
+// 获取所有场景
+const allScenes = world.getAllScenes();
+console.log(`World 中共有 ${allScenes.length} 个场景`);
+
+// 获取所有场景 ID
+const sceneIds = world.getSceneIds();
+console.log('场景列表:', sceneIds);
+
+// 获取活跃场景数量
+const activeCount = world.getActiveSceneCount();
+console.log(`当前有 ${activeCount} 个活跃场景`);
+
+// 检查场景是否激活
+if (world.isSceneActive('main')) {
+  console.log('主场景正在运行');
+}
+```
+
+### 场景切换
+
+World 支持多场景同时运行，也支持场景切换：
+
+```typescript
+class GameWorld {
+  private world: World;
+
+  constructor(worldManager: WorldManager) {
+    this.world = worldManager.createWorld('game', {
+      name: 'GameWorld',
+      maxScenes: 5
+    });
+
+    // 创建所有场景
+    this.world.createScene('menu', new MenuScene());
+    this.world.createScene('game', new GameScene());
+    this.world.createScene('pause', new PauseScene());
+    this.world.createScene('gameover', new GameOverScene());
+
+    // 激活 World
+    worldManager.setWorldActive('game', true);
+  }
+
+  public showMenu(): void {
+    this.deactivateAllScenes();
+    this.world.setSceneActive('menu', true);
+  }
+
+  public startGame(): void {
+    this.deactivateAllScenes();
+    this.world.setSceneActive('game', true);
+  }
+
+  public pauseGame(): void {
+    // 游戏场景继续存在但停止更新
+    this.world.setSceneActive('game', false);
+    // 显示暂停界面
+    this.world.setSceneActive('pause', true);
+  }
+
+  public resumeGame(): void {
+    this.world.setSceneActive('pause', false);
+    this.world.setSceneActive('game', true);
+  }
+
+  public showGameOver(): void {
+    this.deactivateAllScenes();
+    this.world.setSceneActive('gameover', true);
+  }
+
+  private deactivateAllScenes(): void {
+    const sceneIds = this.world.getSceneIds();
+    sceneIds.forEach(id => this.world.setSceneActive(id, false));
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 移除场景
+
+```typescript
+// 移除不再需要的场景
+const removed = world.removeScene('oldScene');
+if (removed) {
+  console.log('场景已移除');
+}
+
+// 场景会自动调用 end() 方法进行清理
+```
+
+## 全局系统
+
+World 支持全局系统，这些系统在 World 级别运行，不依赖特定 Scene。
+
+### 定义全局系统
+
+```typescript
+import { IGlobalSystem } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 网络系统（World 级别）
+class NetworkSystem implements IGlobalSystem {
+  readonly name = 'NetworkSystem';
+
+  private connectionId: string;
+
+  constructor(connectionId: string) {
+    this.connectionId = connectionId;
+  }
+
+  initialize(): void {
+    console.log(`网络系统初始化: ${this.connectionId}`);
+    // 建立网络连接
+  }
+
+  update(deltaTime?: number): void {
+    // 处理网络消息，不依赖任何 Scene
+    // 接收和发送网络包
+  }
+
+  destroy(): void {
+    console.log(`网络系统销毁: ${this.connectionId}`);
+    // 关闭网络连接
+  }
+}
+
+// 物理系统（World 级别）
+class PhysicsSystem implements IGlobalSystem {
+  readonly name = 'PhysicsSystem';
+
+  initialize(): void {
+    console.log('物理系统初始化');
+  }
+
+  update(deltaTime?: number): void {
+    // 物理模拟，作用于 World 中所有场景
+  }
+
+  destroy(): void {
+    console.log('物理系统销毁');
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 使用全局系统
+
+```typescript
+const world = worldManager.getWorld('room_001');
+if (!world) return;
+
+// 添加全局系统
+const networkSystem = world.addGlobalSystem(new NetworkSystem('conn_001'));
+const physicsSystem = world.addGlobalSystem(new PhysicsSystem());
+
+// 获取全局系统
+const network = world.getGlobalSystem(NetworkSystem);
+if (network) {
+  console.log('找到网络系统');
+}
+
+// 移除全局系统
+world.removeGlobalSystem(networkSystem);
+```
+
+## 批量操作
+
+### 更新所有 World
+
+```typescript
+// 更新所有活跃的 World（应该在游戏循环中调用）
+worldManager.updateAll();
+
+// 这会自动更新每个 World 的：
+// 1. 全局系统
+// 2. 所有活跃场景
+```
+
+### 启动和停止
+
+```typescript
+// 启动所有 World
+worldManager.startAll();
+
+// 停止所有 World
+worldManager.stopAll();
+
+// 检查是否正在运行
+if (worldManager.isRunning) {
+  console.log('WorldManager 正在运行');
+}
+```
+
+### 查找 World
+
+```typescript
+// 使用条件查找
+const emptyWorlds = worldManager.findWorlds(world => {
+  return world.sceneCount === 0;
+});
+
+// 查找活跃的 World
+const activeWorlds = worldManager.findWorlds(world => {
+  return world.isActive;
+});
+
+// 查找特定名称的 World
+const world = worldManager.findWorldByName('GameRoom_001');
+```
+
+## 统计和监控
+
+### 获取统计信息
+
+```typescript
+const stats = worldManager.getStats();
+
+console.log(`总 World 数: ${stats.totalWorlds}`);
+console.log(`活跃 World 数: ${stats.activeWorlds}`);
+console.log(`总场景数: ${stats.totalScenes}`);
+console.log(`总实体数: ${stats.totalEntities}`);
+console.log(`总系统数: ${stats.totalSystems}`);
+
+// 查看每个 World 的详细信息
+stats.worlds.forEach(worldInfo => {
+  console.log(`World: ${worldInfo.name}`);
+  console.log(`  场景数: ${worldInfo.sceneCount}`);
+  console.log(`  是否活跃: ${worldInfo.isActive}`);
+});
+```
+
+### 获取详细状态
+
+```typescript
+const status = worldManager.getDetailedStatus();
+
+// 包含所有 World 的详细状态
+status.worlds.forEach(worldStatus => {
+  console.log(`World ID: ${worldStatus.id}`);
+  console.log(`状态:`, worldStatus.status);
+});
+```
+
+## 自动清理
+
+WorldManager 支持自动清理空的 World。
+
+### 配置清理
+
+```typescript
+// 创建带清理配置的 WorldManager
+const worldManager = Core.services.resolve(WorldManager);
+
+// WorldManager 的配置在 Core 中设置：
+// {
+//   maxWorlds: 50,
+//   autoCleanup: true,
+//   cleanupInterval: 30000  // 30 秒
+// }
+```
+
+### 手动清理
+
+```typescript
+// 手动触发清理
+const cleanedCount = worldManager.cleanup();
+console.log(`清理了 ${cleanedCount} 个 World`);
+```
+
+**清理条件**：
+- World 未激活
+- 没有 Scene 或所有 Scene 都是空的
+- 创建时间超过 10 分钟
+
+## API 参考
+
+### WorldManager API
+
+| 方法 | 说明 |
+|------|------|
+| `createWorld(worldId, config?)` | 创建新 World |
+| `removeWorld(worldId)` | 移除 World |
+| `getWorld(worldId)` | 获取 World |
+| `getAllWorlds()` | 获取所有 World |
+| `getWorldIds()` | 获取所有 World ID |
+| `setWorldActive(worldId, active)` | 设置 World 激活状态 |
+| `isWorldActive(worldId)` | 检查 World 是否激活 |
+| `getActiveWorlds()` | 获取所有活跃的 World |
+| `updateAll()` | 更新所有活跃 World |
+| `startAll()` | 启动所有 World |
+| `stopAll()` | 停止所有 World |
+| `findWorlds(predicate)` | 查找满足条件的 World |
+| `findWorldByName(name)` | 根据名称查找 World |
+| `getStats()` | 获取统计信息 |
+| `getDetailedStatus()` | 获取详细状态信息 |
+| `cleanup()` | 清理空 World |
+| `destroy()` | 销毁 WorldManager |
+
+### World API
+
+| 方法 | 说明 |
+|------|------|
+| `createScene(sceneId, sceneInstance?)` | 创建并添加 Scene |
+| `removeScene(sceneId)` | 移除 Scene |
+| `getScene(sceneId)` | 获取 Scene |
+| `getAllScenes()` | 获取所有 Scene |
+| `getSceneIds()` | 获取所有 Scene ID |
+| `setSceneActive(sceneId, active)` | 设置 Scene 激活状态 |
+| `isSceneActive(sceneId)` | 检查 Scene 是否激活 |
+| `getActiveSceneCount()` | 获取活跃 Scene 数量 |
+| `addGlobalSystem(system)` | 添加全局系统 |
+| `removeGlobalSystem(system)` | 移除全局系统 |
+| `getGlobalSystem(type)` | 获取全局系统 |
+| `start()` | 启动 World |
+| `stop()` | 停止 World |
+| `updateGlobalSystems()` | 更新全局系统 |
+| `updateScenes()` | 更新所有激活 Scene |
+| `destroy()` | 销毁 World |
+| `getStatus()` | 获取 World 状态 |
+| `getStats()` | 获取统计信息 |
+
+### 属性
+
+| 属性 | 说明 |
+|------|------|
+| `worldCount` | World 总数 |
+| `activeWorldCount` | 活跃 World 数量 |
+| `isRunning` | 是否正在运行 |
+| `config` | 配置信息 |
+
+## 完整示例
+
+### MMO 游戏房间系统
+
+```typescript
+import { Core, WorldManager, Scene, World } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// 初始化
+Core.create({ debug: true });
+const worldManager = Core.services.resolve(WorldManager);
+
+// 房间管理器
+class RoomManager {
+  private worldManager: WorldManager;
+  private rooms: Map<string, World> = new Map();
+
+  constructor(worldManager: WorldManager) {
+    this.worldManager = worldManager;
+  }
+
+  // 创建游戏房间
+  public createRoom(roomId: string, maxPlayers: number): World {
+    const world = this.worldManager.createWorld(roomId, {
+      name: `Room_${roomId}`,
+      maxScenes: 3,
+      debug: true
+    });
+
+    // 创建房间场景
+    world.createScene('lobby', new LobbyScene());
+    world.createScene('game', new GameScene());
+    world.createScene('result', new ResultScene());
+
+    // 添加房间级别的系统
+    world.addGlobalSystem(new NetworkSystem(roomId));
+    world.addGlobalSystem(new RoomLogicSystem(maxPlayers));
+
+    // 激活 World 和初始场景
+    this.worldManager.setWorldActive(roomId, true);
+    world.setSceneActive('lobby', true);
+
+    this.rooms.set(roomId, world);
+    console.log(`房间 ${roomId} 已创建`);
+
+    return world;
+  }
+
+  // 玩家加入房间
+  public joinRoom(roomId: string, playerId: string): boolean {
+    const world = this.rooms.get(roomId);
+    if (!world) {
+      console.log(`房间 ${roomId} 不存在`);
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    // 在大厅场景中创建玩家实体
+    const lobbyScene = world.getScene('lobby');
+    if (lobbyScene) {
+      const player = lobbyScene.createEntity(`Player_${playerId}`);
+      // 添加玩家组件...
+      console.log(`玩家 ${playerId} 加入房间 ${roomId}`);
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // 开始游戏
+  public startGame(roomId: string): void {
+    const world = this.rooms.get(roomId);
+    if (!world) return;
+
+    // 切换到游戏场景
+    world.setSceneActive('lobby', false);
+    world.setSceneActive('game', true);
+
+    console.log(`房间 ${roomId} 游戏开始`);
+  }
+
+  // 结束游戏
+  public endGame(roomId: string): void {
+    const world = this.rooms.get(roomId);
+    if (!world) return;
+
+    // 切换到结果场景
+    world.setSceneActive('game', false);
+    world.setSceneActive('result', true);
+
+    console.log(`房间 ${roomId} 游戏结束`);
+  }
+
+  // 关闭房间
+  public closeRoom(roomId: string): void {
+    this.worldManager.removeWorld(roomId);
+    this.rooms.delete(roomId);
+    console.log(`房间 ${roomId} 已关闭`);
+  }
+
+  // 获取房间列表
+  public getRoomList(): string[] {
+    return Array.from(this.rooms.keys());
+  }
+
+  // 获取房间统计
+  public getRoomStats(roomId: string) {
+    const world = this.rooms.get(roomId);
+    return world?.getStats();
+  }
+}
+
+// 使用房间管理器
+const roomManager = new RoomManager(worldManager);
+
+// 创建多个游戏房间
+roomManager.createRoom('room_001', 4);
+roomManager.createRoom('room_002', 4);
+roomManager.createRoom('room_003', 2);
+
+// 玩家加入
+roomManager.joinRoom('room_001', 'player_1');
+roomManager.joinRoom('room_001', 'player_2');
+
+// 开始游戏
+roomManager.startGame('room_001');
+
+// 游戏循环
+function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+  Core.update(deltaTime);
+  worldManager.updateAll();  // 更新所有房间
+}
+
+// 定期清理空房间
+setInterval(() => {
+  const stats = worldManager.getStats();
+  console.log(`当前房间数: ${stats.totalWorlds}`);
+  console.log(`活跃房间数: ${stats.activeWorlds}`);
+
+  worldManager.cleanup();
+}, 60000); // 每分钟清理一次
+```
+
+## 最佳实践
+
+### 1. 合理的 World 粒度
+
+```typescript
+// 推荐：每个独立环境一个 World
+const room1 = worldManager.createWorld('room_1');  // 游戏房间1
+const room2 = worldManager.createWorld('room_2');  // 游戏房间2
+
+// 不推荐：过度使用 World
+const world1 = worldManager.createWorld('ui');     // UI 不需要独立 World
+const world2 = worldManager.createWorld('menu');   // 菜单不需要独立 World
+```
+
+### 2. 使用全局系统处理跨场景逻辑
+
+```typescript
+// 推荐：World 级别的系统
+class NetworkSystem implements IGlobalSystem {
+  update() {
+    // 网络处理不依赖场景
+  }
+}
+
+// 不推荐：在每个场景中重复创建
+class GameScene extends Scene {
+  initialize() {
+    this.addSystem(new NetworkSystem());  // 不应该在场景级别
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 3. 及时清理不用的 World
+
+```typescript
+// 推荐：玩家离开时清理房间
+function onPlayerLeave(roomId: string) {
+  const world = worldManager.getWorld(roomId);
+  if (world && world.sceneCount === 0) {
+    worldManager.removeWorld(roomId);
+  }
+}
+
+// 或使用自动清理
+worldManager.cleanup();
+```
+
+### 4. 监控资源使用
+
+```typescript
+// 定期检查资源使用情况
+setInterval(() => {
+  const stats = worldManager.getStats();
+
+  if (stats.totalWorlds > 100) {
+    console.warn('World 数量过多，考虑清理');
+    worldManager.cleanup();
+  }
+
+  if (stats.totalEntities > 10000) {
+    console.warn('实体数量过多，检查是否有泄漏');
+  }
+}, 30000);
+```
+
+## 与 SceneManager 的对比
+
+| 特性 | SceneManager | WorldManager |
+|------|--------------|--------------|
+| 适用场景 | 95% 的游戏应用 | 高级多世界隔离场景 |
+| 复杂度 | 简单 | 复杂 |
+| 场景数量 | 单场景（可切换） | 多 World，每个 World 多场景 |
+| 场景隔离 | 无（场景切换） | 完全隔离（每个 World 独立） |
+| 性能开销 | 最小 | 较高 |
+| 全局系统 | 无 | 支持（World 级别） |
+| 使用示例 | 单人游戏、移动游戏 | MMO 服务器、游戏房间系统 |
+
+**何时使用 WorldManager**：
+- MMO 游戏服务器（每个房间一个 World）
+- 游戏大厅系统（每个游戏房间完全隔离）
+- 需要运行多个完全独立的游戏实例
+- 服务器端模拟多个游戏世界
+
+**何时使用 SceneManager**：
+- 单人游戏
+- 简单的多人游戏
+- 移动游戏
+- 场景之间需要切换但不需要同时运行
+
+## 架构层次
+
+WorldManager 在 ECS Framework 中的位置：
+
+```
+Core (全局服务)
+  └── WorldManager (世界管理)
+      ├── World 1 (游戏房间1)
+      │   ├── GlobalSystem (全局系统)
+      │   ├── Scene 1 (场景1)
+      │   │   ├── EntitySystem
+      │   │   ├── Entity
+      │   │   └── Component
+      │   └── Scene 2 (场景2)
+      ├── World 2 (游戏房间2)
+      │   ├── GlobalSystem
+      │   └── Scene 1
+      └── World 3 (游戏房间3)
+```
+
+WorldManager 为需要多世界隔离的高级应用提供了强大的管理能力。如果你的应用不需要多世界隔离，建议使用更简单的 [SceneManager](./scene-manager.md)。

examples/core-demos/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,483 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="zh-CN">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <title>ECS Framework Core Demos</title>
+    <style>
+        * {
+            margin: 0;
+            padding: 0;
+            box-sizing: border-box;
+        }
+
+        body {
+            font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
+            background: #0f0f23;
+            color: #e0e0e0;
+            overflow: hidden;
+            height: 100vh;
+        }
+
+        .app-container {
+            display: flex;
+            height: 100vh;
+        }
+
+        /* 侧边栏 */
+        .sidebar {
+            width: 280px;
+            background: linear-gradient(180deg, #1a1a2e 0%, #16213e 100%);
+            border-right: 2px solid #0a3d62;
+            display: flex;
+            flex-direction: column;
+            box-shadow: 4px 0 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
+        }
+
+        .sidebar-header {
+            padding: 30px 20px;
+            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+
+        .sidebar-header h1 {
+            font-size: 1.5em;
+            color: white;
+            margin-bottom: 8px;
+            text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
+        }
+
+        .sidebar-header p {
+            font-size: 0.85em;
+            color: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);
+            font-weight: 300;
+        }
+
+        .demo-list {
+            flex: 1;
+            overflow-y: auto;
+            padding: 15px 0;
+        }
+
+        .demo-category {
+            margin-bottom: 10px;
+        }
+
+        .category-title {
+            padding: 12px 20px;
+            color: #8892b0;
+            font-size: 11px;
+            font-weight: 700;
+            text-transform: uppercase;
+            letter-spacing: 1px;
+        }
+
+        .demo-item {
+            padding: 14px 20px;
+            cursor: pointer;
+            transition: all 0.2s ease;
+            border-left: 3px solid transparent;
+            display: flex;
+            align-items: center;
+            gap: 12px;
+        }
+
+        .demo-item:hover {
+            background: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.1);
+            border-left-color: #667eea;
+        }
+
+        .demo-item.active {
+            background: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
+            border-left-color: #667eea;
+        }
+
+        .demo-icon {
+            font-size: 20px;
+            width: 24px;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+
+        .demo-info {
+            flex: 1;
+        }
+
+        .demo-name {
+            font-size: 14px;
+            font-weight: 500;
+            color: #ccd6f6;
+            margin-bottom: 2px;
+        }
+
+        .demo-item.active .demo-name {
+            color: #667eea;
+            font-weight: 600;
+        }
+
+        .demo-desc {
+            font-size: 11px;
+            color: #8892b0;
+            line-height: 1.3;
+        }
+
+        .sidebar-footer {
+            padding: 20px;
+            border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+
+        .github-link {
+            display: inline-flex;
+            align-items: center;
+            gap: 8px;
+            padding: 10px 20px;
+            background: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
+            color: #667eea;
+            text-decoration: none;
+            border-radius: 6px;
+            font-size: 13px;
+            font-weight: 500;
+            transition: all 0.2s;
+        }
+
+        .github-link:hover {
+            background: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
+            transform: translateY(-2px);
+        }
+
+        /* 主内容区 */
+        .main-content {
+            flex: 1;
+            display: flex;
+            flex-direction: column;
+            overflow: hidden;
+        }
+
+        .content-header {
+            padding: 25px 40px;
+            background: #1a1a2e;
+            border-bottom: 2px solid #0a3d62;
+        }
+
+        .content-header h2 {
+            font-size: 2em;
+            color: #ccd6f6;
+            margin-bottom: 8px;
+        }
+
+        .content-header p {
+            color: #8892b0;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            line-height: 1.6;
+        }
+
+        .demo-canvas-container {
+            flex: 1;
+            position: relative;
+            overflow: hidden;
+            background: #0a0a15;
+        }
+
+        #demoCanvas {
+            position: absolute;
+            top: 0;
+            left: 0;
+            width: 100%;
+            height: 100%;
+        }
+
+        /* 控制面板 */
+        .control-panel {
+            position: absolute;
+            top: 20px;
+            right: 20px;
+            width: 320px;
+            background: rgba(26, 26, 46, 0.95);
+            border-radius: 12px;
+            border: 1px solid rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
+            box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
+            backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
+            max-height: calc(100% - 40px);
+            overflow-y: auto;
+        }
+
+        .control-panel-header {
+            padding: 15px 20px;
+            background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2) 0%, rgba(118, 75, 162, 0.2) 100%);
+            border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
+            border-radius: 12px 12px 0 0;
+        }
+
+        .control-panel-header h3 {
+            color: #667eea;
+            font-size: 16px;
+            font-weight: 600;
+        }
+
+        .control-panel-content {
+            padding: 20px;
+        }
+
+        .control-section {
+            margin-bottom: 20px;
+        }
+
+        .control-section:last-child {
+            margin-bottom: 0;
+        }
+
+        .control-section h4 {
+            color: #8892b0;
+            font-size: 12px;
+            text-transform: uppercase;
+            letter-spacing: 1px;
+            margin-bottom: 12px;
+            font-weight: 600;
+        }
+
+        .button-group {
+            display: flex;
+            flex-direction: column;
+            gap: 8px;
+        }
+
+        button {
+            padding: 10px 16px;
+            border: none;
+            border-radius: 6px;
+            font-size: 13px;
+            font-weight: 500;
+            cursor: pointer;
+            transition: all 0.2s;
+            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
+            color: white;
+        }
+
+        button:hover {
+            transform: translateY(-1px);
+            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
+        }
+
+        button:active {
+            transform: translateY(0);
+        }
+
+        button.secondary {
+            background: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
+            color: #667eea;
+        }
+
+        button.secondary:hover {
+            background: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
+        }
+
+        button.danger {
+            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f093fb 0%, #f5576c 100%);
+        }
+
+        button.success {
+            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #11998e 0%, #38ef7d 100%);
+        }
+
+        .input-group {
+            margin-bottom: 12px;
+        }
+
+        .input-group label {
+            display: block;
+            color: #8892b0;
+            font-size: 12px;
+            margin-bottom: 6px;
+            font-weight: 500;
+        }
+
+        .input-group input {
+            width: 100%;
+            padding: 8px 12px;
+            background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05);
+            border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
+            border-radius: 6px;
+            color: #ccd6f6;
+            font-size: 13px;
+            transition: all 0.2s;
+        }
+
+        .input-group input:focus {
+            outline: none;
+            border-color: #667eea;
+            background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
+        }
+
+        /* 统计信息 */
+        .stats-panel {
+            display: grid;
+            grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
+            gap: 10px;
+            margin-top: 15px;
+        }
+
+        .stat-item {
+            background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
+            padding: 12px;
+            border-radius: 6px;
+            border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.05);
+        }
+
+        .stat-label {
+            color: #8892b0;
+            font-size: 11px;
+            text-transform: uppercase;
+            letter-spacing: 0.5px;
+            margin-bottom: 4px;
+        }
+
+        .stat-value {
+            color: #667eea;
+            font-size: 20px;
+            font-weight: 700;
+        }
+
+        /* Toast通知 */
+        .toast {
+            position: fixed;
+            bottom: 30px;
+            right: 30px;
+            background: rgba(26, 26, 46, 0.98);
+            border: 1px solid #667eea;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            padding: 15px 20px;
+            box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
+            transform: translateY(150%);
+            transition: transform 0.3s ease;
+            z-index: 1000;
+            min-width: 280px;
+        }
+
+        .toast.show {
+            transform: translateY(0);
+        }
+
+        .toast-content {
+            display: flex;
+            align-items: center;
+            gap: 12px;
+        }
+
+        .toast-icon {
+            font-size: 20px;
+        }
+
+        .toast-message {
+            color: #ccd6f6;
+            font-size: 14px;
+        }
+
+        /* 滚动条样式 */
+        ::-webkit-scrollbar {
+            width: 8px;
+            height: 8px;
+        }
+
+        ::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
+            background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05);
+        }
+
+        ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
+            background: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.5);
+            border-radius: 4px;
+        }
+
+        ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
+            background: rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.7);
+        }
+
+        /* 加载动画 */
+        .loading {
+            position: absolute;
+            top: 50%;
+            left: 50%;
+            transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+
+        .loading-spinner {
+            width: 50px;
+            height: 50px;
+            border: 4px solid rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.2);
+            border-top-color: #667eea;
+            border-radius: 50%;
+            animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
+        }
+
+        @keyframes spin {
+            to { transform: rotate(360deg); }
+        }
+
+        .loading-text {
+            margin-top: 15px;
+            color: #8892b0;
+            font-size: 14px;
+        }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+    <div class="app-container">
+        <!-- 侧边栏 -->
+        <div class="sidebar">
+            <div class="sidebar-header">
+                <h1>🎮 ECS Core Demos</h1>
+                <p>交互式演示集合</p>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="demo-list" id="demoList">
+                <!-- Demo列表将通过JS动态生成 -->
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="sidebar-footer">
+                <a href="https://github.com/esengine/ecs-framework" target="_blank" class="github-link">
+                    <span>⭐</span>
+                    <span>GitHub</span>
+                </a>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <!-- 主内容区 -->
+        <div class="main-content">
+            <div class="content-header">
+                <h2 id="demoTitle">选择一个演示开始</h2>
+                <p id="demoDescription">从左侧菜单选择一个演示查看效果</p>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="demo-canvas-container">
+                <canvas id="demoCanvas"></canvas>
+
+                <!-- 控制面板 -->
+                <div class="control-panel" id="controlPanel" style="display: none;">
+                    <div class="control-panel-header">
+                        <h3>控制面板</h3>
+                    </div>
+                    <div class="control-panel-content" id="controlPanelContent">
+                        <!-- 控制内容将由各个demo动态生成 -->
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+
+                <!-- 加载动画 -->
+                <div class="loading" id="loading" style="display: none;">
+                    <div class="loading-spinner"></div>
+                    <div class="loading-text">加载中...</div>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <!-- Toast通知 -->
+    <div class="toast" id="toast">
+        <div class="toast-content">
+            <span class="toast-icon">✅</span>
+            <span class="toast-message" id="toastMessage"></span>
+        </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <script type="module" src="src/main.ts"></script>
+</body>
+</html>

examples/core-demos/package-lock.json

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 {
-  "name": "ecs-worker-system-demo",
+  "name": "ecs-core-demos",
   "version": "1.0.0",
   "lockfileVersion": 3,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
-      "name": "ecs-worker-system-demo",
+      "name": "ecs-core-demos",
       "version": "1.0.0",
       "dependencies": {
         "@esengine/ecs-framework": "file:../../packages/core"
@@ -17,8 +17,11 @@
     },
     "../../packages/core": {
       "name": "@esengine/ecs-framework",
-      "version": "2.1.49",
+      "version": "2.1.51",
       "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "msgpack-lite": "^0.1.26"
+      },
       "devDependencies": {
         "@babel/core": "^7.28.3",
         "@babel/plugin-transform-nullish-coalescing-operator": "^7.27.1",
@@ -29,6 +32,7 @@
         "@rollup/plugin-node-resolve": "^16.0.1",
         "@rollup/plugin-terser": "^0.4.4",
         "@types/jest": "^29.5.14",
+        "@types/msgpack-lite": "^0.1.11",
         "@types/node": "^20.19.17",
         "jest": "^29.7.0",
         "jest-environment-jsdom": "^29.7.0",
@@ -553,9 +557,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/typescript": {
-      "version": "5.9.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/typescript/-/typescript-5.9.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-CWBzXQrc/qOkhidw1OzBTQuYRbfyxDXJMVJ1XNwUHGROVmuaeiEm3OslpZ1RV96d7SKKjZKrSJu3+t/xlw3R9A==",
+      "version": "5.9.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/typescript/-/typescript-5.9.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-jl1vZzPDinLr9eUt3J/t7V6FgNEw9QjvBPdysz9KfQDD41fQrC2Y4vKQdiaUpFT4bXlb1RHhLpp8wtm6M5TgSw==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "Apache-2.0",
       "bin": {

examples/core-demos/package.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
-  "name": "ecs-worker-system-demo",
+  "name": "ecs-core-demos",
   "version": "1.0.0",
-  "description": "ECS Framework Worker System Demo",
+  "description": "ECS Framework Core Demos - Multiple Interactive Examples",
   "main": "src/main.ts",
   "scripts": {
     "dev": "vite",
@@ -15,4 +15,4 @@
   "dependencies": {
     "@esengine/ecs-framework": "file:../../packages/core"
   }
-}
+}

examples/core-demos/src/demos/DemoBase.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import { Scene, Core } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+export interface DemoInfo {
+    id: string;
+    name: string;
+    description: string;
+    category: string;
+    icon: string;
+}
+
+export abstract class DemoBase {
+    protected scene: Scene;
+    protected canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
+    protected ctx: CanvasRenderingContext2D;
+    protected controlPanel: HTMLElement;
+    protected isRunning: boolean = false;
+    protected animationFrameId: number | null = null;
+    protected lastTime: number = 0;
+
+    constructor(canvas: HTMLCanvasElement, controlPanel: HTMLElement) {
+        this.canvas = canvas;
+        this.ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')!;
+        this.controlPanel = controlPanel;
+        this.scene = new Scene({ name: this.getInfo().name });
+
+        // 设置canvas大小
+        this.resizeCanvas();
+        window.addEventListener('resize', () => this.resizeCanvas());
+    }
+
+    abstract getInfo(): DemoInfo;
+    abstract setup(): void;
+    abstract createControls(): void;
+
+    protected resizeCanvas() {
+        const rect = this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
+        this.canvas.width = rect.width;
+        this.canvas.height = rect.height;
+    }
+
+    public start() {
+        if (this.isRunning) return;
+        this.isRunning = true;
+        this.lastTime = performance.now();
+
+        // 设置当前场景到Core
+        Core.setScene(this.scene);
+
+        this.scene.begin();
+        this.loop();
+    }
+
+    public stop() {
+        this.isRunning = false;
+        if (this.animationFrameId !== null) {
+            cancelAnimationFrame(this.animationFrameId);
+            this.animationFrameId = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public destroy() {
+        this.stop();
+        this.scene.end();
+    }
+
+    protected loop = () => {
+        if (!this.isRunning) return;
+
+        // 计算deltaTime
+        const currentTime = performance.now();
+        const deltaTime = (currentTime - this.lastTime) / 1000; // 转换为秒
+        this.lastTime = currentTime;
+
+        // 更新ECS框架
+        Core.update(deltaTime);
+
+        // 渲染
+        this.render();
+
+        // 继续循环
+        this.animationFrameId = requestAnimationFrame(this.loop);
+    }
+
+    protected abstract render(): void;
+
+    protected showToast(message: string, icon: string = '✅') {
+        const toast = document.getElementById('toast')!;
+        const toastMessage = document.getElementById('toastMessage')!;
+        const toastIcon = toast.querySelector('.toast-icon')!;
+
+        toastIcon.textContent = icon;
+        toastMessage.textContent = message;
+
+        toast.classList.add('show');
+        setTimeout(() => {
+            toast.classList.remove('show');
+        }, 3000);
+    }
+}

examples/core-demos/src/demos/IncrementalSerializationDemo.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+import { DemoBase, DemoInfo } from './DemoBase';
+import {
+    Component,
+    ECSComponent,
+    Entity,
+    EntitySystem,
+    Matcher,
+    Serializable,
+    Serialize,
+    IncrementalSerializer
+} from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// ===== 组件定义 =====
+@ECSComponent('IncDemo_Position')
+@Serializable({ version: 1, typeId: 'IncDemo_Position' })
+class PositionComponent extends Component {
+    @Serialize() x: number = 0;
+    @Serialize() y: number = 0;
+    constructor(x: number = 0, y: number = 0) {
+        super();
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+}
+
+@ECSComponent('IncDemo_Velocity')
+@Serializable({ version: 1, typeId: 'IncDemo_Velocity' })
+class VelocityComponent extends Component {
+    @Serialize() vx: number = 0;
+    @Serialize() vy: number = 0;
+    constructor(vx: number = 0, vy: number = 0) {
+        super();
+        this.vx = vx;
+        this.vy = vy;
+    }
+}
+
+@ECSComponent('IncDemo_Renderable')
+@Serializable({ version: 1, typeId: 'IncDemo_Renderable' })
+class RenderableComponent extends Component {
+    @Serialize() color: string = '#ffffff';
+    @Serialize() radius: number = 10;
+    constructor(color: string = '#ffffff', radius: number = 10) {
+        super();
+        this.color = color;
+        this.radius = radius;
+    }
+}
+
+// ===== 系统定义 =====
+class MovementSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(Matcher.all(PositionComponent, VelocityComponent));
+    }
+
+    protected override process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            const [pos, vel] = this.getComponents(entity, PositionComponent, VelocityComponent);
+
+            pos.x += vel.vx;
+            pos.y += vel.vy;
+
+            if (pos.x < 0 || pos.x > 1200) vel.vx *= -1;
+            if (pos.y < 0 || pos.y > 600) vel.vy *= -1;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class RenderSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    private canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
+    private ctx: CanvasRenderingContext2D;
+
+    constructor(canvas: HTMLCanvasElement) {
+        super(Matcher.all(PositionComponent, RenderableComponent));
+        this.canvas = canvas;
+        const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
+        if (!ctx) throw new Error('Failed to get canvas context');
+        this.ctx = ctx;
+    }
+
+    protected override process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        this.ctx.fillStyle = '#0a0a15';
+        this.ctx.fillRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
+
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            const [pos, render] = this.getComponents(entity, PositionComponent, RenderableComponent);
+
+            this.ctx.fillStyle = render.color;
+            this.ctx.beginPath();
+            this.ctx.arc(pos.x, pos.y, render.radius, 0, Math.PI * 2);
+            this.ctx.fill();
+
+            this.ctx.fillStyle = 'white';
+            this.ctx.font = '10px Arial';
+            this.ctx.textAlign = 'center';
+            this.ctx.fillText(entity.name, pos.x, pos.y - render.radius - 5);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+export class IncrementalSerializationDemo extends DemoBase {
+    private renderSystem!: RenderSystem;
+    private incrementalHistory: any[] = [];
+    private autoSnapshotInterval: number | null = null;
+
+    getInfo(): DemoInfo {
+        return {
+            id: 'incremental-serialization',
+            name: '增量序列化',
+            description: '演示增量序列化功能，只保存场景变更而非完整状态，适用于网络同步和回放系统',
+            category: '核心功能',
+            icon: '🔄'
+        };
+    }
+
+    setup() {
+        // 创建控制面板
+        this.createControls();
+
+        // 添加系统
+        this.renderSystem = new RenderSystem(this.canvas);
+        this.scene.addEntityProcessor(new MovementSystem());
+        this.scene.addEntityProcessor(this.renderSystem);
+
+        // 创建初始实体
+        this.createInitialEntities();
+
+        // 创建基础快照
+        this.scene.createIncrementalSnapshot();
+        this.addToHistory('Initial State');
+    }
+
+    private createInitialEntities() {
+        // 创建玩家
+        const player = this.scene.createEntity('Player');
+        player.addComponent(new PositionComponent(600, 300));
+        player.addComponent(new VelocityComponent(2, 1.5));
+        player.addComponent(new RenderableComponent('#4a9eff', 15));
+
+        // 设置场景数据
+        this.scene.sceneData.set('gameTime', 0);
+        this.scene.sceneData.set('score', 0);
+    }
+
+    private createRandomEntity() {
+        const entity = this.scene.createEntity(`Entity_${Date.now()}`);
+        entity.addComponent(new PositionComponent(
+            Math.random() * this.canvas.width,
+            Math.random() * this.canvas.height
+        ));
+        entity.addComponent(new VelocityComponent(
+            (Math.random() - 0.5) * 3,
+            (Math.random() - 0.5) * 3
+        ));
+        const colors = ['#ff6b6b', '#4ecdc4', '#ffe66d', '#a8dadc', '#f1faee'];
+        entity.addComponent(new RenderableComponent(
+            colors[Math.floor(Math.random() * colors.length)],
+            5 + Math.random() * 10
+        ));
+    }
+
+    private addToHistory(label: string) {
+        const incremental = this.scene.serializeIncremental();
+        const stats = IncrementalSerializer.getIncrementalStats(incremental);
+
+        // 计算JSON和二进制格式的大小
+        const jsonSize = IncrementalSerializer.getIncrementalSize(incremental, 'json');
+        const binarySize = IncrementalSerializer.getIncrementalSize(incremental, 'binary');
+
+        this.incrementalHistory.push({
+            label,
+            incremental,
+            stats,
+            timestamp: Date.now(),
+            jsonSize,
+            binarySize
+        });
+
+        this.scene.updateIncrementalSnapshot();
+        this.updateHistoryPanel();
+        this.updateStats();
+    }
+
+    createControls() {
+        this.controlPanel.innerHTML = `
+            <div class="control-section">
+                <h4>实体控制</h4>
+                <div class="button-group">
+                    <button id="addEntity" class="secondary">添加随机实体</button>
+                    <button id="removeEntity" class="danger">删除最后一个实体</button>
+                    <button id="modifyEntity" class="secondary">修改实体数据</button>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="control-section">
+                <h4>增量快照</h4>
+                <div class="button-group">
+                    <button id="captureSnapshot" class="success">捕获当前状态</button>
+                    <button id="clearHistory" class="danger">清空历史</button>
+                </div>
+                <div style="margin-top: 10px;">
+                    <label>
+                        <input type="checkbox" id="autoSnapshot">
+                        自动快照（每2秒）
+                    </label>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="control-section">
+                <h4>场景数据控制</h4>
+                <div class="input-group">
+                    <label>游戏时间</label>
+                    <input type="number" id="gameTime" value="0" step="1">
+                </div>
+                <div class="input-group">
+                    <label>分数</label>
+                    <input type="number" id="score" value="0" step="10">
+                </div>
+                <button id="updateSceneData" class="secondary">更新场景数据</button>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="stats-panel">
+                <div class="stat-item">
+                    <div class="stat-label">实体数量</div>
+                    <div class="stat-value" id="entityCount">0</div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="stat-item">
+                    <div class="stat-label">历史记录</div>
+                    <div class="stat-value" id="historyCount">0</div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="stat-item">
+                    <div class="stat-label">JSON大小</div>
+                    <div class="stat-value" id="jsonSize">0B</div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="stat-item">
+                    <div class="stat-label">二进制大小</div>
+                    <div class="stat-value" id="binarySize">0B</div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="stat-item">
+                    <div class="stat-label">压缩率</div>
+                    <div class="stat-value" id="compressionRatio">0%</div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="stat-item">
+                    <div class="stat-label">总变更数</div>
+                    <div class="stat-value" id="totalChanges">0</div>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="control-section">
+                <h4>增量历史 <small style="color: #8892b0;">(点击快照查看详情)</small></h4>
+                <div style="max-height: 300px; overflow-y: auto; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.3); padding: 10px; border-radius: 6px;" id="historyPanel">
+                    暂无历史记录
+                </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="control-section">
+                <h4>快照详情</h4>
+                <div style="max-height: 200px; overflow-y: auto; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.3); padding: 10px; border-radius: 6px; font-family: monospace; font-size: 11px; color: #8892b0;" id="snapshotDetails">
+                    点击历史记录查看详情...
+                </div>
+            </div>
+        `;
+
+        this.bindEvents();
+        this.updateStats();
+    }
+
+    private bindEvents() {
+        document.getElementById('addEntity')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            this.createRandomEntity();
+            this.addToHistory('添加实体');
+            this.showToast('添加了一个随机实体');
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('removeEntity')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            const entities = this.scene.entities.buffer;
+            if (entities.length > 1) {
+                const lastEntity = entities[entities.length - 1];
+                lastEntity.destroy();
+                this.addToHistory('删除实体');
+                this.showToast('删除了最后一个实体');
+            } else {
+                this.showToast('至少保留一个实体', '⚠️');
+            }
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('modifyEntity')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            const entities = this.scene.entities.buffer;
+            if (entities.length > 0) {
+                const randomEntity = entities[Math.floor(Math.random() * entities.length)];
+                const pos = randomEntity.getComponent(PositionComponent);
+                if (pos) {
+                    pos.x = Math.random() * this.canvas.width;
+                    pos.y = Math.random() * this.canvas.height;
+                }
+                this.addToHistory('修改实体位置');
+                this.showToast(`修改了 ${randomEntity.name} 的位置`);
+            }
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('captureSnapshot')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            this.addToHistory('手动快照');
+            this.showToast('已捕获当前状态', '📸');
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('clearHistory')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            this.incrementalHistory = [];
+            this.scene.createIncrementalSnapshot();
+            this.addToHistory('清空后重新开始');
+            this.showToast('历史记录已清空');
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('autoSnapshot')!.addEventListener('change', (e) => {
+            const checkbox = e.target as HTMLInputElement;
+            if (checkbox.checked) {
+                this.autoSnapshotInterval = window.setInterval(() => {
+                    this.addToHistory('自动快照');
+                }, 2000);
+                this.showToast('自动快照已启用', '⏱️');
+            } else {
+                if (this.autoSnapshotInterval !== null) {
+                    clearInterval(this.autoSnapshotInterval);
+                    this.autoSnapshotInterval = null;
+                }
+                this.showToast('自动快照已禁用');
+            }
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('updateSceneData')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            const gameTime = parseInt((document.getElementById('gameTime') as HTMLInputElement).value);
+            const score = parseInt((document.getElementById('score') as HTMLInputElement).value);
+
+            this.scene.sceneData.set('gameTime', gameTime);
+            this.scene.sceneData.set('score', score);
+
+            this.addToHistory('更新场景数据');
+            this.showToast('场景数据已更新');
+        });
+    }
+
+    private updateHistoryPanel() {
+        const panel = document.getElementById('historyPanel')!;
+
+        if (this.incrementalHistory.length === 0) {
+            panel.innerHTML = '暂无历史记录';
+            return;
+        }
+
+        panel.innerHTML = this.incrementalHistory.map((item, index) => {
+            const isLatest = index === this.incrementalHistory.length - 1;
+            const time = new Date(item.timestamp).toLocaleTimeString();
+
+            return `
+                <div class="history-item" data-index="${index}" style="
+                    padding: 8px;
+                    margin: 4px 0;
+                    background: ${isLatest ? 'rgba(74, 158, 255, 0.2)' : 'rgba(136, 146, 176, 0.1)'};
+                    border-left: 3px solid ${isLatest ? '#4a9eff' : '#8892b0'};
+                    border-radius: 4px;
+                    cursor: pointer;
+                    transition: background 0.2s;
+                ">
+                    <div style="display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;">
+                        <div>
+                            <strong>${item.label}</strong>
+                            ${isLatest ? '<span style="color: #4a9eff; margin-left: 8px;">●</span>' : ''}
+                        </div>
+                        <small style="color: #8892b0;">${time}</small>
+                    </div>
+                    <div style="font-size: 11px; color: #8892b0; margin-top: 4px;">
+                        实体: +${item.stats.addedEntities} -${item.stats.removedEntities} ~${item.stats.updatedEntities} |
+                        组件: +${item.stats.addedComponents} -${item.stats.removedComponents} ~${item.stats.updatedComponents}
+                    </div>
+                    <div style="font-size: 11px; color: #8892b0; margin-top: 2px;">
+                        JSON: ${this.formatBytes(item.jsonSize)} |
+                        Binary: ${this.formatBytes(item.binarySize)} |
+                        <span style="color: #4ecdc4;">节省: ${((1 - item.binarySize / item.jsonSize) * 100).toFixed(1)}%</span>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+            `;
+        }).join('');
+
+        // 绑定点击事件
+        panel.querySelectorAll('.history-item').forEach(item => {
+            item.addEventListener('click', () => {
+                const index = parseInt(item.getAttribute('data-index')!);
+                this.showSnapshotDetails(index);
+            });
+        });
+
+        // 自动滚动到底部
+        panel.scrollTop = panel.scrollHeight;
+    }
+
+    private showSnapshotDetails(index: number) {
+        const item = this.incrementalHistory[index];
+        const detailsPanel = document.getElementById('snapshotDetails')!;
+
+        const compressionRatio = ((1 - item.binarySize / item.jsonSize) * 100).toFixed(1);
+
+        const details = {
+            版本: item.incremental.version,
+            基础版本: item.incremental.baseVersion,
+            时间戳: new Date(item.incremental.timestamp).toLocaleString(),
+            场景名称: item.incremental.sceneName,
+            格式对比: {
+                JSON大小: this.formatBytes(item.jsonSize),
+                二进制大小: this.formatBytes(item.binarySize),
+                压缩率: `${compressionRatio}%`,
+                节省字节: this.formatBytes(item.jsonSize - item.binarySize)
+            },
+            统计: item.stats,
+            实体变更: item.incremental.entityChanges.map((c: any) => ({
+                操作: c.operation,
+                实体ID: c.entityId,
+                实体名称: c.entityName
+            })),
+            组件变更: item.incremental.componentChanges.map((c: any) => ({
+                操作: c.operation,
+                实体ID: c.entityId,
+                组件类型: c.componentType
+            })),
+            场景数据变更: item.incremental.sceneDataChanges.map((c: any) => ({
+                键: c.key,
+                值: c.value,
+                已删除: c.deleted
+            }))
+        };
+
+        detailsPanel.textContent = JSON.stringify(details, null, 2);
+    }
+
+    private updateStats() {
+        document.getElementById('entityCount')!.textContent = this.scene.entities.count.toString();
+        document.getElementById('historyCount')!.textContent = this.incrementalHistory.length.toString();
+
+        if (this.incrementalHistory.length > 0) {
+            const lastItem = this.incrementalHistory[this.incrementalHistory.length - 1];
+
+            document.getElementById('jsonSize')!.textContent = this.formatBytes(lastItem.jsonSize);
+            document.getElementById('binarySize')!.textContent = this.formatBytes(lastItem.binarySize);
+
+            const compressionRatio = ((1 - lastItem.binarySize / lastItem.jsonSize) * 100).toFixed(1);
+            const ratioElement = document.getElementById('compressionRatio')!;
+            ratioElement.textContent = `${compressionRatio}%`;
+            ratioElement.style.color = parseFloat(compressionRatio) > 30 ? '#4ecdc4' : '#ffe66d';
+
+            document.getElementById('totalChanges')!.textContent = lastItem.stats.totalChanges.toString();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private formatBytes(bytes: number): string {
+        if (bytes < 1024) return `${bytes}B`;
+        if (bytes < 1024 * 1024) return `${(bytes / 1024).toFixed(1)}KB`;
+        return `${(bytes / (1024 * 1024)).toFixed(1)}MB`;
+    }
+
+    protected render() {
+        // RenderSystem会处理渲染
+    }
+
+    public destroy() {
+        if (this.autoSnapshotInterval !== null) {
+            clearInterval(this.autoSnapshotInterval);
+        }
+        super.destroy();
+    }
+}

examples/core-demos/src/demos/SerializationDemo.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,386 @@
+import { DemoBase, DemoInfo } from './DemoBase';
+import {
+    Component,
+    ECSComponent,
+    Entity,
+    EntitySystem,
+    Matcher,
+    Serializable,
+    Serialize,
+    SerializeAsMap
+} from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+// ===== 组件定义 =====
+@ECSComponent('SerDemo_Position')
+@Serializable({ version: 1, typeId: 'SerDemo_Position' })
+class PositionComponent extends Component {
+    @Serialize() x: number = 0;
+    @Serialize() y: number = 0;
+    constructor(x: number = 0, y: number = 0) {
+        super();
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+}
+
+@ECSComponent('SerDemo_Velocity')
+@Serializable({ version: 1, typeId: 'SerDemo_Velocity' })
+class VelocityComponent extends Component {
+    @Serialize() vx: number = 0;
+    @Serialize() vy: number = 0;
+    constructor(vx: number = 0, vy: number = 0) {
+        super();
+        this.vx = vx;
+        this.vy = vy;
+    }
+}
+
+@ECSComponent('SerDemo_Renderable')
+@Serializable({ version: 1, typeId: 'SerDemo_Renderable' })
+class RenderableComponent extends Component {
+    @Serialize() color: string = '#ffffff';
+    @Serialize() radius: number = 10;
+    constructor(color: string = '#ffffff', radius: number = 10) {
+        super();
+        this.color = color;
+        this.radius = radius;
+    }
+}
+
+@ECSComponent('SerDemo_Player')
+@Serializable({ version: 1, typeId: 'SerDemo_Player' })
+class PlayerComponent extends Component {
+    @Serialize() name: string = 'Player';
+    @Serialize() level: number = 1;
+    @Serialize() health: number = 100;
+    @SerializeAsMap() inventory: Map<string, number> = new Map();
+    constructor(name: string = 'Player') {
+        super();
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+}
+
+// ===== 系统定义 =====
+class MovementSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(Matcher.all(PositionComponent, VelocityComponent));
+    }
+
+    protected override process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            const [pos, vel] = this.getComponents(entity, PositionComponent, VelocityComponent);
+
+            pos.x += vel.vx;
+            pos.y += vel.vy;
+
+            // 边界反弹
+            if (pos.x < 0 || pos.x > 1200) vel.vx *= -1;
+            if (pos.y < 0 || pos.y > 600) vel.vy *= -1;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class RenderSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    private canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
+    private ctx: CanvasRenderingContext2D;
+
+    constructor(canvas: HTMLCanvasElement) {
+        super(Matcher.all(PositionComponent, RenderableComponent));
+        this.canvas = canvas;
+        this.ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')!;
+    }
+
+    protected override process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 清空画布
+        this.ctx.fillStyle = '#0a0a15';
+        this.ctx.fillRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
+
+        // 渲染所有实体
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            const [pos, render] = this.getComponents(entity, PositionComponent, RenderableComponent);
+
+            this.ctx.fillStyle = render.color;
+            this.ctx.beginPath();
+            this.ctx.arc(pos.x, pos.y, render.radius, 0, Math.PI * 2);
+            this.ctx.fill();
+
+            // 如果是玩家，显示名字
+            const player = entity.getComponent(PlayerComponent);
+            if (player) {
+                this.ctx.fillStyle = 'white';
+                this.ctx.font = '12px Arial';
+                this.ctx.textAlign = 'center';
+                this.ctx.fillText(player.name, pos.x, pos.y - render.radius - 5);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+export class SerializationDemo extends DemoBase {
+    private renderSystem!: RenderSystem;
+    private jsonData: string = '';
+    private binaryData: Buffer | null = null;
+
+    getInfo(): DemoInfo {
+        return {
+            id: 'serialization',
+            name: '场景序列化',
+            description: '演示场景的序列化和反序列化功能，支持JSON和二进制格式',
+            category: '核心功能',
+            icon: '💾'
+        };
+    }
+
+    setup() {
+        // @ECSComponent装饰器会自动注册组件到ComponentRegistry
+        // ComponentRegistry会被序列化系统自动使用，无需手动注册
+
+        // 添加系统
+        this.renderSystem = new RenderSystem(this.canvas);
+        this.scene.addEntityProcessor(new MovementSystem());
+        this.scene.addEntityProcessor(this.renderSystem);
+
+        // 创建初始实体
+        this.createInitialEntities();
+
+        // 创建控制面板
+        this.createControls();
+    }
+
+    private createInitialEntities() {
+        // 创建玩家
+        const player = this.scene.createEntity('Player');
+        player.addComponent(new PositionComponent(600, 300));
+        player.addComponent(new VelocityComponent(2, 1.5));
+        player.addComponent(new RenderableComponent('#4a9eff', 15));
+        const playerComp = new PlayerComponent('Hero');
+        playerComp.level = 5;
+        playerComp.health = 100;
+        playerComp.inventory.set('sword', 1);
+        playerComp.inventory.set('potion', 5);
+        player.addComponent(playerComp);
+
+        // 创建一些随机实体
+        for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            this.createRandomEntity();
+        }
+
+        // 设置场景数据
+        this.scene.sceneData.set('weather', 'sunny');
+        this.scene.sceneData.set('gameTime', 12.5);
+        this.scene.sceneData.set('difficulty', 'normal');
+    }
+
+    private createRandomEntity() {
+        const entity = this.scene.createEntity(`Entity_${Date.now()}`);
+        entity.addComponent(new PositionComponent(
+            Math.random() * this.canvas.width,
+            Math.random() * this.canvas.height
+        ));
+        entity.addComponent(new VelocityComponent(
+            (Math.random() - 0.5) * 3,
+            (Math.random() - 0.5) * 3
+        ));
+        const colors = ['#ff6b6b', '#4ecdc4', '#ffe66d', '#a8dadc', '#f1faee'];
+        entity.addComponent(new RenderableComponent(
+            colors[Math.floor(Math.random() * colors.length)],
+            5 + Math.random() * 10
+        ));
+    }
+
+    createControls() {
+        this.controlPanel.innerHTML = `
+            <div class="control-section">
+                <h4>实体控制</h4>
+                <div class="button-group">
+                    <button id="addEntity" class="secondary">添加随机实体</button>
+                    <button id="clearEntities" class="danger">清空所有实体</button>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="control-section">
+                <h4>序列化操作</h4>
+                <div class="button-group">
+                    <button id="serializeJSON">序列化为JSON</button>
+                    <button id="serializeBinary" class="success">序列化为二进制</button>
+                    <button id="deserialize" class="secondary">反序列化恢复</button>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="control-section">
+                <h4>本地存储</h4>
+                <div class="button-group">
+                    <button id="saveLocal" class="success">保存到LocalStorage</button>
+                    <button id="loadLocal" class="secondary">从LocalStorage加载</button>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="control-section">
+                <h4>场景数据</h4>
+                <div class="input-group">
+                    <label>天气</label>
+                    <input type="text" id="weather" value="sunny" placeholder="sunny/rainy/snowy">
+                </div>
+                <div class="input-group">
+                    <label>游戏时间</label>
+                    <input type="number" id="gameTime" value="12.5" step="0.1" min="0" max="24">
+                </div>
+                <button id="updateSceneData" class="secondary">更新场景数据</button>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="stats-panel">
+                <div class="stat-item">
+                    <div class="stat-label">实体数量</div>
+                    <div class="stat-value" id="entityCount">0</div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="stat-item">
+                    <div class="stat-label">JSON大小</div>
+                    <div class="stat-value" id="jsonSize">0B</div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="stat-item">
+                    <div class="stat-label">二进制大小</div>
+                    <div class="stat-value" id="binarySize">0B</div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="stat-item">
+                    <div class="stat-label">压缩率</div>
+                    <div class="stat-value" id="compressionRatio">0%</div>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="control-section">
+                <h4>序列化数据预览</h4>
+                <div style="max-height: 200px; overflow-y: auto; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.3); padding: 10px; border-radius: 6px; font-family: monospace; font-size: 11px; color: #8892b0; word-break: break-all;" id="dataPreview">
+                    点击序列化按钮查看数据...
+                </div>
+            </div>
+        `;
+
+        // 绑定事件
+        this.bindEvents();
+    }
+
+    private bindEvents() {
+        document.getElementById('addEntity')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            this.createRandomEntity();
+            this.updateStats();
+            this.showToast('添加了一个随机实体');
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('clearEntities')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            this.scene.destroyAllEntities();
+            this.createInitialEntities();
+            this.updateStats();
+            this.showToast('场景已重置');
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('serializeJSON')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            this.jsonData = this.scene.serialize({ format: 'json', pretty: true }) as string;
+            this.updateDataPreview(this.jsonData, 'json');
+            this.updateStats();
+            this.showToast('已序列化为JSON格式');
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('serializeBinary')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            this.binaryData = this.scene.serialize({ format: 'binary' }) as Buffer;
+            const base64 = this.binaryData.toString('base64');
+            this.updateDataPreview(`Binary Data (Base64):\n${base64.substring(0, 500)}...`, 'binary');
+            this.updateStats();
+            this.showToast('已序列化为二进制格式', '🔐');
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('deserialize')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            const data = this.binaryData || this.jsonData;
+            if (!data) {
+                this.showToast('请先执行序列化操作', '⚠️');
+                return;
+            }
+
+            this.scene.deserialize(data, {
+                strategy: 'replace'
+                // componentRegistry会自动从ComponentRegistry获取，无需手动传入
+            });
+
+            this.updateStats();
+            this.showToast('场景已恢复');
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('saveLocal')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            const jsonData = this.scene.serialize({ format: 'json' }) as string;
+            localStorage.setItem('ecs_demo_scene', jsonData);
+            this.showToast('已保存到LocalStorage', '💾');
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('loadLocal')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            const data = localStorage.getItem('ecs_demo_scene');
+            if (!data) {
+                this.showToast('LocalStorage中没有保存的场景', '⚠️');
+                return;
+            }
+
+            this.scene.deserialize(data, {
+                strategy: 'replace'
+                // componentRegistry会自动从ComponentRegistry获取，无需手动传入
+            });
+
+            this.updateStats();
+            this.showToast('已从LocalStorage加载', '📂');
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById('updateSceneData')!.addEventListener('click', () => {
+            const weather = (document.getElementById('weather') as HTMLInputElement).value;
+            const gameTime = parseFloat((document.getElementById('gameTime') as HTMLInputElement).value);
+
+            this.scene.sceneData.set('weather', weather);
+            this.scene.sceneData.set('gameTime', gameTime);
+
+            this.showToast('场景数据已更新');
+        });
+
+        // 初始更新统计
+        this.updateStats();
+    }
+
+    private updateDataPreview(data: string, format: string) {
+        const preview = document.getElementById('dataPreview')!;
+        if (format === 'json') {
+            const truncated = data.length > 1000 ? data.substring(0, 1000) + '\n...(truncated)' : data;
+            preview.textContent = truncated;
+        } else {
+            preview.textContent = data;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private updateStats() {
+        const entityCount = this.scene.entities.count;
+        document.getElementById('entityCount')!.textContent = entityCount.toString();
+
+        // 计算JSON大小
+        if (this.jsonData) {
+            const jsonSize = new Blob([this.jsonData]).size;
+            document.getElementById('jsonSize')!.textContent = this.formatBytes(jsonSize);
+        }
+
+        // 计算二进制大小
+        if (this.binaryData) {
+            const binarySize = this.binaryData.length;
+            document.getElementById('binarySize')!.textContent = this.formatBytes(binarySize);
+
+            // 计算压缩率
+            if (this.jsonData) {
+                const jsonSize = new Blob([this.jsonData]).size;
+                const ratio = ((1 - binarySize / jsonSize) * 100).toFixed(1);
+                document.getElementById('compressionRatio')!.textContent = `${ratio}%`;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private formatBytes(bytes: number): string {
+        if (bytes < 1024) return `${bytes}B`;
+        if (bytes < 1024 * 1024) return `${(bytes / 1024).toFixed(1)}KB`;
+        return `${(bytes / (1024 * 1024)).toFixed(1)}MB`;
+    }
+
+    protected render() {
+        // RenderSystem会处理渲染
+    }
+}

examples/core-demos/src/demos/WorkerSystemDemo.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,832 @@
+import { DemoBase, DemoInfo } from './DemoBase';
+import { Component, ECSComponent, WorkerEntitySystem, EntitySystem, Matcher, Entity, ECSSystem, PlatformManager, Time } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+import { BrowserAdapter } from '../platform/BrowserAdapter';
+
+// ============ 组件定义 ============
+
+@ECSComponent('WorkerDemo_Position')
+class Position extends Component {
+    x: number = 0;
+    y: number = 0;
+
+    constructor(x: number = 0, y: number = 0) {
+        super();
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+
+    set(x: number, y: number): void {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+}
+
+@ECSComponent('WorkerDemo_Velocity')
+class Velocity extends Component {
+    dx: number = 0;
+    dy: number = 0;
+
+    constructor(dx: number = 0, dy: number = 0) {
+        super();
+        this.dx = dx;
+        this.dy = dy;
+    }
+
+    set(dx: number, dy: number): void {
+        this.dx = dx;
+        this.dy = dy;
+    }
+}
+
+@ECSComponent('WorkerDemo_Physics')
+class Physics extends Component {
+    mass: number = 1;
+    bounce: number = 0.8;
+    friction: number = 0.95;
+
+    constructor(mass: number = 1, bounce: number = 0.8, friction: number = 0.95) {
+        super();
+        this.mass = mass;
+        this.bounce = bounce;
+        this.friction = friction;
+    }
+}
+
+@ECSComponent('WorkerDemo_Renderable')
+class Renderable extends Component {
+    color: string = '#ffffff';
+    size: number = 5;
+    shape: 'circle' | 'square' = 'circle';
+
+    constructor(color: string = '#ffffff', size: number = 5, shape: 'circle' | 'square' = 'circle') {
+        super();
+        this.color = color;
+        this.size = size;
+        this.shape = shape;
+    }
+}
+
+@ECSComponent('WorkerDemo_Lifetime')
+class Lifetime extends Component {
+    maxAge: number = 5;
+    currentAge: number = 0;
+
+    constructor(maxAge: number = 5) {
+        super();
+        this.maxAge = maxAge;
+        this.currentAge = 0;
+    }
+
+    isDead(): boolean {
+        return this.currentAge >= this.maxAge;
+    }
+}
+
+// ============ 系统定义 ============
+
+interface PhysicsEntityData {
+    id: number;
+    x: number;
+    y: number;
+    dx: number;
+    dy: number;
+    mass: number;
+    bounce: number;
+    friction: number;
+    radius: number;
+}
+
+interface PhysicsConfig {
+    gravity: number;
+    canvasWidth: number;
+    canvasHeight: number;
+    groundFriction: number;
+}
+
+@ECSSystem('PhysicsWorkerSystem')
+class PhysicsWorkerSystem extends WorkerEntitySystem<PhysicsEntityData> {
+    private physicsConfig: PhysicsConfig;
+
+    constructor(enableWorker: boolean, canvasWidth: number, canvasHeight: number) {
+        const defaultConfig = {
+            gravity: 100,
+            canvasWidth,
+            canvasHeight,
+            groundFriction: 0.98
+        };
+
+        const isSharedArrayBufferAvailable = typeof SharedArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && self.crossOriginIsolated;
+
+        super(
+            Matcher.empty().all(Position, Velocity, Physics),
+            {
+                enableWorker,
+                workerCount: isSharedArrayBufferAvailable ? (navigator.hardwareConcurrency || 2) : 1,
+                systemConfig: defaultConfig,
+                useSharedArrayBuffer: true
+            }
+        );
+
+        this.physicsConfig = defaultConfig;
+    }
+
+    protected extractEntityData(entity: Entity): PhysicsEntityData {
+        const position = entity.getComponent(Position)!;
+        const velocity = entity.getComponent(Velocity)!;
+        const physics = entity.getComponent(Physics)!;
+        const renderable = entity.getComponent(Renderable)!;
+
+        return {
+            id: entity.id,
+            x: position.x,
+            y: position.y,
+            dx: velocity.dx,
+            dy: velocity.dy,
+            mass: physics.mass,
+            bounce: physics.bounce,
+            friction: physics.friction,
+            radius: renderable.size
+        };
+    }
+
+    protected workerProcess(
+        entities: PhysicsEntityData[],
+        deltaTime: number,
+        systemConfig?: PhysicsConfig
+    ): PhysicsEntityData[] {
+        const config = systemConfig || this.physicsConfig;
+        const result = entities.map(e => ({ ...e }));
+
+        for (let i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
+            const entity = result[i];
+
+            entity.dy += config.gravity * deltaTime;
+            entity.x += entity.dx * deltaTime;
+            entity.y += entity.dy * deltaTime;
+
+            if (entity.x <= entity.radius) {
+                entity.x = entity.radius;
+                entity.dx = -entity.dx * entity.bounce;
+            } else if (entity.x >= config.canvasWidth - entity.radius) {
+                entity.x = config.canvasWidth - entity.radius;
+                entity.dx = -entity.dx * entity.bounce;
+            }
+
+            if (entity.y <= entity.radius) {
+                entity.y = entity.radius;
+                entity.dy = -entity.dy * entity.bounce;
+            } else if (entity.y >= config.canvasHeight - entity.radius) {
+                entity.y = config.canvasHeight - entity.radius;
+                entity.dy = -entity.dy * entity.bounce;
+                entity.dx *= config.groundFriction;
+            }
+
+            entity.dx *= entity.friction;
+            entity.dy *= entity.friction;
+        }
+
+        for (let i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
+            for (let j = i + 1; j < result.length; j++) {
+                const ball1 = result[i];
+                const ball2 = result[j];
+
+                const dx = ball2.x - ball1.x;
+                const dy = ball2.y - ball1.y;
+                const distance = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
+                const minDistance = ball1.radius + ball2.radius;
+
+                if (distance < minDistance && distance > 0) {
+                    const nx = dx / distance;
+                    const ny = dy / distance;
+
+                    const overlap = minDistance - distance;
+                    const separationX = nx * overlap * 0.5;
+                    const separationY = ny * overlap * 0.5;
+
+                    ball1.x -= separationX;
+                    ball1.y -= separationY;
+                    ball2.x += separationX;
+                    ball2.y += separationY;
+
+                    const relativeVelocityX = ball2.dx - ball1.dx;
+                    const relativeVelocityY = ball2.dy - ball1.dy;
+                    const velocityAlongNormal = relativeVelocityX * nx + relativeVelocityY * ny;
+
+                    if (velocityAlongNormal > 0) continue;
+
+                    const restitution = (ball1.bounce + ball2.bounce) * 0.5;
+                    const impulseScalar = -(1 + restitution) * velocityAlongNormal / (1/ball1.mass + 1/ball2.mass);
+
+                    const impulseX = impulseScalar * nx;
+                    const impulseY = impulseScalar * ny;
+
+                    ball1.dx -= impulseX / ball1.mass;
+                    ball1.dy -= impulseY / ball1.mass;
+                    ball2.dx += impulseX / ball2.mass;
+                    ball2.dy += impulseY / ball2.mass;
+
+                    const energyLoss = 0.98;
+                    ball1.dx *= energyLoss;
+                    ball1.dy *= energyLoss;
+                    ball2.dx *= energyLoss;
+                    ball2.dy *= energyLoss;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    protected applyResult(entity: Entity, result: PhysicsEntityData): void {
+        if (!entity || !entity.enabled) return;
+
+        const position = entity.getComponent(Position);
+        const velocity = entity.getComponent(Velocity);
+
+        if (!position || !velocity) return;
+
+        position.set(result.x, result.y);
+        velocity.set(result.dx, result.dy);
+    }
+
+    public updatePhysicsConfig(newConfig: Partial<PhysicsConfig>): void {
+        Object.assign(this.physicsConfig, newConfig);
+        this.updateConfig({ systemConfig: this.physicsConfig });
+    }
+
+    public getPhysicsConfig(): PhysicsConfig {
+        return { ...this.physicsConfig };
+    }
+
+    protected getDefaultEntityDataSize(): number {
+        return 9;
+    }
+
+    protected writeEntityToBuffer(entityData: PhysicsEntityData, offset: number): void {
+        const sharedArray = (this as any).sharedFloatArray as Float32Array;
+        if (!sharedArray) return;
+
+        // 在第一个位置存储当前实体数量
+        const currentEntityCount = Math.floor(offset / 9) + 1;
+        sharedArray[0] = currentEntityCount;
+
+        // 数据从索引9开始存储（第一个9个位置用作元数据区域）
+        const dataOffset = offset + 9;
+        sharedArray[dataOffset + 0] = entityData.id;
+        sharedArray[dataOffset + 1] = entityData.x;
+        sharedArray[dataOffset + 2] = entityData.y;
+        sharedArray[dataOffset + 3] = entityData.dx;
+        sharedArray[dataOffset + 4] = entityData.dy;
+        sharedArray[dataOffset + 5] = entityData.mass;
+        sharedArray[dataOffset + 6] = entityData.bounce;
+        sharedArray[dataOffset + 7] = entityData.friction;
+        sharedArray[dataOffset + 8] = entityData.radius;
+    }
+
+    protected readEntityFromBuffer(offset: number): PhysicsEntityData | null {
+        const sharedArray = (this as any).sharedFloatArray as Float32Array;
+        if (!sharedArray) return null;
+
+        // 数据从索引9开始存储
+        const dataOffset = offset + 9;
+        return {
+            id: sharedArray[dataOffset + 0],
+            x: sharedArray[dataOffset + 1],
+            y: sharedArray[dataOffset + 2],
+            dx: sharedArray[dataOffset + 3],
+            dy: sharedArray[dataOffset + 4],
+            mass: sharedArray[dataOffset + 5],
+            bounce: sharedArray[dataOffset + 6],
+            friction: sharedArray[dataOffset + 7],
+            radius: sharedArray[dataOffset + 8]
+        };
+    }
+
+    protected getSharedArrayBufferProcessFunction(): any {
+        return function(sharedFloatArray: Float32Array, startIndex: number, endIndex: number, deltaTime: number, systemConfig?: any) {
+            const config = systemConfig || {
+                gravity: 100,
+                canvasWidth: 800,
+                canvasHeight: 600,
+                groundFriction: 0.98
+            };
+
+            const actualEntityCount = sharedFloatArray[0];
+
+            // 基础物理更新
+            for (let i = startIndex; i < endIndex && i < actualEntityCount; i++) {
+                const offset = i * 9 + 9;
+
+                const id = sharedFloatArray[offset + 0];
+                if (id === 0) continue;
+
+                let x = sharedFloatArray[offset + 1];
+                let y = sharedFloatArray[offset + 2];
+                let dx = sharedFloatArray[offset + 3];
+                let dy = sharedFloatArray[offset + 4];
+                const bounce = sharedFloatArray[offset + 6];
+                const friction = sharedFloatArray[offset + 7];
+                const radius = sharedFloatArray[offset + 8];
+
+                // 应用重力
+                dy += config.gravity * deltaTime;
+
+                // 更新位置
+                x += dx * deltaTime;
+                y += dy * deltaTime;
+
+                // 边界碰撞
+                if (x <= radius) {
+                    x = radius;
+                    dx = -dx * bounce;
+                } else if (x >= config.canvasWidth - radius) {
+                    x = config.canvasWidth - radius;
+                    dx = -dx * bounce;
+                }
+
+                if (y <= radius) {
+                    y = radius;
+                    dy = -dy * bounce;
+                } else if (y >= config.canvasHeight - radius) {
+                    y = config.canvasHeight - radius;
+                    dy = -dy * bounce;
+                    dx *= config.groundFriction;
+                }
+
+                // 空气阻力
+                dx *= friction;
+                dy *= friction;
+
+                // 写回数据
+                sharedFloatArray[offset + 1] = x;
+                sharedFloatArray[offset + 2] = y;
+                sharedFloatArray[offset + 3] = dx;
+                sharedFloatArray[offset + 4] = dy;
+            }
+
+            // 碰撞检测
+            for (let i = startIndex; i < endIndex && i < actualEntityCount; i++) {
+                const offset1 = i * 9 + 9;
+                const id1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 0];
+                if (id1 === 0) continue;
+
+                let x1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 1];
+                let y1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 2];
+                let dx1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 3];
+                let dy1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 4];
+                const mass1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 5];
+                const bounce1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 6];
+                const radius1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 8];
+
+                for (let j = 0; j < actualEntityCount; j++) {
+                    if (i === j) continue;
+
+                    const offset2 = j * 9 + 9;
+                    const id2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 0];
+                    if (id2 === 0) continue;
+
+                    const x2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 1];
+                    const y2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 2];
+                    const dx2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 3];
+                    const dy2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 4];
+                    const mass2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 5];
+                    const bounce2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 6];
+                    const radius2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 8];
+
+                    if (isNaN(x2) || isNaN(y2) || isNaN(radius2) || radius2 <= 0) continue;
+
+                    const deltaX = x2 - x1;
+                    const deltaY = y2 - y1;
+                    const distance = Math.sqrt(deltaX * deltaX + deltaY * deltaY);
+                    const minDistance = radius1 + radius2;
+
+                    if (distance < minDistance && distance > 0) {
+                        const nx = deltaX / distance;
+                        const ny = deltaY / distance;
+
+                        const overlap = minDistance - distance;
+                        const separationX = nx * overlap * 0.5;
+                        const separationY = ny * overlap * 0.5;
+
+                        x1 -= separationX;
+                        y1 -= separationY;
+
+                        const relativeVelocityX = dx2 - dx1;
+                        const relativeVelocityY = dy2 - dy1;
+                        const velocityAlongNormal = relativeVelocityX * nx + relativeVelocityY * ny;
+
+                        if (velocityAlongNormal > 0) continue;
+
+                        const restitution = (bounce1 + bounce2) * 0.5;
+                        const impulseScalar = -(1 + restitution) * velocityAlongNormal / (1/mass1 + 1/mass2);
+
+                        const impulseX = impulseScalar * nx;
+                        const impulseY = impulseScalar * ny;
+
+                        dx1 -= impulseX / mass1;
+                        dy1 -= impulseY / mass1;
+
+                        const energyLoss = 0.98;
+                        dx1 *= energyLoss;
+                        dy1 *= energyLoss;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 1] = x1;
+                sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 2] = y1;
+                sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 3] = dx1;
+                sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 4] = dy1;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+@ECSSystem('RenderSystem')
+class RenderSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    private canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
+    private ctx: CanvasRenderingContext2D;
+
+    constructor(canvas: HTMLCanvasElement) {
+        super(Matcher.all(Position, Renderable));
+        this.canvas = canvas;
+        this.ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')!;
+    }
+
+    protected override process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        this.ctx.fillStyle = '#000';
+        this.ctx.fillRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
+
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            const position = this.requireComponent(entity, Position);
+            const renderable = this.requireComponent(entity, Renderable);
+
+            this.ctx.fillStyle = renderable.color;
+            this.ctx.beginPath();
+            this.ctx.arc(position.x, position.y, renderable.size, 0, Math.PI * 2);
+            this.ctx.fill();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@ECSSystem('LifetimeSystem')
+class LifetimeSystem extends EntitySystem {
+    constructor() {
+        super(Matcher.all(Lifetime));
+    }
+
+    protected override process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        const deltaTime = Time.deltaTime;
+
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            const lifetime = this.requireComponent(entity, Lifetime);
+
+            lifetime.currentAge += deltaTime;
+            if (lifetime.isDead()) {
+                entity.destroy();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============ Demo类 ============
+
+export class WorkerSystemDemo extends DemoBase {
+    private physicsSystem!: PhysicsWorkerSystem;
+    private renderSystem!: RenderSystem;
+    private lifetimeSystem!: LifetimeSystem;
+    private currentFPS = 0;
+    private frameCount = 0;
+    private fpsUpdateTime = 0;
+    private elements: { [key: string]: HTMLElement } = {};
+
+    getInfo(): DemoInfo {
+        return {
+            id: 'worker-system',
+            name: 'Worker System',
+            description: '演示 ECS 框架中的多线程物理计算能力',
+            category: '核心功能',
+            icon: '⚙️'
+        };
+    }
+
+    setup(): void {
+        // 注册浏览器平台适配器
+        const browserAdapter = new BrowserAdapter();
+        PlatformManager.getInstance().registerAdapter(browserAdapter);
+
+        // 初始化系统
+        this.physicsSystem = new PhysicsWorkerSystem(true, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
+        this.renderSystem = new RenderSystem(this.canvas);
+        this.lifetimeSystem = new LifetimeSystem();
+
+        this.physicsSystem.updateOrder = 1;
+        this.lifetimeSystem.updateOrder = 2;
+        this.renderSystem.updateOrder = 3;
+
+        this.scene.addSystem(this.physicsSystem);
+        this.scene.addSystem(this.lifetimeSystem);
+        this.scene.addSystem(this.renderSystem);
+
+        // 创建控制面板
+        this.createControls();
+
+        // 初始化UI元素引用
+        this.initializeUIElements();
+        this.bindEvents();
+
+        // 生成初始实体
+        this.spawnInitialEntities(1000);
+    }
+
+    createControls(): void {
+        this.controlPanel.innerHTML = `
+            <div style="background: #2a2a2a; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; height: 100%; overflow-y: auto;">
+                <div style="margin-bottom: 15px;">
+                    <label style="display: block; margin-bottom: 5px; color: #ccc;">实体数量:</label>
+                    <input type="range" id="entityCount" min="100" max="10000" value="1000" step="100"
+                        style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 5px;">
+                    <span id="entityCountValue" style="color: #fff;">1000</span>
+                </div>
+
+                <div style="margin-bottom: 15px;">
+                    <label style="display: block; margin-bottom: 5px; color: #ccc;">Worker 设置:</label>
+                    <button id="toggleWorker" style="width: 100%; padding: 8px; margin-bottom: 5px;
+                        background: #4a9eff; color: white; border: none; border-radius: 4px; cursor: pointer;">
+                        禁用 Worker
+                    </button>
+                </div>
+
+                <div style="margin-bottom: 15px;">
+                    <button id="spawnParticles" style="width: 100%; padding: 8px; margin-bottom: 5px;
+                        background: #4a9eff; color: white; border: none; border-radius: 4px; cursor: pointer;">
+                        生成粒子爆炸
+                    </button>
+                    <button id="clearEntities" style="width: 100%; padding: 8px; margin-bottom: 5px;
+                        background: #4a9eff; color: white; border: none; border-radius: 4px; cursor: pointer;">
+                        清空所有实体
+                    </button>
+                    <button id="resetDemo" style="width: 100%; padding: 8px;
+                        background: #4a9eff; color: white; border: none; border-radius: 4px; cursor: pointer;">
+                        重置演示
+                    </button>
+                </div>
+
+                <div style="margin-bottom: 15px;">
+                    <label style="display: block; margin-bottom: 5px; color: #ccc;">物理参数:</label>
+                    <input type="range" id="gravity" min="0" max="500" value="100" step="10"
+                        style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 5px;">
+                    <label style="color: #ccc;">重力: <span id="gravityValue">100</span></label>
+
+                    <input type="range" id="friction" min="0" max="100" value="95" step="5"
+                        style="width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 5px;">
+                    <label style="color: #ccc;">摩擦力: <span id="frictionValue">95%</span></label>
+                </div>
+
+                <div style="background: #1a1a1a; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; font-family: monospace; font-size: 12px;">
+                    <h3 style="margin-top: 0; color: #4a9eff;">性能统计</h3>
+                    <div style="margin: 5px 0; color: #ccc;">FPS: <span id="fps" style="color: #4eff4a;">0</span></div>
+                    <div style="margin: 5px 0; color: #ccc;">实体数量: <span id="entityCountStat" style="color: #fff;">0</span></div>
+                    <div style="margin: 5px 0; color: #ccc;">Worker状态: <span id="workerStatus" style="color: #ff4a4a;">未启用</span></div>
+                    <div style="margin: 5px 0; color: #ccc;">Worker负载: <span id="workerLoad" style="color: #fff;">N/A</span></div>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+        `;
+    }
+
+    protected render(): void {
+        this.frameCount++;
+        const currentTime = performance.now();
+
+        if (currentTime - this.fpsUpdateTime >= 1000) {
+            this.currentFPS = this.frameCount;
+            this.frameCount = 0;
+            this.fpsUpdateTime = currentTime;
+        }
+
+        this.updateUI();
+    }
+
+    private initializeUIElements(): void {
+        const elementIds = [
+            'entityCount', 'entityCountValue', 'toggleWorker',
+            'gravity', 'gravityValue', 'friction', 'frictionValue', 'spawnParticles',
+            'clearEntities', 'resetDemo', 'fps', 'entityCountStat', 'workerStatus', 'workerLoad'
+        ];
+
+        for (const id of elementIds) {
+            const element = document.getElementById(id);
+            if (element) {
+                this.elements[id] = element;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private bindEvents(): void {
+        if (this.elements.entityCount && this.elements.entityCountValue) {
+            const slider = this.elements.entityCount as HTMLInputElement;
+            slider.addEventListener('input', () => {
+                this.elements.entityCountValue.textContent = slider.value;
+            });
+
+            slider.addEventListener('change', () => {
+                const count = parseInt(slider.value);
+                this.spawnInitialEntities(count);
+            });
+        }
+
+        if (this.elements.toggleWorker) {
+            this.elements.toggleWorker.addEventListener('click', () => {
+                const workerEnabled = this.toggleWorker();
+                this.elements.toggleWorker.textContent = workerEnabled ? '禁用 Worker' : '启用 Worker';
+            });
+        }
+
+        if (this.elements.gravity && this.elements.gravityValue) {
+            const slider = this.elements.gravity as HTMLInputElement;
+            slider.addEventListener('input', () => {
+                this.elements.gravityValue.textContent = slider.value;
+            });
+
+            slider.addEventListener('change', () => {
+                const gravity = parseInt(slider.value);
+                this.updateWorkerConfig({ gravity });
+            });
+        }
+
+        if (this.elements.friction && this.elements.frictionValue) {
+            const slider = this.elements.friction as HTMLInputElement;
+            slider.addEventListener('input', () => {
+                const value = parseInt(slider.value);
+                this.elements.frictionValue.textContent = `${value}%`;
+            });
+
+            slider.addEventListener('change', () => {
+                const friction = parseInt(slider.value) / 100;
+                this.updateWorkerConfig({ friction });
+            });
+        }
+
+        if (this.elements.spawnParticles) {
+            this.elements.spawnParticles.addEventListener('click', () => {
+                const centerX = this.canvas.width / 2;
+                const centerY = this.canvas.height / 2;
+                this.spawnParticleExplosion(centerX, centerY, 100);
+            });
+        }
+
+        if (this.elements.clearEntities) {
+            this.elements.clearEntities.addEventListener('click', () => {
+                this.clearAllEntities();
+            });
+        }
+
+        if (this.elements.resetDemo) {
+            this.elements.resetDemo.addEventListener('click', () => {
+                (this.elements.entityCount as HTMLInputElement).value = '1000';
+                this.elements.entityCountValue.textContent = '1000';
+                (this.elements.gravity as HTMLInputElement).value = '100';
+                this.elements.gravityValue.textContent = '100';
+                (this.elements.friction as HTMLInputElement).value = '95';
+                this.elements.frictionValue.textContent = '95%';
+
+                this.spawnInitialEntities(1000);
+                this.updateWorkerConfig({ gravity: 100, friction: 0.95 });
+            });
+        }
+
+        this.canvas.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
+            const rect = this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
+            const x = event.clientX - rect.left;
+            const y = event.clientY - rect.top;
+            this.spawnParticleExplosion(x, y, 30);
+        });
+    }
+
+    private updateUI(): void {
+        const workerInfo = this.physicsSystem.getWorkerInfo();
+
+        if (this.elements.fps) {
+            this.elements.fps.textContent = this.currentFPS.toString();
+        }
+
+        if (this.elements.entityCountStat) {
+            this.elements.entityCountStat.textContent = this.scene.entities.count.toString();
+        }
+
+        if (this.elements.workerStatus) {
+            if (workerInfo.enabled) {
+                this.elements.workerStatus.textContent = `启用 (${workerInfo.workerCount} Workers)`;
+                this.elements.workerStatus.style.color = '#4eff4a';
+            } else {
+                this.elements.workerStatus.textContent = '禁用';
+                this.elements.workerStatus.style.color = '#ff4a4a';
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (this.elements.workerLoad) {
+            const entityCount = this.scene.entities.count;
+            if (workerInfo.enabled && entityCount > 0) {
+                const entitiesPerWorker = Math.ceil(entityCount / workerInfo.workerCount);
+                this.elements.workerLoad.textContent = `${entitiesPerWorker}/Worker (共${workerInfo.workerCount}个)`;
+            } else {
+                this.elements.workerLoad.textContent = 'N/A';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private spawnInitialEntities(count: number = 1000): void {
+        this.clearAllEntities();
+
+        for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            this.createParticle();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private createParticle(): void {
+        const entity = this.scene.createEntity(`Particle_${Date.now()}_${Math.random()}`);
+
+        const x = Math.random() * (this.canvas.width - 20) + 10;
+        const y = Math.random() * (this.canvas.height - 20) + 10;
+        const dx = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 200;
+        const dy = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 200;
+        const mass = Math.random() * 3 + 2;
+        const bounce = 0.85 + Math.random() * 0.15;
+        const friction = 0.998 + Math.random() * 0.002;
+
+        const colors = [
+            '#ff4444', '#44ff44', '#4444ff', '#ffff44', '#ff44ff', '#44ffff', '#ffffff',
+            '#ff8844', '#88ff44', '#4488ff', '#ff4488', '#88ff88', '#8888ff', '#ffaa44'
+        ];
+        const color = colors[Math.floor(Math.random() * colors.length)];
+        const size = Math.random() * 6 + 3;
+
+        entity.addComponent(new Position(x, y));
+        entity.addComponent(new Velocity(dx, dy));
+        entity.addComponent(new Physics(mass, bounce, friction));
+        entity.addComponent(new Renderable(color, size, 'circle'));
+        entity.addComponent(new Lifetime(5 + Math.random() * 10));
+    }
+
+    private spawnParticleExplosion(centerX: number, centerY: number, count: number = 50): void {
+        for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            const entity = this.scene.createEntity(`Explosion_${Date.now()}_${i}`);
+
+            const angle = (Math.PI * 2 * i) / count + (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.5;
+            const distance = Math.random() * 30;
+            const x = centerX + Math.cos(angle) * distance;
+            const y = centerY + Math.sin(angle) * distance;
+
+            const speed = 100 + Math.random() * 150;
+            const dx = Math.cos(angle) * speed;
+            const dy = Math.sin(angle) * speed;
+            const mass = 0.5 + Math.random() * 1;
+            const bounce = 0.8 + Math.random() * 0.2;
+
+            const colors = ['#ffaa00', '#ff6600', '#ff0066', '#ff3300', '#ffff00'];
+            const color = colors[Math.floor(Math.random() * colors.length)];
+            const size = Math.random() * 4 + 2;
+
+            entity.addComponent(new Position(x, y));
+            entity.addComponent(new Velocity(dx, dy));
+            entity.addComponent(new Physics(mass, bounce, 0.999));
+            entity.addComponent(new Renderable(color, size, 'circle'));
+            entity.addComponent(new Lifetime(2 + Math.random() * 3));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private clearAllEntities(): void {
+        const entities = [...this.scene.entities.buffer];
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            entity.destroy();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private toggleWorker(): boolean {
+        const workerInfo = this.physicsSystem.getWorkerInfo();
+        const newWorkerEnabled = !workerInfo.enabled;
+
+        // 保存当前物理配置
+        const currentConfig = this.physicsSystem.getPhysicsConfig();
+
+        this.scene.removeSystem(this.physicsSystem);
+        this.physicsSystem = new PhysicsWorkerSystem(newWorkerEnabled, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
+        this.physicsSystem.updateOrder = 1;
+
+        // 恢复物理配置
+        this.physicsSystem.updatePhysicsConfig(currentConfig);
+
+        this.scene.addSystem(this.physicsSystem);
+
+        return newWorkerEnabled;
+    }
+
+    private updateWorkerConfig(config: { gravity?: number; friction?: number }): void {
+        if (config.gravity !== undefined || config.friction !== undefined) {
+            const physicsConfig = this.physicsSystem.getPhysicsConfig();
+            this.physicsSystem.updatePhysicsConfig({
+                gravity: config.gravity ?? physicsConfig.gravity,
+                groundFriction: config.friction ?? physicsConfig.groundFriction
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}

examples/core-demos/src/demos/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { DemoBase } from './DemoBase';
+import { SerializationDemo } from './SerializationDemo';
+import { IncrementalSerializationDemo } from './IncrementalSerializationDemo';
+import { WorkerSystemDemo } from './WorkerSystemDemo';
+
+export { DemoBase, SerializationDemo, IncrementalSerializationDemo, WorkerSystemDemo };
+
+// Demo注册表
+export const DEMO_REGISTRY: typeof DemoBase[] = [
+    SerializationDemo,
+    IncrementalSerializationDemo,
+    WorkerSystemDemo
+];

examples/core-demos/src/main.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+import { DEMO_REGISTRY, DemoBase } from './demos';
+import { Core } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
+
+class DemoManager {
+    private demos: Map<string, typeof DemoBase> = new Map();
+    private currentDemo: DemoBase | null = null;
+    private canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
+    private controlPanel: HTMLElement;
+
+    constructor() {
+        // 初始化ECS Core
+        Core.create({
+            debug: true,
+            enableEntitySystems: true
+        });
+
+        this.canvas = document.getElementById('demoCanvas') as HTMLCanvasElement;
+        this.controlPanel = document.getElementById('controlPanel') as HTMLElement;
+
+        // 注册所有demos
+        for (const DemoClass of DEMO_REGISTRY) {
+            const tempInstance = new DemoClass(this.canvas, this.controlPanel);
+            const info = tempInstance.getInfo();
+            this.demos.set(info.id, DemoClass);
+            tempInstance.destroy();
+        }
+
+        // 渲染demo列表
+        this.renderDemoList();
+
+        // 自动加载第一个demo
+        const firstDemo = DEMO_REGISTRY[0];
+        if (firstDemo) {
+            const tempInstance = new firstDemo(this.canvas, this.controlPanel);
+            const info = tempInstance.getInfo();
+            tempInstance.destroy();
+            this.loadDemo(info.id);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private renderDemoList() {
+        const demoList = document.getElementById('demoList')!;
+
+        // 按分类组织demos
+        const categories = new Map<string, typeof DemoBase[]>();
+
+        for (const DemoClass of DEMO_REGISTRY) {
+            const tempInstance = new DemoClass(this.canvas, this.controlPanel);
+            const info = tempInstance.getInfo();
+            tempInstance.destroy();
+
+            if (!categories.has(info.category)) {
+                categories.set(info.category, []);
+            }
+            categories.get(info.category)!.push(DemoClass);
+        }
+
+        // 渲染分类和demos
+        let html = '';
+        for (const [category, demoClasses] of categories) {
+            html += `<div class="demo-category">`;
+            html += `<div class="category-title">${category}</div>`;
+
+            for (const DemoClass of demoClasses) {
+                const tempInstance = new DemoClass(this.canvas, this.controlPanel);
+                const info = tempInstance.getInfo();
+                tempInstance.destroy();
+
+                html += `
+                    <div class="demo-item" data-demo-id="${info.id}">
+                        <div class="demo-icon">${info.icon}</div>
+                        <div class="demo-info">
+                            <div class="demo-name">${info.name}</div>
+                            <div class="demo-desc">${info.description}</div>
+                        </div>
+                    </div>
+                `;
+            }
+
+            html += `</div>`;
+        }
+
+        demoList.innerHTML = html;
+
+        // 绑定点击事件
+        demoList.querySelectorAll('.demo-item').forEach(item => {
+            item.addEventListener('click', () => {
+                const demoId = item.getAttribute('data-demo-id')!;
+                this.loadDemo(demoId);
+            });
+        });
+    }
+
+    private loadDemo(demoId: string) {
+        // 停止并销毁当前demo
+        if (this.currentDemo) {
+            this.currentDemo.destroy();
+            this.currentDemo = null;
+        }
+
+        // 显示加载动画
+        const loading = document.getElementById('loading')!;
+        loading.style.display = 'block';
+
+        // 延迟加载，给用户反馈
+        setTimeout(() => {
+            const DemoClass = this.demos.get(demoId);
+            if (!DemoClass) {
+                console.error(`Demo ${demoId} not found`);
+                loading.style.display = 'none';
+                return;
+            }
+
+            try {
+                // 创建新demo
+                this.currentDemo = new DemoClass(this.canvas, this.controlPanel);
+                const info = this.currentDemo.getInfo();
+
+                // 更新页面标题和描述
+                document.getElementById('demoTitle')!.textContent = info.name;
+                document.getElementById('demoDescription')!.textContent = info.description;
+
+                // 设置demo
+                this.currentDemo.setup();
+
+                // 显示控制面板
+                this.controlPanel.style.display = 'block';
+
+                // 启动demo
+                this.currentDemo.start();
+
+                // 更新菜单选中状态
+                document.querySelectorAll('.demo-item').forEach(item => {
+                    item.classList.remove('active');
+                    if (item.getAttribute('data-demo-id') === demoId) {
+                        item.classList.add('active');
+                    }
+                });
+
+                loading.style.display = 'none';
+
+                console.log(`✅ Demo "${info.name}" loaded successfully`);
+            } catch (error) {
+                console.error(`Failed to load demo ${demoId}:`, error);
+                loading.style.display = 'none';
+                this.showError('加载演示失败：' + (error as Error).message);
+            }
+        }, 300);
+    }
+
+    private showError(message: string) {
+        const toast = document.getElementById('toast')!;
+        const toastMessage = document.getElementById('toastMessage')!;
+        const toastIcon = toast.querySelector('.toast-icon')!;
+
+        toastIcon.textContent = '❌';
+        toastMessage.textContent = message;
+        toast.style.borderColor = '#f5576c';
+
+        toast.classList.add('show');
+        setTimeout(() => {
+            toast.classList.remove('show');
+            toast.style.borderColor = '#667eea';
+        }, 3000);
+    }
+}
+
+// 初始化
+window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
+    new DemoManager();
+});

examples/core-demos/tsconfig.json

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 {
   "compilerOptions": {
     "target": "ES2020",
-    "lib": ["ES2020", "DOM", "DOM.Iterable"],
+    "useDefineForClassFields": true,
     "module": "ESNext",
+    "lib": ["ES2020", "DOM", "DOM.Iterable"],
     "skipLibCheck": true,
     "moduleResolution": "bundler",
     "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
@@ -14,12 +15,7 @@
     "noUnusedParameters": true,
     "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true,
     "experimentalDecorators": true,
-    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
-    "baseUrl": ".",
-    "paths": {
-      "@/*": ["src/*"]
-    }
+    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true
   },
-  "include": ["src/**/*"],
-  "references": [{ "path": "./tsconfig.node.json" }]
-}
+  "include": ["src"]
+}

examples/core-demos/vite.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'vite';
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  server: {
+    port: 3003,
+    headers: {
+      'Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy': 'same-origin',
+      'Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy': 'require-corp'
+    }
+  },
+  build: {
+    target: 'es2020',
+    outDir: 'dist'
+  }
+});

examples/worker-system-demo/index.html

@@ -1,177 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="zh-CN">
-<head>
-    <meta charset="UTF-8">
-    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
-    <title>ECS Framework Worker System Demo</title>
-    <style>
-        body {
-            margin: 0;
-            padding: 20px;
-            font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
-            background: #1a1a1a;
-            color: white;
-        }
-
-        .container {
-            max-width: 1200px;
-            margin: 0 auto;
-        }
-
-        h1 {
-            text-align: center;
-            color: #4a9eff;
-        }
-
-        .demo-area {
-            display: flex;
-            gap: 20px;
-            margin-bottom: 20px;
-        }
-
-        .canvas-container {
-            flex: 1;
-        }
-
-        #gameCanvas {
-            border: 2px solid #4a9eff;
-            background: #000;
-            display: block;
-        }
-
-        .controls {
-            width: 300px;
-            background: #2a2a2a;
-            padding: 20px;
-            border-radius: 8px;
-        }
-
-        .control-group {
-            margin-bottom: 15px;
-        }
-
-        .control-group label {
-            display: block;
-            margin-bottom: 5px;
-            color: #ccc;
-        }
-
-        .control-group input, .control-group button {
-            width: 100%;
-            padding: 8px;
-            margin-bottom: 5px;
-            border: 1px solid #555;
-            background: #3a3a3a;
-            color: white;
-            border-radius: 4px;
-        }
-
-        .control-group button {
-            background: #4a9eff;
-            cursor: pointer;
-            transition: background 0.3s;
-        }
-
-        .control-group button:hover {
-            background: #3a8eef;
-        }
-
-        .control-group button:disabled {
-            background: #555;
-            cursor: not-allowed;
-        }
-
-        .stats {
-            background: #2a2a2a;
-            padding: 15px;
-            border-radius: 8px;
-            font-family: monospace;
-            font-size: 12px;
-        }
-
-        .stats h3 {
-            margin-top: 0;
-            color: #4a9eff;
-        }
-
-        .stat-line {
-            margin: 5px 0;
-        }
-
-        .worker-enabled {
-            color: #4eff4a;
-        }
-
-        .worker-disabled {
-            color: #ff4a4a;
-        }
-
-        .performance-high {
-            color: #4eff4a;
-        }
-
-        .performance-medium {
-            color: #ffff4a;
-        }
-
-        .performance-low {
-            color: #ff4a4a;
-        }
-    </style>
-</head>
-<body>
-    <div class="container">
-        <h1>ECS Framework Worker System 演示</h1>
-
-        <div class="demo-area">
-            <div class="canvas-container">
-                <canvas id="gameCanvas" width="800" height="600"></canvas>
-            </div>
-
-            <div class="controls">
-                <div class="control-group">
-                    <label>实体数量:</label>
-                    <input type="range" id="entityCount" min="100" max="10000" value="1000" step="100">
-                    <span id="entityCountValue">1000</span>
-                </div>
-
-                <div class="control-group">
-                    <label>Worker 设置:</label>
-                    <button id="toggleWorker">禁用 Worker</button>
-                    <button id="toggleSAB">禁用 SharedArrayBuffer</button>
-                </div>
-
-                <div class="control-group">
-                    <button id="spawnParticles">生成粒子系统</button>
-                    <button id="clearEntities">清空所有实体</button>
-                    <button id="resetDemo">重置演示</button>
-                </div>
-
-                <div class="control-group">
-                    <label>物理参数:</label>
-                    <input type="range" id="gravity" min="0" max="500" value="100" step="10">
-                    <label>重力: <span id="gravityValue">100</span></label>
-
-                    <input type="range" id="friction" min="0" max="100" value="95" step="5">
-                    <label>摩擦力: <span id="frictionValue">95%</span></label>
-                </div>
-            </div>
-        </div>
-
-        <div class="stats">
-            <h3>性能统计</h3>
-            <div class="stat-line">FPS: <span id="fps">0</span></div>
-            <div class="stat-line">实体数量: <span id="entityCountStat">0</span></div>
-            <div class="stat-line">Worker状态: <span id="workerStatus" class="worker-disabled">未启用</span></div>
-            <div class="stat-line">Worker负载: <span id="workerLoad">N/A</span></div>
-            <div class="stat-line">运行模式: <span id="sabStatus" class="worker-disabled">同步模式</span></div>
-            <div class="stat-line">物理系统耗时: <span id="physicsTime">0</span>ms</div>
-            <div class="stat-line">渲染系统耗时: <span id="renderTime">0</span>ms</div>
-            <div class="stat-line">总帧时间: <span id="frameTime">0</span>ms</div>
-            <div class="stat-line">内存使用: <span id="memoryUsage">0</span>MB</div>
-        </div>
-    </div>
-
-    <script type="module" src="src/main.ts"></script>
-</body>
-</html>

examples/worker-system-demo/src/GameScene.ts

@@ -1,187 +0,0 @@
-import { Scene } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
-import { PhysicsWorkerSystem, RenderSystem, LifetimeSystem } from './systems';
-import { Position, Velocity, Physics, Renderable, Lifetime } from './components';
-
-export class GameScene extends Scene {
-    private canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
-    private physicsSystem!: PhysicsWorkerSystem;
-    private renderSystem!: RenderSystem;
-    private lifetimeSystem!: LifetimeSystem;
-
-    constructor(canvas: HTMLCanvasElement) {
-        super();
-        this.canvas = canvas;
-    }
-
-    override initialize(): void {
-        this.name = "WorkerDemoScene";
-
-        // 创建系统
-        this.physicsSystem = new PhysicsWorkerSystem(true); // 默认启用Worker
-        this.renderSystem = new RenderSystem(this.canvas);
-        this.lifetimeSystem = new LifetimeSystem();
-
-        // 设置系统执行顺序
-        this.physicsSystem.updateOrder = 1;
-        this.lifetimeSystem.updateOrder = 2;
-        this.renderSystem.updateOrder = 3;
-
-        // 添加系统到场景
-        this.addSystem(this.physicsSystem);
-        this.addSystem(this.lifetimeSystem);
-        this.addSystem(this.renderSystem);
-    }
-
-    override onStart(): void {
-        console.log("Worker演示场景已启动");
-        this.spawnInitialEntities();
-    }
-
-    override unload(): void {
-        console.log("Worker演示场景已卸载");
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 生成初始实体
-     */
-    public spawnInitialEntities(count: number = 1000): void {
-        this.clearAllEntities();
-
-        for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-            this.createParticle();
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 创建一个粒子实体
-     */
-    public createParticle(): void {
-        const entity = this.createEntity(`Particle_${Date.now()}_${Math.random()}`);
-
-        // 随机位置
-        const x = Math.random() * (this.canvas.width - 20) + 10;
-        const y = Math.random() * (this.canvas.height - 20) + 10;
-
-        // 随机速度
-        const dx = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 200;
-        const dy = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 200;
-
-        const mass = Math.random() * 3 + 2;
-        const bounce = 0.85 + Math.random() * 0.15;
-        const friction = 0.998 + Math.random() * 0.002;
-
-        // 随机颜色和大小 - 增加更多颜色提高多样性
-        const colors = [
-            '#ff4444', '#44ff44', '#4444ff', '#ffff44', '#ff44ff', '#44ffff', '#ffffff',
-            '#ff8844', '#88ff44', '#4488ff', '#ff4488', '#88ff88', '#8888ff', '#ffaa44',
-            '#aaff44', '#44aaff', '#ff44aa', '#aa44ff', '#44ffaa', '#cccccc'
-        ];
-        const color = colors[Math.floor(Math.random() * colors.length)];
-        const size = Math.random() * 6 + 3;
-
-        // 添加组件
-        entity.addComponent(new Position(x, y));
-        entity.addComponent(new Velocity(dx, dy));
-        entity.addComponent(new Physics(mass, bounce, friction));
-        entity.addComponent(new Renderable(color, size, 'circle'));
-        entity.addComponent(new Lifetime(5 + Math.random() * 10)); // 5-15秒生命周期
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 生成粒子爆发效果
-     */
-    public spawnParticleExplosion(centerX: number, centerY: number, count: number = 50): void {
-        for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-            const entity = this.createEntity(`Explosion_${Date.now()}_${i}`);
-
-            // 在中心点周围随机分布
-            const angle = (Math.PI * 2 * i) / count + (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.5;
-            const distance = Math.random() * 30;
-            const x = centerX + Math.cos(angle) * distance;
-            const y = centerY + Math.sin(angle) * distance;
-
-            // 爆炸速度
-            const speed = 100 + Math.random() * 150;
-            const dx = Math.cos(angle) * speed;
-            const dy = Math.sin(angle) * speed;
-
-            const mass = 0.5 + Math.random() * 1;
-            const bounce = 0.8 + Math.random() * 0.2;
-
-            // 亮色
-            const colors = ['#ffaa00', '#ff6600', '#ff0066', '#ff3300', '#ffff00'];
-            const color = colors[Math.floor(Math.random() * colors.length)];
-            const size = Math.random() * 4 + 2;
-
-            entity.addComponent(new Position(x, y));
-            entity.addComponent(new Velocity(dx, dy));
-            entity.addComponent(new Physics(mass, bounce, 0.999));
-            entity.addComponent(new Renderable(color, size, 'circle'));
-            entity.addComponent(new Lifetime(2 + Math.random() * 3)); // 短生命周期
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 清空所有实体
-     */
-    public clearAllEntities(): void {
-        const entities = [...this.entities.buffer]; // 复制数组避免修改原数组
-        for (const entity of entities) {
-            entity.destroy();
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 切换Worker启用状态
-     */
-    public toggleWorker(): boolean {
-        const workerInfo = this.physicsSystem.getWorkerInfo();
-        const newWorkerEnabled = !workerInfo.enabled;
-
-        // 重新创建物理系统
-        this.removeSystem(this.physicsSystem);
-        this.physicsSystem = new PhysicsWorkerSystem(newWorkerEnabled);
-        this.physicsSystem.updateOrder = 1;
-        this.addSystem(this.physicsSystem);
-
-        return newWorkerEnabled;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 更新Worker配置
-     */
-    public updateWorkerConfig(config: { gravity?: number; friction?: number }): void {
-        if (config.gravity !== undefined || config.friction !== undefined) {
-            const physicsConfig = this.physicsSystem.getPhysicsConfig();
-            this.physicsSystem.updatePhysicsConfig({
-                gravity: config.gravity ?? physicsConfig.gravity,
-                groundFriction: config.friction ?? physicsConfig.groundFriction
-            });
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 切换 SharedArrayBuffer 状态
-     */
-    public toggleSharedArrayBuffer(): void {
-        this.physicsSystem.disableSharedArrayBuffer();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 获取物理系统状态
-     */
-    public getPhysicsSystemStatus() {
-        return this.physicsSystem.getCurrentStatus();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 获取系统信息
-     */
-    public getSystemInfo() {
-        return {
-            physics: this.physicsSystem.getWorkerInfo(),
-            entityCount: this.entities.count,
-            physicsConfig: this.physicsSystem.getPhysicsConfig()
-        };
-    }
-}

examples/worker-system-demo/src/components/index.ts

@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-import { Component, ECSComponent } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
-
-// 位置组件
-@ECSComponent('Position')
-export class Position extends Component {
-    x: number = 0;
-    y: number = 0;
-
-    constructor(x: number = 0, y: number = 0) {
-        super();
-        this.x = x;
-        this.y = y;
-    }
-
-    set(x: number, y: number): void {
-        this.x = x;
-        this.y = y;
-    }
-}
-
-// 速度组件
-@ECSComponent('Velocity')
-export class Velocity extends Component {
-    dx: number = 0;
-    dy: number = 0;
-
-    constructor(dx: number = 0, dy: number = 0) {
-        super();
-        this.dx = dx;
-        this.dy = dy;
-    }
-
-    set(dx: number, dy: number): void {
-        this.dx = dx;
-        this.dy = dy;
-    }
-
-    scale(factor: number): void {
-        this.dx *= factor;
-        this.dy *= factor;
-    }
-}
-
-// 物理组件
-@ECSComponent('Physics')
-export class Physics extends Component {
-    mass: number = 1;
-    bounce: number = 0.8;
-    friction: number = 0.95;
-
-    constructor(mass: number = 1, bounce: number = 0.8, friction: number = 0.95) {
-        super();
-        this.mass = mass;
-        this.bounce = bounce;
-        this.friction = friction;
-    }
-}
-
-// 渲染组件
-@ECSComponent('Renderable')
-export class Renderable extends Component {
-    color: string = '#ffffff';
-    size: number = 5;
-    shape: 'circle' | 'square' = 'circle';
-
-    constructor(color: string = '#ffffff', size: number = 5, shape: 'circle' | 'square' = 'circle') {
-        super();
-        this.color = color;
-        this.size = size;
-        this.shape = shape;
-    }
-}
-
-// 生命周期组件
-@ECSComponent('Lifetime')
-export class Lifetime extends Component {
-    maxAge: number = 5;
-    currentAge: number = 0;
-
-    constructor(maxAge: number = 5) {
-        super();
-        this.maxAge = maxAge;
-        this.currentAge = 0;
-    }
-
-    isDead(): boolean {
-        return this.currentAge >= this.maxAge;
-    }
-}

examples/worker-system-demo/src/main.ts

@@ -1,376 +0,0 @@
-import { Core, PlatformManager } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
-import { GameScene } from './GameScene';
-import { BrowserAdapter } from './platform/BrowserAdapter';
-
-// 性能监控
-interface PerformanceStats {
-    fps: number;
-    frameTime: number;
-    physicsTime: number;
-    renderTime: number;
-    memoryUsage: number;
-}
-
-class WorkerDemo {
-    private gameScene: GameScene;
-    private canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
-    private isRunning = false;
-    private lastTime = 0;
-    private frameCount = 0;
-    private fpsUpdateTime = 0;
-    private currentFPS = 0;
-    private lastWorkerStatusUpdate = 0;
-
-    // UI元素
-    private elements: { [key: string]: HTMLElement } = {};
-
-    constructor() {
-        // 注册浏览器适配器
-        const browserAdapter = new BrowserAdapter();
-        PlatformManager.getInstance().registerAdapter(browserAdapter);
-
-        // 获取canvas
-        this.canvas = document.getElementById('gameCanvas') as HTMLCanvasElement;
-        if (!this.canvas) {
-            throw new Error('Canvas element not found');
-        }
-
-        // 初始化UI元素引用
-        this.initializeUIElements();
-
-        // 初始化ECS Core
-        Core.create({
-            debug: true,
-            enableEntitySystems: true
-        });
-
-        // 创建游戏场景
-        this.gameScene = new GameScene(this.canvas);
-
-        // 设置场景
-        Core.setScene(this.gameScene);
-
-        // 绑定事件
-        this.bindEvents();
-
-        // 启动演示
-        this.start();
-    }
-
-    private initializeUIElements(): void {
-        const elementIds = [
-            'entityCount', 'entityCountValue', 'toggleWorker', 'toggleSAB',
-            'gravity', 'gravityValue', 'friction', 'frictionValue', 'spawnParticles',
-            'clearEntities', 'resetDemo', 'fps', 'entityCountStat', 'workerStatus', 'workerLoad',
-            'physicsTime', 'renderTime', 'frameTime', 'memoryUsage', 'sabStatus'
-        ];
-
-        for (const id of elementIds) {
-            const element = document.getElementById(id);
-            if (element) {
-                this.elements[id] = element;
-            } else {
-                console.warn(`Element with id '${id}' not found`);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    private bindEvents(): void {
-        // 实体数量滑块
-        if (this.elements.entityCount && this.elements.entityCountValue) {
-            const slider = this.elements.entityCount as HTMLInputElement;
-            slider.addEventListener('input', () => {
-                this.elements.entityCountValue.textContent = slider.value;
-            });
-
-            slider.addEventListener('change', () => {
-                const count = parseInt(slider.value);
-                this.gameScene.spawnInitialEntities(count);
-            });
-        }
-
-        // Worker切换按钮
-        if (this.elements.toggleWorker) {
-            this.elements.toggleWorker.addEventListener('click', () => {
-                const workerEnabled = this.gameScene.toggleWorker();
-                this.elements.toggleWorker.textContent = workerEnabled ? '禁用 Worker' : '启用 Worker';
-                this.updateWorkerStatus();
-            });
-        }
-
-        // SharedArrayBuffer切换按钮
-        if (this.elements.toggleSAB) {
-            this.elements.toggleSAB.addEventListener('click', () => {
-                this.gameScene.toggleSharedArrayBuffer();
-                this.updateWorkerStatus();
-            });
-        }
-
-
-        // 重力滑块
-        if (this.elements.gravity && this.elements.gravityValue) {
-            const slider = this.elements.gravity as HTMLInputElement;
-            slider.addEventListener('input', () => {
-                this.elements.gravityValue.textContent = slider.value;
-            });
-
-            slider.addEventListener('change', () => {
-                const gravity = parseInt(slider.value);
-                this.gameScene.updateWorkerConfig({ gravity });
-            });
-        }
-
-        // 摩擦力滑块
-        if (this.elements.friction && this.elements.frictionValue) {
-            const slider = this.elements.friction as HTMLInputElement;
-            slider.addEventListener('input', () => {
-                const value = parseInt(slider.value);
-                this.elements.frictionValue.textContent = `${value}%`;
-            });
-
-            slider.addEventListener('change', () => {
-                const friction = parseInt(slider.value) / 100;
-                this.gameScene.updateWorkerConfig({ friction });
-            });
-        }
-
-        // 生成粒子按钮
-        if (this.elements.spawnParticles) {
-            this.elements.spawnParticles.addEventListener('click', () => {
-                const centerX = this.canvas.width / 2;
-                const centerY = this.canvas.height / 2;
-                this.gameScene.spawnParticleExplosion(centerX, centerY, 100);
-            });
-        }
-
-        // 清空实体按钮
-        if (this.elements.clearEntities) {
-            this.elements.clearEntities.addEventListener('click', () => {
-                this.gameScene.clearAllEntities();
-            });
-        }
-
-        // 重置演示按钮
-        if (this.elements.resetDemo) {
-            this.elements.resetDemo.addEventListener('click', () => {
-                this.resetDemo();
-            });
-        }
-
-        // Canvas点击事件 - 在点击位置生成粒子爆发
-        this.canvas.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
-            const rect = this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
-            const x = event.clientX - rect.left;
-            const y = event.clientY - rect.top;
-            this.gameScene.spawnParticleExplosion(x, y, 30);
-        });
-    }
-
-    private start(): void {
-        this.isRunning = true;
-        this.lastTime = performance.now();
-        this.gameLoop();
-        console.log('Worker演示已启动');
-    }
-
-    private gameLoop = (): void => {
-        if (!this.isRunning) return;
-
-        const currentTime = performance.now();
-        const deltaTime = (currentTime - this.lastTime) / 1000; // 转换为秒
-        this.lastTime = currentTime;
-
-        // 更新ECS框架
-        const frameStartTime = performance.now();
-        Core.update(deltaTime);
-        const frameEndTime = performance.now();
-
-        // 更新性能统计
-        this.updatePerformanceStats({
-            fps: this.currentFPS,
-            frameTime: frameEndTime - frameStartTime,
-            physicsTime: (window as any).physicsExecutionTime || 0,
-            renderTime: (window as any).renderExecutionTime || 0,
-            memoryUsage: this.getMemoryUsage()
-        });
-
-        // 更新FPS计算
-        this.frameCount++;
-        if (currentTime - this.fpsUpdateTime >= 1000) {
-            this.currentFPS = this.frameCount;
-            this.frameCount = 0;
-            this.fpsUpdateTime = currentTime;
-        }
-
-        // 更新UI
-        this.updateUI();
-
-        // 继续循环
-        requestAnimationFrame(this.gameLoop);
-    };
-
-    private updatePerformanceStats(stats: PerformanceStats): void {
-        if (this.elements.fps) {
-            this.elements.fps.textContent = stats.fps.toString();
-            this.elements.fps.className = stats.fps >= 55 ? 'performance-high' :
-                                         stats.fps >= 30 ? 'performance-medium' : 'performance-low';
-        }
-
-        if (this.elements.frameTime) {
-            this.elements.frameTime.textContent = stats.frameTime.toFixed(2);
-            this.elements.frameTime.className = stats.frameTime <= 16 ? 'performance-high' :
-                                               stats.frameTime <= 33 ? 'performance-medium' : 'performance-low';
-        }
-
-        if (this.elements.physicsTime) {
-            this.elements.physicsTime.textContent = stats.physicsTime.toFixed(2);
-            this.elements.physicsTime.className = stats.physicsTime <= 8 ? 'performance-high' :
-                                                 stats.physicsTime <= 16 ? 'performance-medium' : 'performance-low';
-        }
-
-        if (this.elements.renderTime) {
-            this.elements.renderTime.textContent = stats.renderTime.toFixed(2);
-            this.elements.renderTime.className = stats.renderTime <= 8 ? 'performance-high' :
-                                                stats.renderTime <= 16 ? 'performance-medium' : 'performance-low';
-        }
-
-        if (this.elements.memoryUsage) {
-            this.elements.memoryUsage.textContent = stats.memoryUsage.toFixed(1);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private updateUI(): void {
-        const currentTime = performance.now();
-        const systemInfo = this.gameScene.getSystemInfo();
-
-        // 更新实体数量（每帧更新）
-        if (this.elements.entityCountStat) {
-            this.elements.entityCountStat.textContent = systemInfo.entityCount.toString();
-        }
-
-        // 更新Worker状态（每500ms更新一次即可）
-        if (currentTime - this.lastWorkerStatusUpdate >= 500) {
-            this.updateWorkerStatus();
-            this.lastWorkerStatusUpdate = currentTime;
-        }
-
-        // 更新全局Worker信息供其他系统使用
-        (window as any).workerInfo = systemInfo.physics;
-    }
-
-    private updateWorkerStatus(): void {
-        const systemInfo = this.gameScene.getSystemInfo();
-        const workerInfo = systemInfo.physics;
-        const entityCount = systemInfo.entityCount;
-        const status = this.gameScene.getPhysicsSystemStatus();
-
-        if (this.elements.workerStatus) {
-            if (workerInfo.enabled) {
-                this.elements.workerStatus.textContent = `启用 (${workerInfo.workerCount} Workers)`;
-                this.elements.workerStatus.className = 'worker-enabled';
-            } else {
-                this.elements.workerStatus.textContent = '禁用';
-                this.elements.workerStatus.className = 'worker-disabled';
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (this.elements.workerLoad) {
-            if (workerInfo.enabled && entityCount > 0) {
-                const entitiesPerWorker = Math.ceil(entityCount / workerInfo.workerCount);
-                this.elements.workerLoad.textContent = `${entitiesPerWorker}/Worker (共${workerInfo.workerCount}个)`;
-            } else {
-                this.elements.workerLoad.textContent = 'N/A';
-            }
-        }
-
-        // 更新 SharedArrayBuffer 状态
-        if (this.elements.sabStatus) {
-            const modeNames = {
-                'shared-buffer': 'SharedArrayBuffer模式',
-                'single-worker': '单Worker模式',
-                'multi-worker': '多Worker模式',
-                'sync': '同步模式'
-            };
-
-            this.elements.sabStatus.textContent = modeNames[status.mode] || status.mode;
-            this.elements.sabStatus.className = status.mode === 'shared-buffer' ? 'worker-enabled' : 'worker-disabled';
-        }
-
-        // 更新 SharedArrayBuffer 按钮文本
-        if (this.elements.toggleSAB) {
-            if (status.sharedArrayBufferEnabled) {
-                this.elements.toggleSAB.textContent = '禁用 SharedArrayBuffer';
-            } else {
-                this.elements.toggleSAB.textContent = '启用 SharedArrayBuffer';
-                this.elements.toggleSAB.setAttribute('disabled', 'true'); // SAB 一旦禁用就无法重新启用
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    private getMemoryUsage(): number {
-        if ('memory' in performance) {
-            const memory = (performance as any).memory;
-            return memory.usedJSHeapSize / (1024 * 1024); // MB
-        }
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    private resetDemo(): void {
-        // 重置所有控件到默认值
-        if (this.elements.entityCount) {
-            (this.elements.entityCount as HTMLInputElement).value = '1000';
-            this.elements.entityCountValue.textContent = '1000';
-        }
-
-
-        if (this.elements.gravity) {
-            (this.elements.gravity as HTMLInputElement).value = '100';
-            this.elements.gravityValue.textContent = '100';
-        }
-
-        if (this.elements.friction) {
-            (this.elements.friction as HTMLInputElement).value = '95';
-            this.elements.frictionValue.textContent = '95%';
-        }
-
-        // 确保Worker被启用
-        const workerInfo = this.gameScene.getSystemInfo().physics;
-        if (!workerInfo.enabled) {
-            this.gameScene.toggleWorker(); // 只有在禁用时才切换
-        }
-        if (this.elements.toggleWorker) {
-            this.elements.toggleWorker.textContent = '禁用 Worker';
-        }
-
-        // 重新生成实体
-        this.gameScene.spawnInitialEntities(1000);
-
-        // 重置配置
-        this.gameScene.updateWorkerConfig({
-            gravity: 100,
-            friction: 0.95
-        });
-
-        console.log('演示已重置');
-    }
-
-    public stop(): void {
-        this.isRunning = false;
-    }
-}
-
-// 启动演示
-document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
-    try {
-        new WorkerDemo();
-    } catch (error) {
-        console.error('启动演示失败:', error);
-        document.body.innerHTML = `
-            <div style="padding: 20px; color: red;">
-                <h1>启动失败</h1>
-                <p>错误: ${error}</p>
-                <p>请确保浏览器支持Web Workers和Canvas API</p>
-            </div>
-        `;
-    }
-});

examples/worker-system-demo/src/systems/LifetimeSystem.ts

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-import { EntitySystem, Matcher, Entity, ECSSystem, Time } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
-import { Lifetime } from '../components';
-
-@ECSSystem('LifetimeSystem')
-export class LifetimeSystem extends EntitySystem {
-    constructor() {
-        super(Matcher.empty().all(Lifetime));
-    }
-
-    protected override process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
-        const entitiesToRemove: Entity[] = [];
-
-        for (const entity of entities) {
-            const lifetime = entity.getComponent(Lifetime)!;
-
-            // 更新年龄
-            lifetime.currentAge += Time.deltaTime;
-
-            // 检查是否需要销毁
-            if (lifetime.isDead()) {
-                entitiesToRemove.push(entity);
-            }
-        }
-
-        // 销毁过期的实体
-        for (const entity of entitiesToRemove) {
-            entity.destroy();
-        }
-    }
-}

examples/worker-system-demo/src/systems/PhysicsWorkerSystem.ts

@@ -1,513 +0,0 @@
-import { WorkerEntitySystem, Matcher, Entity, ECSSystem, SharedArrayBufferProcessFunction } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
-import { Position, Velocity, Physics, Renderable } from '../components';
-
-interface PhysicsEntityData {
-    id: number;
-    x: number;
-    y: number;
-    dx: number;
-    dy: number;
-    mass: number;
-    bounce: number;
-    friction: number;
-    radius: number;
-}
-
-interface PhysicsConfig {
-    gravity: number;
-    canvasWidth: number;
-    canvasHeight: number;
-    groundFriction: number;
-}
-
-@ECSSystem('PhysicsWorkerSystem')
-export class PhysicsWorkerSystem extends WorkerEntitySystem<PhysicsEntityData> {
-    private physicsConfig: PhysicsConfig = {
-        gravity: 100,
-        canvasWidth: 800,
-        canvasHeight: 600,
-        groundFriction: 0.98 // 减少地面摩擦
-    };
-
-    constructor(enableWorker: boolean = true) {
-        const defaultConfig = {
-            gravity: 100,
-            canvasWidth: 800,
-            canvasHeight: 600,
-            groundFriction: 0.98
-        };
-
-        // 检查 SharedArrayBuffer 是否可用
-        const isSharedArrayBufferAvailable = typeof SharedArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && self.crossOriginIsolated;
-
-        super(
-            Matcher.empty().all(Position, Velocity, Physics),
-            {
-                enableWorker,
-                // 当 SharedArrayBuffer 可用时使用多 Worker，否则使用单 Worker 保证碰撞检测完整性
-                workerCount: isSharedArrayBufferAvailable ? (navigator.hardwareConcurrency || 2) : 1,
-                systemConfig: defaultConfig,
-                useSharedArrayBuffer: true // 优先使用 SharedArrayBuffer
-            }
-        );
-    }
-
-    protected extractEntityData(entity: Entity): PhysicsEntityData {
-        const position = entity.getComponent(Position)!;
-        const velocity = entity.getComponent(Velocity)!;
-        const physics = entity.getComponent(Physics)!;
-        const renderable = entity.getComponent(Renderable)!;
-
-        return {
-            id: entity.id,
-            x: position.x,
-            y: position.y,
-            dx: velocity.dx,
-            dy: velocity.dy,
-            mass: physics.mass,
-            bounce: physics.bounce,
-            friction: physics.friction,
-            radius: renderable.size
-        };
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Worker处理函数 - 纯函数，会被序列化到Worker中执行
-     * 注意：这个函数内部不能访问外部变量，必须是纯函数
-     * 非SharedArrayBuffer模式：每个Worker只能看到分配给它的实体批次
-     * 这会导致跨批次的碰撞检测缺失，但单批次内的碰撞是正确的
-     */
-    protected workerProcess(
-        entities: PhysicsEntityData[],
-        deltaTime: number,
-        systemConfig?: PhysicsConfig
-    ): PhysicsEntityData[] {
-        const config = systemConfig || {
-            gravity: 100,
-            canvasWidth: 800,
-            canvasHeight: 600,
-            groundFriction: 0.98
-        };
-
-        // 创建实体副本以避免修改原始数据
-        const result = entities.map(e => ({ ...e }));
-
-        // 应用重力和基础物理
-        for (let i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
-            const entity = result[i];
-
-            // 应用重力
-            entity.dy += config.gravity * deltaTime;
-
-            // 更新位置
-            entity.x += entity.dx * deltaTime;
-            entity.y += entity.dy * deltaTime;
-
-            // 边界碰撞检测和处理
-            if (entity.x <= entity.radius) {
-                entity.x = entity.radius;
-                entity.dx = -entity.dx * entity.bounce;
-            } else if (entity.x >= config.canvasWidth - entity.radius) {
-                entity.x = config.canvasWidth - entity.radius;
-                entity.dx = -entity.dx * entity.bounce;
-            }
-
-            if (entity.y <= entity.radius) {
-                entity.y = entity.radius;
-                entity.dy = -entity.dy * entity.bounce;
-            } else if (entity.y >= config.canvasHeight - entity.radius) {
-                entity.y = config.canvasHeight - entity.radius;
-                entity.dy = -entity.dy * entity.bounce;
-
-                // 地面摩擦力
-                entity.dx *= config.groundFriction;
-            }
-
-            // 空气阻力
-            entity.dx *= entity.friction;
-            entity.dy *= entity.friction;
-        }
-
-        // 小球间碰撞检测
-        for (let i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
-            for (let j = i + 1; j < result.length; j++) {
-                const ball1 = result[i];
-                const ball2 = result[j];
-
-                // 计算距离
-                const dx = ball2.x - ball1.x;
-                const dy = ball2.y - ball1.y;
-                const distance = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
-                const minDistance = ball1.radius + ball2.radius;
-
-                // 检测碰撞
-                if (distance < minDistance && distance > 0) {
-                    // 碰撞法线
-                    const nx = dx / distance;
-                    const ny = dy / distance;
-
-                    // 分离小球以避免重叠
-                    const overlap = minDistance - distance;
-                    const separationX = nx * overlap * 0.5;
-                    const separationY = ny * overlap * 0.5;
-
-                    ball1.x -= separationX;
-                    ball1.y -= separationY;
-                    ball2.x += separationX;
-                    ball2.y += separationY;
-
-                    // 相对速度
-                    const relativeVelocityX = ball2.dx - ball1.dx;
-                    const relativeVelocityY = ball2.dy - ball1.dy;
-
-                    // 沿碰撞法线的速度分量
-                    const velocityAlongNormal = relativeVelocityX * nx + relativeVelocityY * ny;
-
-                    // 如果速度分量为正，小球正在分离，不需要处理
-                    if (velocityAlongNormal > 0) continue;
-
-                    // 计算弹性系数（两球弹性的平均值）
-                    const restitution = (ball1.bounce + ball2.bounce) * 0.5;
-
-                    // 计算冲量大小
-                    const impulseScalar = -(1 + restitution) * velocityAlongNormal / (1/ball1.mass + 1/ball2.mass);
-
-                    // 应用冲量
-                    const impulseX = impulseScalar * nx;
-                    const impulseY = impulseScalar * ny;
-
-                    ball1.dx -= impulseX / ball1.mass;
-                    ball1.dy -= impulseY / ball1.mass;
-                    ball2.dx += impulseX / ball2.mass;
-                    ball2.dy += impulseY / ball2.mass;
-
-                    // 轻微的能量损失，保持活力
-                    const energyLoss = 0.98;
-                    ball1.dx *= energyLoss;
-                    ball1.dy *= energyLoss;
-                    ball2.dx *= energyLoss;
-                    ball2.dy *= energyLoss;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 应用处理结果
-     */
-    protected applyResult(entity: Entity, result: PhysicsEntityData): void {
-        // 检查实体是否仍然存在且有效
-        if (!entity || !entity.enabled) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        const position = entity.getComponent(Position);
-        const velocity = entity.getComponent(Velocity);
-
-        // 检查组件是否仍然存在（实体可能在Worker处理期间被修改）
-        if (!position || !velocity) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        position.set(result.x, result.y);
-        velocity.set(result.dx, result.dy);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 更新物理配置
-     */
-    public updatePhysicsConfig(newConfig: Partial<PhysicsConfig>): void {
-        Object.assign(this.physicsConfig, newConfig);
-        this.updateConfig({ systemConfig: this.physicsConfig });
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 获取物理配置
-     */
-    public getPhysicsConfig(): PhysicsConfig {
-        return { ...this.physicsConfig };
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 禁用 SharedArrayBuffer（用于测试降级行为）
-     */
-    public disableSharedArrayBuffer(): void {
-        console.log(`[${this.systemName}] Disabling SharedArrayBuffer for testing - falling back to single Worker mode`);
-
-        // 使用正式的配置更新 API
-        this.updateConfig({
-            useSharedArrayBuffer: false
-        });
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 获取当前运行状态
-     */
-    public getCurrentStatus(): {
-        mode: 'shared-buffer' | 'single-worker' | 'multi-worker' | 'sync';
-        sharedArrayBufferEnabled: boolean;
-        workerCount: number;
-        workerEnabled: boolean;
-    } {
-        const workerInfo = this.getWorkerInfo();
-
-        let mode: 'shared-buffer' | 'single-worker' | 'multi-worker' | 'sync' = 'sync';
-
-        if (workerInfo.enabled) {
-            if (workerInfo.sharedArrayBufferEnabled && workerInfo.sharedArrayBufferSupported) {
-                mode = 'shared-buffer';
-            } else if (workerInfo.workerCount === 1) {
-                mode = 'single-worker';
-            } else {
-                mode = 'multi-worker';
-            }
-        }
-
-        return {
-            mode,
-            sharedArrayBufferEnabled: workerInfo.sharedArrayBufferEnabled,
-            workerCount: workerInfo.workerCount,
-            workerEnabled: workerInfo.enabled
-        };
-    }
-
-    private startTime: number = 0;
-
-
-    /**
-     * 性能监控
-     */
-    protected override onEnd(): void {
-        super.onEnd();
-        const endTime = performance.now();
-        const executionTime = endTime - this.startTime;
-
-        // 发送性能数据到UI
-        (window as any).physicsExecutionTime = executionTime;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 获取实体数据大小
-     */
-    protected getDefaultEntityDataSize(): number {
-        return 9; // id, x, y, dx, dy, mass, bounce, friction, radius
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 将实体数据写入SharedArrayBuffer
-     */
-    protected writeEntityToBuffer(entityData: PhysicsEntityData, offset: number): void {
-        const sharedArray = (this as any).sharedFloatArray as Float32Array;
-        if (!sharedArray) return;
-
-        // 在第一个位置存储当前实体数量，用于Worker函数判断实际有效数据范围
-        const currentEntityCount = Math.floor(offset / 9) + 1;
-        sharedArray[0] = currentEntityCount; // 元数据：实际实体数量
-
-        // 数据从索引9开始存储（第一个9个位置用作元数据区域）
-        const dataOffset = offset + 9;
-        sharedArray[dataOffset + 0] = entityData.id;
-        sharedArray[dataOffset + 1] = entityData.x;
-        sharedArray[dataOffset + 2] = entityData.y;
-        sharedArray[dataOffset + 3] = entityData.dx;
-        sharedArray[dataOffset + 4] = entityData.dy;
-        sharedArray[dataOffset + 5] = entityData.mass;
-        sharedArray[dataOffset + 6] = entityData.bounce;
-        sharedArray[dataOffset + 7] = entityData.friction;
-        sharedArray[dataOffset + 8] = entityData.radius;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 性能监控开始
-     */
-    protected override onBegin(): void {
-        super.onBegin();
-        this.startTime = performance.now();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 从SharedArrayBuffer读取实体数据
-     */
-    protected readEntityFromBuffer(offset: number): PhysicsEntityData | null {
-        const sharedArray = (this as any).sharedFloatArray as Float32Array;
-        if (!sharedArray) return null;
-
-        // 数据从索引9开始存储（第一个9个位置用作元数据区域）
-        const dataOffset = offset + 9;
-        return {
-            id: sharedArray[dataOffset + 0],
-            x: sharedArray[dataOffset + 1],
-            y: sharedArray[dataOffset + 2],
-            dx: sharedArray[dataOffset + 3],
-            dy: sharedArray[dataOffset + 4],
-            mass: sharedArray[dataOffset + 5],
-            bounce: sharedArray[dataOffset + 6],
-            friction: sharedArray[dataOffset + 7],
-            radius: sharedArray[dataOffset + 8]
-        };
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * SharedArrayBuffer处理函数
-     */
-    protected getSharedArrayBufferProcessFunction(): SharedArrayBufferProcessFunction {
-        return function(sharedFloatArray: Float32Array, startIndex: number, endIndex: number, deltaTime: number, systemConfig?: any) {
-            const config = systemConfig || {
-                gravity: 100,
-                canvasWidth: 800,
-                canvasHeight: 600,
-                groundFriction: 0.98
-            };
-
-            // 读取实际实体数量（存储在第一个位置）
-            const actualEntityCount = sharedFloatArray[0];
-
-            // 基础物理更新
-            for (let i = startIndex; i < endIndex && i < actualEntityCount; i++) {
-                const offset = i * 9 + 9; // 数据从索引9开始，加上元数据偏移
-
-                // 读取实体数据
-                const id = sharedFloatArray[offset + 0];
-                if (id === 0) continue; // 跳过无效实体
-
-                let x = sharedFloatArray[offset + 1];
-                let y = sharedFloatArray[offset + 2];
-                let dx = sharedFloatArray[offset + 3];
-                let dy = sharedFloatArray[offset + 4];
-                // const mass = sharedFloatArray[offset + 5]; // 未使用
-                const bounce = sharedFloatArray[offset + 6];
-                const friction = sharedFloatArray[offset + 7];
-                const radius = sharedFloatArray[offset + 8];
-
-                // 应用重力
-                dy += config.gravity * deltaTime;
-
-                // 更新位置
-                x += dx * deltaTime;
-                y += dy * deltaTime;
-
-                // 边界碰撞检测和处理
-                if (x <= radius) {
-                    x = radius;
-                    dx = -dx * bounce;
-                } else if (x >= config.canvasWidth - radius) {
-                    x = config.canvasWidth - radius;
-                    dx = -dx * bounce;
-                }
-
-                if (y <= radius) {
-                    y = radius;
-                    dy = -dy * bounce;
-                } else if (y >= config.canvasHeight - radius) {
-                    y = config.canvasHeight - radius;
-                    dy = -dy * bounce;
-
-                    // 地面摩擦力
-                    dx *= config.groundFriction;
-                }
-
-                // 空气阻力
-                dx *= friction;
-                dy *= friction;
-
-                // 写回数据
-                sharedFloatArray[offset + 1] = x;
-                sharedFloatArray[offset + 2] = y;
-                sharedFloatArray[offset + 3] = dx;
-                sharedFloatArray[offset + 4] = dy;
-            }
-
-            // 小球间碰撞检测
-            for (let i = startIndex; i < endIndex && i < actualEntityCount; i++) {
-                const offset1 = i * 9 + 9; // 数据从索引9开始，加上元数据偏移
-                const id1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 0];
-                if (id1 === 0) continue;
-
-                let x1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 1];
-                let y1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 2];
-                let dx1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 3];
-                let dy1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 4];
-                const mass1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 5];
-                const bounce1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 6];
-                const radius1 = sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 8];
-
-                // 检测与所有其他小球的碰撞（能看到所有实体，实现完整碰撞检测）
-                for (let j = 0; j < actualEntityCount; j++) {
-                    if (i === j) continue;
-
-                    const offset2 = j * 9 + 9; // 数据从索引9开始，加上元数据偏移
-                    const id2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 0];
-                    if (id2 === 0) continue;
-
-                    const x2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 1];
-                    const y2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 2];
-                    const dx2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 3];
-                    const dy2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 4];
-                    const mass2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 5];
-                    const bounce2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 6];
-                    const radius2 = sharedFloatArray[offset2 + 8];
-
-                    // 额外检查：确保位置和半径都是有效值
-                    if (isNaN(x2) || isNaN(y2) || isNaN(radius2) || radius2 <= 0) continue;
-
-                    // 计算距离
-                    const deltaX = x2 - x1;
-                    const deltaY = y2 - y1;
-                    const distance = Math.sqrt(deltaX * deltaX + deltaY * deltaY);
-                    const minDistance = radius1 + radius2;
-
-                    // 检测碰撞
-                    if (distance < minDistance && distance > 0) {
-                        // 碰撞法线
-                        const nx = deltaX / distance;
-                        const ny = deltaY / distance;
-
-                        // 分离小球 - 只调整当前Worker负责的球
-                        const overlap = minDistance - distance;
-                        const separationX = nx * overlap * 0.5;
-                        const separationY = ny * overlap * 0.5;
-
-                        x1 -= separationX;
-                        y1 -= separationY;
-
-                        // 相对速度
-                        const relativeVelocityX = dx2 - dx1;
-                        const relativeVelocityY = dy2 - dy1;
-
-                        // 沿碰撞法线的速度分量
-                        const velocityAlongNormal = relativeVelocityX * nx + relativeVelocityY * ny;
-
-                        // 如果速度分量为正，小球正在分离
-                        if (velocityAlongNormal > 0) continue;
-
-                        // 弹性系数
-                        const restitution = (bounce1 + bounce2) * 0.5;
-
-                        // 冲量计算
-                        const impulseScalar = -(1 + restitution) * velocityAlongNormal / (1/mass1 + 1/mass2);
-
-                        // 应用冲量到当前小球（只更新当前Worker负责的球）
-                        const impulseX = impulseScalar * nx;
-                        const impulseY = impulseScalar * ny;
-
-                        dx1 -= impulseX / mass1;
-                        dy1 -= impulseY / mass1;
-
-                        // 能量损失
-                        const energyLoss = 0.98;
-                        dx1 *= energyLoss;
-                        dy1 *= energyLoss;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // 只更新当前Worker负责的实体
-                sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 1] = x1;
-                sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 2] = y1;
-                sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 3] = dx1;
-                sharedFloatArray[offset1 + 4] = dy1;
-            }
-        };
-    }
-}

examples/worker-system-demo/src/systems/RenderSystem.ts

@@ -1,107 +0,0 @@
-import { EntitySystem, Matcher, Entity, ECSSystem } from '@esengine/ecs-framework';
-import { Position, Renderable } from '../components';
-
-@ECSSystem('RenderSystem')
-export class RenderSystem extends EntitySystem {
-    private canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
-    private ctx: CanvasRenderingContext2D;
-    private startTime: number = 0;
-    private batchCount: number = 0;
-    private drawCallCount: number = 0;
-
-    constructor(canvas: HTMLCanvasElement) {
-        super(Matcher.empty().all(Position, Renderable));
-        this.canvas = canvas;
-        this.ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')!;
-    }
-
-    protected override onBegin(): void {
-        super.onBegin();
-        this.startTime = performance.now();
-
-        // 清空画布
-        this.ctx.fillStyle = '#000000';
-        this.ctx.fillRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
-    }
-
-    protected override process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
-        // 保持原始绘制顺序，但优化连续相同颜色的绘制
-        let lastColor = '';
-        this.drawCallCount = 0;
-
-        for (const entity of entities) {
-            const position = entity.getComponent(Position)!;
-            const renderable = entity.getComponent(Renderable)!;
-
-            // 只在颜色变化时设置fillStyle，减少状态切换
-            if (renderable.color !== lastColor) {
-                this.ctx.fillStyle = renderable.color;
-                lastColor = renderable.color;
-            }
-
-            if (renderable.shape === 'circle') {
-                this.ctx.beginPath();
-                this.ctx.arc(position.x, position.y, renderable.size, 0, Math.PI * 2);
-                this.ctx.fill();
-                this.drawCallCount++;
-            } else if (renderable.shape === 'square') {
-                this.ctx.fillRect(
-                    position.x - renderable.size / 2,
-                    position.y - renderable.size / 2,
-                    renderable.size,
-                    renderable.size
-                );
-                this.drawCallCount++;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // 计算颜色多样性用于显示
-        const uniqueColors = new Set(entities.map(e => e.getComponent(Renderable)!.color));
-        this.batchCount = uniqueColors.size;
-    }
-
-    protected override onEnd(): void {
-        super.onEnd();
-        const endTime = performance.now();
-        const executionTime = endTime - this.startTime;
-
-        // 发送性能数据到UI
-        (window as any).renderExecutionTime = executionTime;
-
-        // 绘制调试信息
-        this.drawDebugInfo();
-    }
-
-    private drawDebugInfo(): void {
-        const entities = this.entities;
-
-        this.ctx.fillStyle = '#00ff00';
-        this.ctx.font = '14px Arial';
-        this.ctx.fillText(`实体数量: ${entities.length}`, 10, 20);
-        this.ctx.fillText(`渲染批次: ${this.batchCount}`, 10, 140);
-        this.ctx.fillText(`绘制调用: ${this.drawCallCount}`, 10, 160);
-
-        const workerInfo = (window as any).workerInfo;
-        if (workerInfo) {
-            this.ctx.fillStyle = workerInfo.enabled ? '#00ff00' : '#ff0000';
-            this.ctx.fillText(`Worker: ${workerInfo.enabled ? '启用' : '禁用'}`, 10, 40);
-
-            if (workerInfo.enabled) {
-                this.ctx.fillStyle = '#ffff00';
-                const entitiesPerWorker = Math.ceil(entities.length / workerInfo.workerCount);
-                this.ctx.fillText(`每个Worker实体: ${entitiesPerWorker}`, 10, 60);
-                this.ctx.fillText(`Worker数量: ${workerInfo.workerCount}`, 10, 80);
-            }
-        }
-
-        // 显示性能信息
-        const physicsTime = (window as any).physicsExecutionTime || 0;
-        const renderTime = (window as any).renderExecutionTime || 0;
-
-        this.ctx.fillStyle = physicsTime > 16 ? '#ff0000' : physicsTime > 8 ? '#ffff00' : '#00ff00';
-        this.ctx.fillText(`物理: ${physicsTime.toFixed(2)}ms`, 10, 100);
-
-        this.ctx.fillStyle = renderTime > 16 ? '#ff0000' : renderTime > 8 ? '#ffff00' : '#00ff00';
-        this.ctx.fillText(`渲染: ${renderTime.toFixed(2)}ms`, 10, 120);
-    }
-}

examples/worker-system-demo/src/systems/index.ts

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-export { PhysicsWorkerSystem } from './PhysicsWorkerSystem';
-export { RenderSystem } from './RenderSystem';
-export { LifetimeSystem } from './LifetimeSystem';

examples/worker-system-demo/tsconfig.node.json

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "compilerOptions": {
-    "composite": true,
-    "skipLibCheck": true,
-    "module": "ESNext",
-    "moduleResolution": "bundler",
-    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true
-  },
-  "include": ["vite.config.ts"]
-}

examples/worker-system-demo/vite.config.ts

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-import { defineConfig } from 'vite';
-
-export default defineConfig({
-  server: {
-    port: 3000,
-    open: true,
-    headers: {
-      'Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy': 'require-corp',
-      'Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy': 'same-origin'
-    }
-  },
-  build: {
-    target: 'es2020',
-    outDir: 'dist',
-    minify: false,
-    rollupOptions: {
-      output: {
-        format: 'es',
-        manualChunks: undefined
-      }
-    }
-  },
-  esbuild: {
-    target: 'es2020'
-  }
-});

package.json

@@ -55,7 +55,11 @@
     "docs:api": "typedoc",
     "docs:api:watch": "typedoc --watch",
     "update:worker-demo": "npm run build:core && cd examples/worker-system-demo && npm run build && cd ../.. && npm run copy:worker-demo",
-    "copy:worker-demo": "node scripts/update-worker-demo.js"
+    "copy:worker-demo": "node scripts/update-worker-demo.js",
+    "format": "prettier --write \"packages/**/src/**/*.{ts,tsx,js,jsx}\"",
+    "format:check": "prettier --check \"packages/**/src/**/*.{ts,tsx,js,jsx}\"",
+    "lint": "eslint \"packages/**/src/**/*.{ts,tsx,js,jsx}\"",
+    "lint:fix": "eslint \"packages/**/src/**/*.{ts,tsx,js,jsx}\" --fix"
   },
   "author": "yhh",
   "license": "MIT",
@@ -66,9 +70,13 @@
     "@rollup/plugin-terser": "^0.4.4",
     "@types/jest": "^29.5.14",
     "@types/node": "^20.19.0",
+    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^8.46.1",
+    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^8.46.1",
+    "eslint": "^9.37.0",
     "jest": "^29.7.0",
     "jest-environment-jsdom": "^29.7.0",
     "lerna": "^8.1.8",
+    "prettier": "^3.6.2",
     "rimraf": "^5.0.0",
     "rollup": "^4.42.0",
     "rollup-plugin-dts": "^6.2.1",

packages/core/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@esengine/ecs-framework",
-  "version": "2.1.51",
+  "version": "2.2.5",
   "description": "用于Laya、Cocos Creator等JavaScript游戏引擎的高性能ECS框架",
   "main": "bin/index.js",
   "types": "bin/index.d.ts",
@@ -75,5 +75,9 @@
     "type": "git",
     "url": "https://github.com/esengine/ecs-framework.git",
     "directory": "packages/core"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@msgpack/msgpack": "^3.0.0",
+    "tslib": "^2.8.1"
   }
 }

packages/core/rollup.config.cjs

@@ -52,6 +52,13 @@ module.exports = [
       })
     ],
     external,
+    onwarn(warning, warn) {
+      // 忽略 msgpack-lite 的循环依赖警告
+      if (warning.code === 'CIRCULAR_DEPENDENCY' && warning.ids && warning.ids.some(id => id.includes('msgpack-lite'))) {
+        return;
+      }
+      warn(warning);
+    },
     treeshake: {
       moduleSideEffects: false,
       propertyReadSideEffects: false,
@@ -78,6 +85,12 @@ module.exports = [
       })
     ],
     external,
+    onwarn(warning, warn) {
+      if (warning.code === 'CIRCULAR_DEPENDENCY' && warning.ids && warning.ids.some(id => id.includes('msgpack-lite'))) {
+        return;
+      }
+      warn(warning);
+    },
     treeshake: {
       moduleSideEffects: false
     }
@@ -103,6 +116,12 @@ module.exports = [
       })
     ],
     external: [],
+    onwarn(warning, warn) {
+      if (warning.code === 'CIRCULAR_DEPENDENCY' && warning.ids && warning.ids.some(id => id.includes('msgpack-lite'))) {
+        return;
+      }
+      warn(warning);
+    },
     treeshake: {
       moduleSideEffects: false
     }
@@ -157,6 +176,12 @@ module.exports = [
       })
     ],
     external: [],
+    onwarn(warning, warn) {
+      if (warning.code === 'CIRCULAR_DEPENDENCY' && warning.ids && warning.ids.some(id => id.includes('msgpack-lite'))) {
+        return;
+      }
+      warn(warning);
+    },
     treeshake: {
       moduleSideEffects: false
     }

packages/core/src/Core.ts

@@ -1,149 +1,152 @@
-import { GlobalManager } from './Utils/GlobalManager';
 import { TimerManager } from './Utils/Timers/TimerManager';
 import { ITimer } from './Utils/Timers/ITimer';
 import { Timer } from './Utils/Timers/Timer';
 import { Time } from './Utils/Time';
 import { PerformanceMonitor } from './Utils/PerformanceMonitor';
 import { PoolManager } from './Utils/Pool/PoolManager';
-import { ECSFluentAPI, createECSAPI } from './ECS/Core/FluentAPI';
-import { IScene } from './ECS/IScene';
-import { WorldManager, IWorldManagerConfig } from './ECS/WorldManager';
 import { DebugManager } from './Utils/Debug';
-import { ICoreConfig, IECSDebugConfig } from './Types';
+import { ICoreConfig, IECSDebugConfig, IUpdatable, isUpdatable } from './Types';
 import { createLogger } from './Utils/Logger';
+import { SceneManager } from './ECS/SceneManager';
+import { IScene } from './ECS/IScene';
+import { ServiceContainer } from './Core/ServiceContainer';
+import { PluginManager } from './Core/PluginManager';
+import { IPlugin } from './Core/Plugin';
+import { WorldManager } from './ECS/WorldManager';
+import { DebugConfigService } from './Utils/Debug/DebugConfigService';
+import { createInstance } from './Core/DI/Decorators';
 
 /**
  * 游戏引擎核心类
- * 
- * 负责管理游戏的生命周期、场景切换、全局管理器和定时器系统。
- * 提供统一的游戏循环管理。
- * 
+ *
+ * 职责：
+ * - 提供全局服务（Timer、Performance、Pool等）
+ * - 管理场景生命周期（内置SceneManager）
+ * - 管理全局管理器的生命周期
+ * - 提供统一的游戏循环更新入口
+ *
  * @example
  * ```typescript
- * // 创建核心实例
- * const core = Core.create(true);
- * 
- * // 设置场景
- * Core.scene = new MyScene();
- * 
- * // 在游戏循环中更新（Laya引擎示例）
- * Laya.timer.frameLoop(1, this, () => {
- *     const deltaTime = Laya.timer.delta / 1000;
+ * // 初始化并设置场景
+ * Core.create({ debug: true });
+ * Core.setScene(new GameScene());
+ *
+ * // 游戏循环（自动更新全局服务和场景）
+ * function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
  *     Core.update(deltaTime);
- * });
- * 
- * // 调度定时器
+ * }
+ *
+ * // 使用定时器
  * Core.schedule(1.0, false, null, (timer) => {
- *     Core._logger.info("1秒后执行");
+ *     console.log("1秒后执行");
  * });
+ *
+ * // 切换场景
+ * Core.loadScene(new MenuScene());  // 延迟切换
+ * Core.setScene(new GameScene());   // 立即切换
+ *
+ * // 获取当前场景
+ * const currentScene = Core.scene;
  * ```
  */
 export class Core {
     /**
      * 游戏暂停状态
-     * 
+     *
      * 当设置为true时，游戏循环将暂停执行。
      */
     public static paused = false;
 
-    /**
-     * 默认World ID
-     * 
-     * 用于单Scene模式的默认World标识
-     */
-    private static readonly DEFAULT_WORLD_ID = '__default__';
-
-    /**
-     * 默认Scene ID
-     * 
-     * 用于单Scene模式的默认Scene标识
-     */
-    private static readonly DEFAULT_SCENE_ID = '__main__';
-    
     /**
      * 全局核心实例
+     *
+     * 可能为null表示Core尚未初始化或已被销毁
      */
-    private static _instance: Core;
+    private static _instance: Core | null = null;
 
     /**
      * Core专用日志器
      */
     private static _logger = createLogger('Core');
-    
+
     /**
      * 实体系统启用状态
-     * 
+     *
      * 控制是否启用ECS实体系统功能。
      */
     public static entitySystemsEnabled: boolean;
-    
+
     /**
      * 调试模式标志
-     * 
+     *
      * 在调试模式下会启用额外的性能监控和错误检查。
      */
     public readonly debug: boolean;
-    
-    
+
     /**
-     * 全局管理器集合
-     * 
-     * 存储所有注册的全局管理器实例。
+     * 服务容器
+     *
+     * 管理所有服务的注册、解析和生命周期。
      */
-    public _globalManagers: GlobalManager[] = [];
-    
+    private _serviceContainer: ServiceContainer;
+
     /**
      * 定时器管理器
-     * 
+     *
      * 负责管理所有的游戏定时器。
      */
     public _timerManager: TimerManager;
 
     /**
      * 性能监控器
-     * 
+     *
      * 监控游戏性能并提供优化建议。
      */
     public _performanceMonitor: PerformanceMonitor;
 
     /**
      * 对象池管理器
-     * 
+     *
      * 管理所有对象池的生命周期。
      */
     public _poolManager: PoolManager;
 
-    /**
-     * ECS流式API
-     * 
-     * 提供便捷的ECS操作接口。
-     */
-    public _ecsAPI?: ECSFluentAPI;
-    
-
     /**
      * 调试管理器
-     * 
+     *
      * 负责收集和发送调试数据。
      */
     public _debugManager?: DebugManager;
 
     /**
-     * World管理器
-     * 
-     * 管理多个World实例，支持多房间/多世界架构。
+     * 场景管理器
+     *
+     * 管理当前场景的生命周期。
      */
-    public _worldManager?: WorldManager;
+    private _sceneManager: SceneManager;
+
+    /**
+     * World管理器
+     *
+     * 管理多个独立的World实例（可选）。
+     */
+    private _worldManager: WorldManager;
+
+    /**
+     * 插件管理器
+     *
+     * 管理所有插件的生命周期。
+     */
+    private _pluginManager: PluginManager;
 
     /**
      * Core配置
      */
     private _config: ICoreConfig;
 
-
     /**
      * 创建核心实例
-     * 
+     *
      * @param config - Core配置对象
      */
     private constructor(config: ICoreConfig = {}) {
@@ -156,37 +159,68 @@ export class Core {
             ...config
         };
 
+        // 初始化服务容器
+        this._serviceContainer = new ServiceContainer();
 
-        // 初始化管理器
+        // 初始化定时器管理器
         this._timerManager = new TimerManager();
-        Core.registerGlobalManager(this._timerManager);
+        this._serviceContainer.registerInstance(TimerManager, this._timerManager);
 
         // 初始化性能监控器
-        this._performanceMonitor = PerformanceMonitor.instance;
-        
+        this._performanceMonitor = new PerformanceMonitor();
+        this._serviceContainer.registerInstance(PerformanceMonitor, this._performanceMonitor);
+
         // 在调试模式下启用性能监控
         if (this._config.debug) {
             this._performanceMonitor.enable();
         }
 
         // 初始化对象池管理器
-        this._poolManager = PoolManager.getInstance();
-        
+        this._poolManager = new PoolManager();
+        this._serviceContainer.registerInstance(PoolManager, this._poolManager);
+
+        // 初始化场景管理器
+        this._sceneManager = new SceneManager(this._performanceMonitor);
+        this._serviceContainer.registerInstance(SceneManager, this._sceneManager);
+
+        // 设置场景切换回调，通知调试管理器
+        this._sceneManager.setSceneChangedCallback(() => {
+            if (this._debugManager) {
+                this._debugManager.onSceneChanged();
+            }
+        });
+
+        // 初始化World管理器
+        this._worldManager = new WorldManager();
+        this._serviceContainer.registerInstance(WorldManager, this._worldManager);
+
+        // 初始化插件管理器
+        this._pluginManager = new PluginManager();
+        this._pluginManager.initialize(this, this._serviceContainer);
+        this._serviceContainer.registerInstance(PluginManager, this._pluginManager);
+
         Core.entitySystemsEnabled = this._config.enableEntitySystems ?? true;
         this.debug = this._config.debug ?? true;
 
         // 初始化调试管理器
         if (this._config.debugConfig?.enabled) {
-            this._debugManager = new DebugManager(this, this._config.debugConfig);
-        }
+            const configService = new DebugConfigService();
+            configService.setConfig(this._config.debugConfig);
+            this._serviceContainer.registerInstance(DebugConfigService, configService);
 
+            this._serviceContainer.registerSingleton(DebugManager, (c) =>
+                createInstance(DebugManager, c)
+            );
+
+            this._debugManager = this._serviceContainer.resolve(DebugManager);
+        }
 
         this.initialize();
     }
 
     /**
      * 获取核心实例
-     * 
+     *
      * @returns 全局核心实例
      */
     public static get Instance() {
@@ -194,104 +228,196 @@ export class Core {
     }
 
     /**
-     * 获取当前活动的场景（属性访问器）
-     * 
-     * @returns 当前场景实例，如果没有则返回null
+     * 获取服务容器
+     *
+     * 用于注册和解析自定义服务。
+     *
+     * @returns 服务容器实例
+     * @throws 如果Core实例未创建
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 注册自定义服务
+     * Core.services.registerSingleton(MyService);
+     *
+     * // 解析服务
+     * const myService = Core.services.resolve(MyService);
+     * ```
      */
-    public static get scene(): IScene | null {
-        return this.getScene();
+    public static get services(): ServiceContainer {
+        if (!this._instance) {
+            throw new Error('Core实例未创建，请先调用Core.create()');
+        }
+        return this._instance._serviceContainer;
     }
 
     /**
-     * 获取当前活动的场景（方法调用）
-     * 
-     * @returns 当前场景实例，如果没有则返回null
+     * 获取World管理器
+     *
+     * 用于管理多个独立的World实例（高级用户）。
+     *
+     * @returns WorldManager实例
+     * @throws 如果Core实例未创建
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 创建多个游戏房间
+     * const wm = Core.worldManager;
+     * const room1 = wm.createWorld('room_001');
+     * room1.createScene('game', new GameScene());
+     * room1.start();
+     * ```
      */
-    public static getScene<T extends IScene>(): T | null {
+    public static get worldManager(): WorldManager {
         if (!this._instance) {
-            return null;
+            throw new Error('Core实例未创建，请先调用Core.create()');
         }
-
-        // 确保默认World存在
-        this._instance.ensureDefaultWorld();
-        
-        const defaultWorld = this._instance._worldManager!.getWorld(this.DEFAULT_WORLD_ID);
-        return defaultWorld?.getScene(this.DEFAULT_SCENE_ID) as T || null;
+        return this._instance._worldManager;
     }
 
-
-    /**
-     * 设置当前场景
-     * 
-     * @param scene - 要设置的场景实例
-     * @returns 设置的场景实例，便于链式调用
-     */
-    public static setScene<T extends IScene>(scene: T): T {
-        if (!this._instance) {
-            throw new Error("Core实例未创建，请先调用Core.create()");
-        }
-
-        // 确保默认World存在
-        this._instance.ensureDefaultWorld();
-        
-        const defaultWorld = this._instance._worldManager!.getWorld(this.DEFAULT_WORLD_ID)!;
-        
-        // 移除旧的主Scene（如果存在）
-        if (defaultWorld.getScene(this.DEFAULT_SCENE_ID)) {
-            defaultWorld.removeScene(this.DEFAULT_SCENE_ID);
-        }
-
-        // 添加新Scene到默认World
-        defaultWorld.createScene(this.DEFAULT_SCENE_ID, scene);
-        defaultWorld.setSceneActive(this.DEFAULT_SCENE_ID, true);
-
-        // 触发场景切换回调
-        this._instance.onSceneChanged();
-        
-        return scene;
-    }
-
-
     /**
      * 创建Core实例
-     * 
+     *
      * 如果实例已存在，则返回现有实例。
-     * 
+     *
      * @param config - Core配置，也可以直接传入boolean表示debug模式（向后兼容）
      * @returns Core实例
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 方式1：使用配置对象
+     * Core.create({
+     *     debug: true,
+     *     enableEntitySystems: true,
+     *     debugConfig: {
+     *         enabled: true,
+     *         websocketUrl: 'ws://localhost:9229'
+     *     }
+     * });
+     *
+     * // 方式2：简单模式（向后兼容）
+     * Core.create(true);  // debug = true
+     * ```
      */
     public static create(config: ICoreConfig | boolean = true): Core {
         if (this._instance == null) {
             // 向后兼容：如果传入boolean，转换为配置对象
-            const coreConfig: ICoreConfig = typeof config === 'boolean' 
+            const coreConfig: ICoreConfig = typeof config === 'boolean'
                 ? { debug: config, enableEntitySystems: true }
                 : config;
             this._instance = new Core(coreConfig);
+        } else {
+            this._logger.warn('Core实例已创建，返回现有实例');
         }
         return this._instance;
     }
 
     /**
-     * 更新游戏逻辑
-     * 
-     * 此方法应该在游戏引擎的更新循环中调用。
-     * 
-     * @param deltaTime - 外部引擎提供的帧时间间隔（秒）
-     * 
+     * 设置当前场景
+     *
+     * @param scene - 要设置的场景
+     * @returns 设置的场景实例
+     *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * // Laya引擎
+     * Core.create({ debug: true });
+     *
+     * // 创建并设置场景
+     * const gameScene = new GameScene();
+     * Core.setScene(gameScene);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public static setScene<T extends IScene>(scene: T): T {
+        if (!this._instance) {
+            Core._logger.warn("Core实例未创建，请先调用Core.create()");
+            throw new Error("Core实例未创建");
+        }
+
+        return this._instance._sceneManager.setScene(scene);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取当前场景
+     *
+     * @returns 当前场景，如果没有场景则返回null
+     */
+    public static get scene(): IScene | null {
+        if (!this._instance) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return this._instance._sceneManager.currentScene;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取ECS流式API
+     *
+     * @returns ECS API实例，如果当前没有场景则返回null
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 使用流式API创建实体
+     * const player = Core.ecsAPI?.createEntity('Player')
+     *     .addComponent(Position, 100, 100)
+     *     .addComponent(Velocity, 50, 0);
+     *
+     * // 查询实体
+     * const enemies = Core.ecsAPI?.query(Enemy, Transform);
+     *
+     * // 发射事件
+     * Core.ecsAPI?.emit('game:start', { level: 1 });
+     * ```
+     */
+    public static get ecsAPI() {
+        if (!this._instance) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return this._instance._sceneManager.api;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 延迟加载场景（下一帧切换）
+     *
+     * @param scene - 要加载的场景
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 延迟切换场景（在下一帧生效）
+     * Core.loadScene(new MenuScene());
+     * ```
+     */
+    public static loadScene<T extends IScene>(scene: T): void {
+        if (!this._instance) {
+            Core._logger.warn("Core实例未创建，请先调用Core.create()");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        this._instance._sceneManager.loadScene(scene);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 更新游戏逻辑
+     *
+     * 此方法应该在游戏引擎的更新循环中调用。
+     * 会自动更新全局服务和当前场景。
+     *
+     * @param deltaTime - 外部引擎提供的帧时间间隔（秒）
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 初始化
+     * Core.create({ debug: true });
+     * Core.setScene(new GameScene());
+     *
+     * // Laya引擎集成
      * Laya.timer.frameLoop(1, this, () => {
      *     const deltaTime = Laya.timer.delta / 1000;
-     *     Core.update(deltaTime);
+     *     Core.update(deltaTime);  // 自动更新全局服务和场景
      * });
-     * 
-     * // Cocos Creator
+     *
+     * // Cocos Creator集成
      * update(deltaTime: number) {
-     *     Core.update(deltaTime);
+     *     Core.update(deltaTime);  // 自动更新全局服务和场景
      * }
-     * 
-
      * ```
      */
     public static update(deltaTime: number): void {
@@ -299,78 +425,49 @@ export class Core {
             Core._logger.warn("Core实例未创建，请先调用Core.create()");
             return;
         }
-        
+
         this._instance.updateInternal(deltaTime);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * 注册全局管理器
-     * 
-     * 将管理器添加到全局管理器列表中，并启用它。
-     * 
-     * @param manager - 要注册的全局管理器
-     */
-    public static registerGlobalManager(manager: GlobalManager) {
-        this._instance._globalManagers.push(manager);
-        manager.enabled = true;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 注销全局管理器
-     * 
-     * 从全局管理器列表中移除管理器，并禁用它。
-     * 
-     * @param manager - 要注销的全局管理器
-     */
-    public static unregisterGlobalManager(manager: GlobalManager) {
-        this._instance._globalManagers.splice(this._instance._globalManagers.indexOf(manager), 1);
-        manager.enabled = false;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 获取指定类型的全局管理器
-     * 
-     * @param type - 管理器类型构造函数
-     * @returns 管理器实例，如果未找到则返回null
-     */
-    public static getGlobalManager<T extends GlobalManager>(type: new (...args: unknown[]) => T): T | null {
-        for (const manager of this._instance._globalManagers) {
-            if (manager instanceof type)
-                return manager as T;
-        }
-        return null;
-    }
 
     /**
      * 调度定时器
-     * 
+     *
      * 创建一个定时器，在指定时间后执行回调函数。
-     * 
+     *
      * @param timeInSeconds - 延迟时间（秒）
      * @param repeats - 是否重复执行，默认为false
      * @param context - 回调函数的上下文，默认为null
      * @param onTime - 定时器触发时的回调函数
      * @returns 创建的定时器实例
+     * @throws 如果Core实例未创建或onTime回调未提供
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 一次性定时器
+     * Core.schedule(1.0, false, null, (timer) => {
+     *     console.log("1秒后执行一次");
+     * });
+     *
+     * // 重复定时器
+     * Core.schedule(0.5, true, null, (timer) => {
+     *     console.log("每0.5秒执行一次");
+     * });
+     * ```
      */
     public static schedule<TContext = unknown>(timeInSeconds: number, repeats: boolean = false, context?: TContext, onTime?: (timer: ITimer<TContext>) => void): Timer<TContext> {
+        if (!this._instance) {
+            throw new Error('Core实例未创建，请先调用Core.create()');
+        }
         if (!onTime) {
             throw new Error('onTime callback is required');
         }
         return this._instance._timerManager.schedule(timeInSeconds, repeats, context as TContext, onTime);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * 获取ECS流式API
-     * 
-     * @returns ECS API实例，如果未初始化则返回null
-     */
-    public static get ecsAPI(): ECSFluentAPI | null {
-        return this._instance?._ecsAPI || null;
-    }
-
     /**
      * 启用调试功能
-     * 
+     *
      * @param config 调试配置
      */
     public static enableDebug(config: IECSDebugConfig): void {
@@ -382,7 +479,15 @@ export class Core {
         if (this._instance._debugManager) {
             this._instance._debugManager.updateConfig(config);
         } else {
-            this._instance._debugManager = new DebugManager(this._instance, config);
+            const configService = new DebugConfigService();
+            configService.setConfig(config);
+            this._instance._serviceContainer.registerInstance(DebugConfigService, configService);
+
+            this._instance._serviceContainer.registerSingleton(DebugManager, (c) =>
+                createInstance(DebugManager, c)
+            );
+
+            this._instance._debugManager = this._instance._serviceContainer.resolve(DebugManager);
         }
 
         // 更新Core配置
@@ -408,7 +513,7 @@ export class Core {
 
     /**
      * 获取调试数据
-     * 
+     *
      * @returns 当前调试数据，如果调试未启用则返回null
      */
     public static getDebugData(): unknown {
@@ -421,118 +526,114 @@ export class Core {
 
     /**
      * 检查调试是否启用
-     * 
+     *
      * @returns 调试状态
      */
     public static get isDebugEnabled(): boolean {
         return this._instance?._config.debugConfig?.enabled || false;
     }
 
-
-
     /**
-     * 获取WorldManager实例
+     * 安装插件
      *
-     * @param config 可选的WorldManager配置，用于覆盖默认配置
-     * @returns WorldManager实例，如果未初始化则自动创建
+     * @param plugin - 插件实例
+     * @throws 如果Core实例未创建或插件安装失败
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * Core.create({ debug: true });
+     *
+     * // 安装插件
+     * await Core.installPlugin(new MyPlugin());
+     * ```
      */
-    public static getWorldManager(config?: Partial<IWorldManagerConfig>): WorldManager {
+    public static async installPlugin(plugin: IPlugin): Promise<void> {
         if (!this._instance) {
-            throw new Error("Core实例未创建，请先调用Core.create()");
+            throw new Error('Core实例未创建，请先调用Core.create()');
         }
 
-        if (!this._instance._worldManager) {
-            // 多World模式的配置（用户主动获取WorldManager）
-            const defaultConfig = {
-                maxWorlds: 50,
-                autoCleanup: true,
-                cleanupInterval: 60000,
-                debug: this._instance._config.debug
-            };
-
-            this._instance._worldManager = WorldManager.getInstance({
-                ...defaultConfig,
-                ...config // 用户传入的配置会覆盖默认配置
-            });
-        }
-
-        return this._instance._worldManager;
+        await this._instance._pluginManager.install(plugin);
     }
 
     /**
-     * 启用World管理
+     * 卸载插件
      *
-     * 显式启用World功能，用于多房间/多世界架构
+     * @param name - 插件名称
+     * @throws 如果Core实例未创建或插件卸载失败
      *
-     * @param config 可选的WorldManager配置，用于覆盖默认配置
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * await Core.uninstallPlugin('my-plugin');
+     * ```
      */
-    public static enableWorldManager(config?: Partial<IWorldManagerConfig>): WorldManager {
-        return this.getWorldManager(config);
+    public static async uninstallPlugin(name: string): Promise<void> {
+        if (!this._instance) {
+            throw new Error('Core实例未创建，请先调用Core.create()');
+        }
+
+        await this._instance._pluginManager.uninstall(name);
     }
 
     /**
-     * 确保默认World存在
-     * 
-     * 内部方法，用于懒初始化默认World
+     * 获取插件实例
+     *
+     * @param name - 插件名称
+     * @returns 插件实例，如果未安装则返回undefined
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const myPlugin = Core.getPlugin('my-plugin');
+     * if (myPlugin) {
+     *     console.log(myPlugin.version);
+     * }
+     * ```
      */
-    private ensureDefaultWorld(): void {
-        if (!this._worldManager) {
-            this._worldManager = WorldManager.getInstance({
-                maxWorlds: 1,        // 单场景用户只需要1个World
-                autoCleanup: false,   // 单场景不需要自动清理
-                cleanupInterval: 0,   // 禁用清理定时器
-                debug: this._config.debug
-            });
+    public static getPlugin(name: string): IPlugin | undefined {
+        if (!this._instance) {
+            return undefined;
         }
 
-        // 检查默认World是否存在
-        if (!this._worldManager.getWorld(Core.DEFAULT_WORLD_ID)) {
-            this._worldManager.createWorld(Core.DEFAULT_WORLD_ID, {
-                name: 'DefaultWorld',
-                maxScenes: 1,
-                autoCleanup: false
-            });
-            this._worldManager.setWorldActive(Core.DEFAULT_WORLD_ID, true);
-        }
+        return this._instance._pluginManager.getPlugin(name);
     }
 
     /**
-     * 场景切换回调
-     * 
-     * 在场景切换时调用，用于重置时间系统等。
+     * 检查插件是否已安装
+     *
+     * @param name - 插件名称
+     * @returns 是否已安装
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * if (Core.isPluginInstalled('my-plugin')) {
+     *     console.log('Plugin is installed');
+     * }
+     * ```
      */
-    public onSceneChanged() {
-        Time.sceneChanged();
-        
-        // 获取当前Scene（从默认World）
-        const currentScene = Core.getScene();
-        
-        // 初始化ECS API（如果场景支持）
-        if (currentScene && currentScene.querySystem && currentScene.eventSystem) {
-            this._ecsAPI = createECSAPI(currentScene, currentScene.querySystem, currentScene.eventSystem);
+    public static isPluginInstalled(name: string): boolean {
+        if (!this._instance) {
+            return false;
         }
 
-        // 延迟调试管理器通知，避免在场景初始化过程中干扰属性
-        if (this._debugManager) {
-            queueMicrotask(() => {
-                this._debugManager?.onSceneChanged();
-            });
-        }
+        return this._instance._pluginManager.isInstalled(name);
     }
 
     /**
      * 初始化核心系统
-     * 
+     *
      * 执行核心系统的初始化逻辑。
      */
     protected initialize() {
         // 核心系统初始化
+        Core._logger.info('Core initialized', {
+            debug: this.debug,
+            entitySystemsEnabled: Core.entitySystemsEnabled,
+            debugEnabled: this._config.debugConfig?.enabled || false
+        });
     }
 
-
     /**
      * 内部更新方法
-     * 
+     *
      * @param deltaTime - 帧时间间隔（秒）
      */
     private updateInternal(deltaTime: number): void {
@@ -549,44 +650,43 @@ export class Core {
             this._performanceMonitor.updateFPS(Time.deltaTime);
         }
 
-        // 更新全局管理器
-        const managersStartTime = this._performanceMonitor.startMonitoring('GlobalManagers.update');
-        for (const globalManager of this._globalManagers) {
-            if (globalManager.enabled)
-                globalManager.update();
-        }
-        this._performanceMonitor.endMonitoring('GlobalManagers.update', managersStartTime, this._globalManagers.length);
+        // 更新所有可更新的服务
+        const servicesStartTime = this._performanceMonitor.startMonitoring('Services.update');
+        this._serviceContainer.updateAll(deltaTime);
+        this._performanceMonitor.endMonitoring('Services.update', servicesStartTime, this._serviceContainer.getUpdatableCount());
 
         // 更新对象池管理器
         this._poolManager.update();
 
-        // 更新所有World
-        if (this._worldManager) {
-            const worldsStartTime = this._performanceMonitor.startMonitoring('Worlds.update');
-            const activeWorlds = this._worldManager.getActiveWorlds();
-            let totalWorldEntities = 0;
+        // 更新默认场景（通过 SceneManager）
+        this._sceneManager.update();
 
-            for (const world of activeWorlds) {
-                // 更新World的全局System
-                world.updateGlobalSystems();
-                
-                // 更新World中的所有Scene
-                world.updateScenes();
-
-                // 统计实体数量（用于性能监控）
-                const worldStats = world.getStats();
-                totalWorldEntities += worldStats.totalEntities;
-            }
-
-            this._performanceMonitor.endMonitoring('Worlds.update', worldsStartTime, totalWorldEntities);
-        }
-
-        // 更新调试管理器（基于FPS的数据发送）
-        if (this._debugManager) {
-            this._debugManager.onFrameUpdate(deltaTime);
-        }
+        // 更新额外的 WorldManager
+        this._worldManager.updateAll();
 
         // 结束性能监控
         this._performanceMonitor.endMonitoring('Core.update', frameStartTime);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 销毁Core实例
+     *
+     * 清理所有资源，通常在应用程序关闭时调用。
+     */
+    public static destroy(): void {
+        if (!this._instance) return;
+
+        // 停止调试管理器
+        if (this._instance._debugManager) {
+            this._instance._debugManager.stop();
+        }
+
+        // 清理所有服务
+        this._instance._serviceContainer.clear();
+
+        Core._logger.info('Core destroyed');
+
+        // 清空实例引用，允许重新创建Core实例
+        this._instance = null;
+    }
 }

packages/core/src/Core/DI/Decorators.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+/**
+ * 依赖注入装饰器
+ *
+ * 提供 @Injectable、@Inject 和 @Updatable 装饰器，用于标记可注入的类和依赖注入点
+ */
+
+import type { ServiceContainer } from '../ServiceContainer';
+import type { IService, ServiceType } from '../ServiceContainer';
+
+/**
+ * 依赖注入元数据键
+ */
+const INJECTABLE_METADATA_KEY = Symbol('injectable');
+const INJECT_METADATA_KEY = Symbol('inject');
+const INJECT_PARAMS_METADATA_KEY = Symbol('inject:params');
+const UPDATABLE_METADATA_KEY = Symbol('updatable');
+
+/**
+ * 依赖注入元数据存储
+ */
+const injectableMetadata = new WeakMap<any, InjectableMetadata>();
+const injectMetadata = new WeakMap<any, Map<number, ServiceType<any> | string | symbol>>();
+const updatableMetadata = new WeakMap<any, UpdatableMetadata>();
+
+/**
+ * 可注入元数据接口
+ */
+export interface InjectableMetadata {
+    /**
+     * 是否可注入
+     */
+    injectable: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 依赖列表
+     */
+    dependencies: Array<ServiceType<any> | string | symbol>;
+
+    /**
+     * 属性注入映射
+     * key: 属性名, value: 服务类型
+     */
+    properties?: Map<string | symbol, ServiceType<any>>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 可更新元数据接口
+ */
+export interface UpdatableMetadata {
+    /**
+     * 是否可更新
+     */
+    updatable: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 更新优先级（数值越小越先执行，默认0）
+     */
+    priority: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @Injectable() 装饰器
+ *
+ * 标记类为可注入的服务，使其可以通过ServiceContainer进行依赖注入
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * @Injectable()
+ * class TimeService implements IService {
+ *     constructor() {}
+ *     dispose() {}
+ * }
+ *
+ * @Injectable()
+ * class PhysicsSystem extends EntitySystem {
+ *     constructor(
+ *         @Inject(TimeService) private timeService: TimeService
+ *     ) {
+ *         super();
+ *     }
+ * }
+ * ```
+ */
+export function Injectable(): ClassDecorator {
+    return function <T extends Function>(target: T): T {
+        const existing = injectableMetadata.get(target);
+
+        injectableMetadata.set(target, {
+            injectable: true,
+            dependencies: [],
+            properties: existing?.properties
+        });
+
+        return target;
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * @Updatable() 装饰器
+ *
+ * 标记服务类为可更新的，使其在每帧自动被ServiceContainer调用update方法。
+ * 使用此装饰器的类必须实现IUpdatable接口（包含update方法）。
+ *
+ * @param priority - 更新优先级（数值越小越先执行，默认0）
+ * @throws 如果类没有实现update方法，将在运行时抛出错误
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * @Injectable()
+ * @Updatable()
+ * class TimerManager implements IService, IUpdatable {
+ *     update(deltaTime?: number) {
+ *         // 每帧更新逻辑
+ *     }
+ *     dispose() {}
+ * }
+ *
+ * // 指定优先级
+ * @Injectable()
+ * @Updatable(10)
+ * class PhysicsManager implements IService, IUpdatable {
+ *     update() { }
+ *     dispose() {}
+ * }
+ * ```
+ */
+export function Updatable(priority: number = 0): ClassDecorator {
+    return function <T extends Function>(target: T): T {
+        // 验证类原型上是否有update方法
+        const prototype = (target as any).prototype;
+        if (!prototype || typeof prototype.update !== 'function') {
+            throw new Error(
+                `@Updatable() decorator requires class ${target.name} to implement IUpdatable interface with update() method. ` +
+                `Please add 'implements IUpdatable' and define update(deltaTime?: number): void method.`
+            );
+        }
+
+        // 标记为可更新
+        updatableMetadata.set(target, {
+            updatable: true,
+            priority
+        });
+
+        return target;
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * @Inject() 装饰器
+ *
+ * 标记构造函数参数需要注入的服务类型
+ *
+ * @param serviceType 服务类型标识符
+ */
+export function Inject(serviceType: ServiceType<any> | string | symbol): ParameterDecorator {
+    return function (target: Object, propertyKey: string | symbol | undefined, parameterIndex: number) {
+        // 获取或创建注入元数据
+        let params = injectMetadata.get(target);
+        if (!params) {
+            params = new Map();
+            injectMetadata.set(target, params);
+        }
+
+        // 记录参数索引和服务类型的映射
+        params.set(parameterIndex, serviceType);
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * @InjectProperty() 装饰器
+ *
+ * 通过属性装饰器注入依赖
+ *
+ * 注入时机：在构造函数执行后、onInitialize() 调用前完成
+ *
+ * @param serviceType 服务类型
+ */
+export function InjectProperty(serviceType: ServiceType<any>): PropertyDecorator {
+    return function (target: any, propertyKey: string | symbol) {
+        let metadata = injectableMetadata.get(target.constructor);
+
+        if (!metadata) {
+            metadata = {
+                injectable: true,
+                dependencies: []
+            };
+            injectableMetadata.set(target.constructor, metadata);
+        }
+
+        if (!metadata.properties) {
+            metadata.properties = new Map();
+        }
+
+        metadata.properties.set(propertyKey, serviceType);
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * 检查类是否标记为可注入
+ *
+ * @param target 目标类
+ * @returns 是否可注入
+ */
+export function isInjectable(target: any): boolean {
+    const metadata = injectableMetadata.get(target);
+    return metadata?.injectable ?? false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取类的依赖注入元数据
+ *
+ * @param target 目标类
+ * @returns 依赖注入元数据
+ */
+export function getInjectableMetadata(target: any): InjectableMetadata | undefined {
+    return injectableMetadata.get(target);
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取构造函数参数的注入元数据
+ *
+ * @param target 目标类
+ * @returns 参数索引到服务类型的映射
+ */
+export function getInjectMetadata(target: any): Map<number, ServiceType<any> | string | symbol> {
+    return injectMetadata.get(target) || new Map();
+}
+
+/**
+ * 创建实例并自动注入依赖
+ *
+ * @param constructor 构造函数
+ * @param container 服务容器
+ * @returns 创建的实例
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const instance = createInstance(MySystem, container);
+ * ```
+ */
+export function createInstance<T>(
+    constructor: new (...args: any[]) => T,
+    container: ServiceContainer
+): T {
+    // 获取参数注入元数据
+    const injectParams = getInjectMetadata(constructor);
+
+    // 解析依赖
+    const dependencies: any[] = [];
+
+    // 获取构造函数参数数量
+    const paramCount = constructor.length;
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < paramCount; i++) {
+        const serviceType = injectParams.get(i);
+
+        if (serviceType) {
+            // 如果有显式的@Inject标记，使用标记的类型
+            if (typeof serviceType === 'string' || typeof serviceType === 'symbol') {
+                // 字符串或Symbol类型的服务标识
+                throw new Error(
+                    `String and Symbol service identifiers are not yet supported in constructor injection. ` +
+                    `Please use class types for ${constructor.name} parameter ${i}`
+                );
+            } else {
+                // 类类型
+                dependencies.push(container.resolve(serviceType as ServiceType<any>));
+            }
+        } else {
+            // 没有@Inject标记，传入undefined
+            dependencies.push(undefined);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // 创建实例
+    return new constructor(...dependencies);
+}
+
+/**
+ * 为实例注入属性依赖
+ *
+ * @param instance 目标实例
+ * @param container 服务容器
+ */
+export function injectProperties<T>(instance: T, container: ServiceContainer): void {
+    const constructor = (instance as any).constructor;
+    const metadata = getInjectableMetadata(constructor);
+
+    if (!metadata?.properties || metadata.properties.size === 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (const [propertyKey, serviceType] of metadata.properties) {
+        const service = container.resolve(serviceType);
+
+        if (service !== null) {
+            (instance as any)[propertyKey] = service;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 检查类是否标记为可更新
+ *
+ * @param target 目标类
+ * @returns 是否可更新
+ */
+export function isUpdatable(target: any): boolean {
+    const metadata = updatableMetadata.get(target);
+    return metadata?.updatable ?? false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取类的可更新元数据
+ *
+ * @param target 目标类
+ * @returns 可更新元数据
+ */
+export function getUpdatableMetadata(target: any): UpdatableMetadata | undefined {
+    return updatableMetadata.get(target);
+}
+
+/**
+ * 注册可注入的服务到容器
+ *
+ * 自动检测@Injectable装饰器并注册服务
+ *
+ * @param container 服务容器
+ * @param serviceType 服务类型
+ * @param singleton 是否注册为单例（默认true）
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * @Injectable()
+ * class MyService implements IService {
+ *     dispose() {}
+ * }
+ *
+ * // 自动注册
+ * registerInjectable(Core.services, MyService);
+ * ```
+ */
+export function registerInjectable<T extends IService>(
+    container: ServiceContainer,
+    serviceType: ServiceType<T>,
+    singleton: boolean = true
+): void {
+    if (!isInjectable(serviceType)) {
+        throw new Error(
+            `${serviceType.name} is not marked as @Injectable(). ` +
+            `Please add @Injectable() decorator to the class.`
+        );
+    }
+
+    // 创建工厂函数，使用createInstance自动解析依赖
+    const factory = (c: ServiceContainer) => createInstance(serviceType, c);
+
+    // 注册到容器
+    if (singleton) {
+        container.registerSingleton(serviceType, factory);
+    } else {
+        container.registerTransient(serviceType, factory);
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/Core/DI/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/**
+ * 依赖注入模块
+ *
+ * 提供装饰器和工具函数，用于实现依赖注入模式
+ */
+
+export {
+    Injectable,
+    Inject,
+    InjectProperty,
+    Updatable,
+    isInjectable,
+    getInjectableMetadata,
+    getInjectMetadata,
+    isUpdatable,
+    getUpdatableMetadata,
+    createInstance,
+    injectProperties,
+    registerInjectable
+} from './Decorators';
+
+export type { InjectableMetadata, UpdatableMetadata } from './Decorators';

packages/core/src/Core/Plugin.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+import type { Core } from '../Core';
+import type { ServiceContainer } from './ServiceContainer';
+
+/**
+ * 插件状态
+ */
+export enum PluginState {
+    /**
+     * 未安装
+     */
+    NotInstalled = 'not_installed',
+
+    /**
+     * 已安装
+     */
+    Installed = 'installed',
+
+    /**
+     * 安装失败
+     */
+    Failed = 'failed'
+}
+
+/**
+ * 插件接口
+ *
+ * 所有插件都必须实现此接口。
+ * 插件提供了一种扩展框架功能的标准方式。
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * class MyPlugin implements IPlugin {
+ *     readonly name = 'my-plugin';
+ *     readonly version = '1.0.0';
+ *     readonly dependencies = ['other-plugin'];
+ *
+ *     async install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer) {
+ *         // 注册服务
+ *         services.registerSingleton(MyService);
+ *
+ *         // 添加系统
+ *         const world = core.getWorld();
+ *         if (world) {
+ *             world.addSystem(new MySystem());
+ *         }
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     async uninstall() {
+ *         // 清理资源
+ *     }
+ * }
+ * ```
+ */
+export interface IPlugin {
+    /**
+     * 插件唯一名称
+     *
+     * 用于依赖解析和插件管理。
+     */
+    readonly name: string;
+
+    /**
+     * 插件版本
+     *
+     * 遵循语义化版本规范 (semver)。
+     */
+    readonly version: string;
+
+    /**
+     * 依赖的其他插件名称列表
+     *
+     * 这些插件必须在当前插件之前安装。
+     */
+    readonly dependencies?: readonly string[];
+
+    /**
+     * 安装插件
+     *
+     * 在此方法中初始化插件，注册服务、系统等。
+     * 可以是同步或异步的。
+     *
+     * @param core - Core实例，用于访问World等
+     * @param services - 服务容器，用于注册服务
+     */
+    install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void | Promise<void>;
+
+    /**
+     * 卸载插件
+     *
+     * 清理插件占用的资源。
+     * 可以是同步或异步的。
+     */
+    uninstall(): void | Promise<void>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 插件元数据
+ */
+export interface IPluginMetadata {
+    /**
+     * 插件名称
+     */
+    name: string;
+
+    /**
+     * 插件版本
+     */
+    version: string;
+
+    /**
+     * 插件状态
+     */
+    state: PluginState;
+
+    /**
+     * 安装时间戳
+     */
+    installedAt?: number;
+
+    /**
+     * 错误信息（如果安装失败）
+     */
+    error?: string;
+}

packages/core/src/Core/PluginManager.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+import { IPlugin, IPluginMetadata, PluginState } from './Plugin';
+import type { IService } from './ServiceContainer';
+import type { Core } from '../Core';
+import type { ServiceContainer } from './ServiceContainer';
+import { createLogger } from '../Utils/Logger';
+
+const logger = createLogger('PluginManager');
+
+/**
+ * 插件管理器
+ *
+ * 负责插件的注册、安装、卸载和生命周期管理。
+ * 支持依赖检查和异步加载。
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const core = Core.create();
+ * const pluginManager = core.getService(PluginManager);
+ *
+ * // 注册插件
+ * await pluginManager.install(new MyPlugin());
+ *
+ * // 查询插件
+ * const plugin = pluginManager.getPlugin('my-plugin');
+ *
+ * // 卸载插件
+ * await pluginManager.uninstall('my-plugin');
+ * ```
+ */
+export class PluginManager implements IService {
+    /**
+     * 已安装的插件
+     */
+    private _plugins: Map<string, IPlugin> = new Map();
+
+    /**
+     * 插件元数据
+     */
+    private _metadata: Map<string, IPluginMetadata> = new Map();
+
+    /**
+     * Core实例引用
+     */
+    private _core: Core | null = null;
+
+    /**
+     * 服务容器引用
+     */
+    private _services: ServiceContainer | null = null;
+
+    /**
+     * 初始化插件管理器
+     *
+     * @param core - Core实例
+     * @param services - 服务容器
+     */
+    public initialize(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): void {
+        this._core = core;
+        this._services = services;
+        logger.info('PluginManager initialized');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 安装插件
+     *
+     * 会自动检查依赖并按正确顺序安装。
+     *
+     * @param plugin - 插件实例
+     * @throws 如果依赖检查失败或安装失败
+     */
+    public async install(plugin: IPlugin): Promise<void> {
+        if (!this._core || !this._services) {
+            throw new Error('PluginManager not initialized. Call initialize() first.');
+        }
+
+        // 检查是否已安装
+        if (this._plugins.has(plugin.name)) {
+            logger.warn(`Plugin ${plugin.name} is already installed`);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // 检查依赖
+        if (plugin.dependencies && plugin.dependencies.length > 0) {
+            this._checkDependencies(plugin);
+        }
+
+        // 创建元数据
+        const metadata: IPluginMetadata = {
+            name: plugin.name,
+            version: plugin.version,
+            state: PluginState.NotInstalled,
+            installedAt: Date.now()
+        };
+
+        this._metadata.set(plugin.name, metadata);
+
+        try {
+            // 调用插件的安装方法
+            logger.info(`Installing plugin: ${plugin.name} v${plugin.version}`);
+            await plugin.install(this._core, this._services);
+
+            // 标记为已安装
+            this._plugins.set(plugin.name, plugin);
+            metadata.state = PluginState.Installed;
+
+            logger.info(`Plugin ${plugin.name} installed successfully`);
+        } catch (error) {
+            // 安装失败
+            metadata.state = PluginState.Failed;
+            metadata.error = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+
+            logger.error(`Failed to install plugin ${plugin.name}:`, error);
+            throw error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 卸载插件
+     *
+     * @param name - 插件名称
+     * @throws 如果插件未安装或卸载失败
+     */
+    public async uninstall(name: string): Promise<void> {
+        const plugin = this._plugins.get(name);
+        if (!plugin) {
+            throw new Error(`Plugin ${name} is not installed`);
+        }
+
+        // 检查是否有其他插件依赖此插件
+        this._checkDependents(name);
+
+        try {
+            logger.info(`Uninstalling plugin: ${name}`);
+            await plugin.uninstall();
+
+            // 从注册表中移除
+            this._plugins.delete(name);
+            this._metadata.delete(name);
+
+            logger.info(`Plugin ${name} uninstalled successfully`);
+        } catch (error) {
+            logger.error(`Failed to uninstall plugin ${name}:`, error);
+            throw error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取插件实例
+     *
+     * @param name - 插件名称
+     * @returns 插件实例，如果未安装则返回undefined
+     */
+    public getPlugin(name: string): IPlugin | undefined {
+        return this._plugins.get(name);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取插件元数据
+     *
+     * @param name - 插件名称
+     * @returns 插件元数据，如果未安装则返回undefined
+     */
+    public getMetadata(name: string): IPluginMetadata | undefined {
+        return this._metadata.get(name);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取所有已安装的插件
+     *
+     * @returns 插件列表
+     */
+    public getAllPlugins(): IPlugin[] {
+        return Array.from(this._plugins.values());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取所有插件元数据
+     *
+     * @returns 元数据列表
+     */
+    public getAllMetadata(): IPluginMetadata[] {
+        return Array.from(this._metadata.values());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查插件是否已安装
+     *
+     * @param name - 插件名称
+     * @returns 是否已安装
+     */
+    public isInstalled(name: string): boolean {
+        return this._plugins.has(name);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查插件依赖
+     *
+     * @param plugin - 插件实例
+     * @throws 如果依赖未满足
+     */
+    private _checkDependencies(plugin: IPlugin): void {
+        if (!plugin.dependencies) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const missingDeps: string[] = [];
+
+        for (const dep of plugin.dependencies) {
+            if (!this._plugins.has(dep)) {
+                missingDeps.push(dep);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (missingDeps.length > 0) {
+            throw new Error(
+                `Plugin ${plugin.name} has unmet dependencies: ${missingDeps.join(', ')}`
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否有其他插件依赖指定插件
+     *
+     * @param name - 插件名称
+     * @throws 如果有其他插件依赖此插件
+     */
+    private _checkDependents(name: string): void {
+        const dependents: string[] = [];
+
+        for (const plugin of this._plugins.values()) {
+            if (plugin.dependencies && plugin.dependencies.includes(name)) {
+                dependents.push(plugin.name);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (dependents.length > 0) {
+            throw new Error(
+                `Cannot uninstall plugin ${name}: it is required by ${dependents.join(', ')}`
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 释放资源
+     */
+    public dispose(): void {
+        // 卸载所有插件（逆序，先卸载依赖项）
+        const plugins = Array.from(this._plugins.values()).reverse();
+
+        for (const plugin of plugins) {
+            try {
+                logger.info(`Disposing plugin: ${plugin.name}`);
+                plugin.uninstall();
+            } catch (error) {
+                logger.error(`Error disposing plugin ${plugin.name}:`, error);
+            }
+        }
+
+        this._plugins.clear();
+        this._metadata.clear();
+        this._core = null;
+        this._services = null;
+
+        logger.info('PluginManager disposed');
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/Core/ServiceContainer.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,423 @@
+import { createLogger } from '../Utils/Logger';
+import { isUpdatable as checkUpdatable, getUpdatableMetadata } from './DI';
+
+const logger = createLogger('ServiceContainer');
+
+/**
+ * 服务基础接口
+ * 所有通过 ServiceContainer 管理的服务都应该实现此接口
+ */
+export interface IService {
+    /**
+     * 释放服务占用的资源
+     * 当服务被注销或容器被清空时调用
+     */
+    dispose(): void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 服务类型
+ *
+ * 支持任意构造函数签名，以便与依赖注入装饰器配合使用
+ */
+export type ServiceType<T extends IService> = new (...args: any[]) => T;
+
+/**
+ * 服务生命周期
+ */
+export enum ServiceLifetime {
+    /**
+     * 单例模式 - 整个应用生命周期内只有一个实例
+     */
+    Singleton = 'singleton',
+
+    /**
+     * 瞬时模式 - 每次请求都创建新实例
+     */
+    Transient = 'transient'
+}
+
+/**
+ * 服务注册信息
+ */
+interface ServiceRegistration<T extends IService> {
+    /**
+     * 服务类型
+     */
+    type: ServiceType<T>;
+
+    /**
+     * 服务实例（单例模式）
+     */
+    instance?: T;
+
+    /**
+     * 工厂函数
+     */
+    factory?: (container: ServiceContainer) => T;
+
+    /**
+     * 生命周期
+     */
+    lifetime: ServiceLifetime;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 服务容器
+ *
+ * 负责管理所有服务的注册、解析和生命周期。
+ * 支持依赖注入和服务定位模式。
+ *
+ * 特点：
+ * - 单例和瞬时两种生命周期
+ * - 支持工厂函数注册
+ * - 支持实例注册
+ * - 类型安全的服务解析
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const container = new ServiceContainer();
+ *
+ * // 注册单例服务
+ * container.registerSingleton(TimerManager);
+ *
+ * // 注册工厂函数
+ * container.registerSingleton(Logger, (c) => createLogger('App'));
+ *
+ * // 注册实例
+ * container.registerInstance(Config, new Config());
+ *
+ * // 解析服务
+ * const timer = container.resolve(TimerManager);
+ * ```
+ */
+export class ServiceContainer {
+    /**
+     * 服务注册表
+     */
+    private _services: Map<ServiceType<IService>, ServiceRegistration<IService>> = new Map();
+
+    /**
+     * 正在解析的服务栈（用于循环依赖检测）
+     */
+    private _resolving: Set<ServiceType<IService>> = new Set();
+
+    /**
+     * 可更新的服务列表
+     *
+     * 自动收集所有使用@Updatable装饰器标记的服务，供Core统一更新
+     * 按优先级排序（数值越小越先执行）
+     */
+    private _updatableServices: Array<{ instance: any; priority: number }> = [];
+
+    /**
+     * 注册单例服务
+     *
+     * @param type - 服务类型
+     * @param factory - 可选的工厂函数
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 直接注册类型
+     * container.registerSingleton(TimerManager);
+     *
+     * // 使用工厂函数
+     * container.registerSingleton(Logger, (c) => {
+     *     return createLogger('App');
+     * });
+     * ```
+     */
+    public registerSingleton<T extends IService>(
+        type: ServiceType<T>,
+        factory?: (container: ServiceContainer) => T
+    ): void {
+        if (this._services.has(type as ServiceType<IService>)) {
+            logger.warn(`Service ${type.name} is already registered`);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        this._services.set(type as ServiceType<IService>, {
+            type: type as ServiceType<IService>,
+            factory: factory as ((container: ServiceContainer) => IService) | undefined,
+            lifetime: ServiceLifetime.Singleton
+        });
+
+        logger.debug(`Registered singleton service: ${type.name}`);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 注册瞬时服务
+     *
+     * 每次解析都会创建新实例。
+     *
+     * @param type - 服务类型
+     * @param factory - 可选的工厂函数
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 每次解析都创建新实例
+     * container.registerTransient(Command);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public registerTransient<T extends IService>(
+        type: ServiceType<T>,
+        factory?: (container: ServiceContainer) => T
+    ): void {
+        if (this._services.has(type as ServiceType<IService>)) {
+            logger.warn(`Service ${type.name} is already registered`);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        this._services.set(type as ServiceType<IService>, {
+            type: type as ServiceType<IService>,
+            factory: factory as ((container: ServiceContainer) => IService) | undefined,
+            lifetime: ServiceLifetime.Transient
+        });
+
+        logger.debug(`Registered transient service: ${type.name}`);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 注册服务实例
+     *
+     * 直接注册已创建的实例，自动视为单例。
+     *
+     * @param type - 服务类型（构造函数，仅用作标识）
+     * @param instance - 服务实例
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const config = new Config();
+     * container.registerInstance(Config, config);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public registerInstance<T extends IService>(type: new (...args: any[]) => T, instance: T): void {
+        if (this._services.has(type as ServiceType<IService>)) {
+            logger.warn(`Service ${type.name} is already registered`);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        this._services.set(type as ServiceType<IService>, {
+            type: type as ServiceType<IService>,
+            instance: instance as IService,
+            lifetime: ServiceLifetime.Singleton
+        });
+
+        // 如果使用了@Updatable装饰器，添加到可更新列表
+        if (checkUpdatable(type)) {
+            const metadata = getUpdatableMetadata(type);
+            const priority = metadata?.priority ?? 0;
+            this._updatableServices.push({ instance, priority });
+
+            // 按优先级排序（数值越小越先执行）
+            this._updatableServices.sort((a, b) => a.priority - b.priority);
+
+            logger.debug(`Service ${type.name} is updatable (priority: ${priority}), added to update list`);
+        }
+
+        logger.debug(`Registered service instance: ${type.name}`);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 解析服务
+     *
+     * @param type - 服务类型
+     * @returns 服务实例
+     * @throws 如果服务未注册或存在循环依赖
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const timer = container.resolve(TimerManager);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public resolve<T extends IService>(type: ServiceType<T>): T {
+        const registration = this._services.get(type as ServiceType<IService>);
+
+        if (!registration) {
+            throw new Error(`Service ${type.name} is not registered`);
+        }
+
+        // 检测循环依赖
+        if (this._resolving.has(type as ServiceType<IService>)) {
+            const chain = Array.from(this._resolving).map(t => t.name).join(' -> ');
+            throw new Error(`Circular dependency detected: ${chain} -> ${type.name}`);
+        }
+
+        // 如果是单例且已经有实例，直接返回
+        if (registration.lifetime === ServiceLifetime.Singleton && registration.instance) {
+            return registration.instance as T;
+        }
+
+        // 添加到解析栈
+        this._resolving.add(type as ServiceType<IService>);
+
+        try {
+            // 创建实例
+            let instance: IService;
+
+            if (registration.factory) {
+                // 使用工厂函数
+                instance = registration.factory(this);
+            } else {
+                // 直接构造
+                instance = new (registration.type)();
+            }
+
+            // 如果是单例，缓存实例
+            if (registration.lifetime === ServiceLifetime.Singleton) {
+                registration.instance = instance;
+
+                // 如果使用了@Updatable装饰器，添加到可更新列表
+                if (checkUpdatable(registration.type)) {
+                    const metadata = getUpdatableMetadata(registration.type);
+                    const priority = metadata?.priority ?? 0;
+                    this._updatableServices.push({ instance, priority });
+
+                    // 按优先级排序（数值越小越先执行）
+                    this._updatableServices.sort((a, b) => a.priority - b.priority);
+
+                    logger.debug(`Service ${type.name} is updatable (priority: ${priority}), added to update list`);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return instance as T;
+        } finally {
+            // 从解析栈移除
+            this._resolving.delete(type as ServiceType<IService>);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 尝试解析服务
+     *
+     * 如果服务未注册，返回null而不是抛出异常。
+     *
+     * @param type - 服务类型
+     * @returns 服务实例或null
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const timer = container.tryResolve(TimerManager);
+     * if (timer) {
+     *     timer.schedule(...);
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    public tryResolve<T extends IService>(type: ServiceType<T>): T | null {
+        try {
+            return this.resolve(type);
+        } catch {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查服务是否已注册
+     *
+     * @param type - 服务类型
+     * @returns 是否已注册
+     */
+    public isRegistered<T extends IService>(type: ServiceType<T>): boolean {
+        return this._services.has(type as ServiceType<IService>);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 注销服务
+     *
+     * @param type - 服务类型
+     * @returns 是否成功注销
+     */
+    public unregister<T extends IService>(type: ServiceType<T>): boolean {
+        const registration = this._services.get(type as ServiceType<IService>);
+        if (!registration) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // 如果有单例实例，调用 dispose
+        if (registration.instance) {
+            // 从可更新列表中移除
+            const index = this._updatableServices.findIndex(item => item.instance === registration.instance);
+            if (index !== -1) {
+                this._updatableServices.splice(index, 1);
+            }
+
+            registration.instance.dispose();
+        }
+
+        this._services.delete(type as ServiceType<IService>);
+        logger.debug(`Unregistered service: ${type.name}`);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清空所有服务
+     */
+    public clear(): void {
+        // 清理所有单例实例
+        for (const [, registration] of this._services) {
+            if (registration.instance) {
+                registration.instance.dispose();
+            }
+        }
+
+        this._services.clear();
+        this._updatableServices = [];
+        logger.debug('Cleared all services');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取所有已注册的服务类型
+     *
+     * @returns 服务类型数组
+     */
+    public getRegisteredServices(): ServiceType<IService>[] {
+        return Array.from(this._services.keys());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 更新所有使用@Updatable装饰器标记的服务
+     *
+     * 此方法会按优先级顺序遍历所有可更新的服务并调用它们的update方法。
+     * 所有服务在注册时已经由@Updatable装饰器验证过必须实现IUpdatable接口。
+     * 通常在Core的主更新循环中调用。
+     *
+     * @param deltaTime - 可选的帧时间间隔（秒）
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 在Core的update方法中
+     * this._serviceContainer.updateAll(deltaTime);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public updateAll(deltaTime?: number): void {
+        for (const { instance } of this._updatableServices) {
+            instance.update(deltaTime);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取所有可更新的服务数量
+     *
+     * @returns 可更新服务的数量
+     */
+    public getUpdatableCount(): number {
+        return this._updatableServices.length;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取所有已实例化的服务实例
+     *
+     * @returns 所有服务实例的数组
+     */
+    public getAll(): IService[] {
+        const instances: IService[] = [];
+
+        for (const descriptor of this._services.values()) {
+            if (descriptor.instance) {
+                instances.push(descriptor.instance);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return instances;
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Component.ts

@@ -45,6 +45,13 @@ export abstract class Component implements IComponent {
      */
     public readonly id: number;
 
+    /**
+     * 所属实体ID
+     *
+     * 存储实体ID而非引用，避免循环引用，符合ECS数据导向设计。
+     */
+    public entityId: number | null = null;
+
     /**
      * 创建组件实例
      *
@@ -63,8 +70,7 @@ export abstract class Component implements IComponent {
      * 这是一个生命周期钩子，用于组件的初始化逻辑。
      * 虽然保留此方法，但建议将复杂的初始化逻辑放在 System 中处理。
      */
-    public onAddedToEntity(): void {
-    }
+    public onAddedToEntity(): void {}
 
     /**
      * 组件从实体移除时的回调
@@ -75,7 +81,5 @@ export abstract class Component implements IComponent {
      * 这是一个生命周期钩子，用于组件的清理逻辑。
      * 虽然保留此方法，但建议将复杂的清理逻辑放在 System 中处理。
      */
-    public onRemovedFromEntity(): void {
-    }
-
-}
+    public onRemovedFromEntity(): void {}
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Core/ArchetypeSystem.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-import {Entity} from '../Entity';
-import {ComponentType} from './ComponentStorage';
-import {BitMask64Data, BitMask64Utils, ComponentTypeManager} from "../Utils";
+import { Entity } from '../Entity';
+import { ComponentType, ComponentRegistry } from './ComponentStorage';
+import { BitMask64Data, BitMask64Utils } from "../Utils";
+import { BitMaskHashMap } from "../Utils/BitMaskHashMap";
 
 /**
  * 原型标识符
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ export interface ArchetypeQueryResult {
  */
 export class ArchetypeSystem {
     /** 所有原型的映射表 */
-    private _archetypes = new Map<number, Map<number, Archetype>>();
+    private _archetypes = new BitMaskHashMap<Archetype>();
 
     /** 实体到原型的映射 */
     private _entityToArchetype = new Map<Entity, Archetype>();
@@ -57,15 +58,13 @@ export class ArchetypeSystem {
         const componentTypes = this.getEntityComponentTypes(entity);
         const archetypeId = this.generateArchetypeId(componentTypes);
 
-        let archetype = this.getArchetype(archetypeId);
+        let archetype = this._archetypes.get(archetypeId);
         if (!archetype) {
             archetype = this.createArchetype(componentTypes);
         }
 
         archetype.entities.add(entity);
         this._entityToArchetype.set(entity, archetype);
-
-        this.updateComponentIndexes(archetype, componentTypes, true);
     }
     
     /**
@@ -109,7 +108,7 @@ export class ArchetypeSystem {
         }
 
         // 获取或创建新原型
-        let newArchetype = this.getArchetype(newArchetypeId);
+        let newArchetype = this._archetypes.get(newArchetypeId);
         if (!newArchetype) {
             newArchetype = this.createArchetype(newComponentTypes);
         }
@@ -118,12 +117,6 @@ export class ArchetypeSystem {
         newArchetype.entities.add(entity);
         this._entityToArchetype.set(entity, newArchetype);
 
-        // 更新组件索引
-        if (currentArchetype) {
-            this.updateComponentIndexes(currentArchetype, currentArchetype.componentTypes, false);
-        }
-        this.updateComponentIndexes(newArchetype, newComponentTypes, true);
-
     }
     
     /**
@@ -139,19 +132,52 @@ export class ArchetypeSystem {
         let totalEntities = 0;
 
         if (operation === 'AND') {
-            // 生成查询的 BitMask
-            const queryMask = this.generateArchetypeId(componentTypes);
-
-            // 使用 BitMask 位运算快速判断原型是否包含所有指定组件
-            for (const archetype of this._allArchetypes) {
-                if (BitMask64Utils.hasAll(archetype.id, queryMask)) {
+            if (componentTypes.length === 0) {
+                for (const archetype of this._allArchetypes) {
                     matchingArchetypes.push(archetype);
                     totalEntities += archetype.entities.size;
                 }
+                return { archetypes: matchingArchetypes, totalEntities };
+            }
+
+            if (componentTypes.length === 1) {
+                const archetypes = this._componentToArchetypes.get(componentTypes[0]);
+                if (archetypes) {
+                    for (const archetype of archetypes) {
+                        matchingArchetypes.push(archetype);
+                        totalEntities += archetype.entities.size;
+                    }
+                }
+                return { archetypes: matchingArchetypes, totalEntities };
+            }
+
+            let smallestSet: Set<Archetype> | undefined;
+            let smallestSize = Infinity;
+
+            for (const componentType of componentTypes) {
+                const archetypes = this._componentToArchetypes.get(componentType);
+                if (!archetypes || archetypes.size === 0) {
+                    return { archetypes: [], totalEntities: 0 };
+                }
+                if (archetypes.size < smallestSize) {
+                    smallestSize = archetypes.size;
+                    smallestSet = archetypes;
+                }
+            }
+
+            const queryMask = this.generateArchetypeId(componentTypes);
+
+            if (smallestSet) {
+                for (const archetype of smallestSet) {
+                    if (BitMask64Utils.hasAll(archetype.id, queryMask)) {
+                        matchingArchetypes.push(archetype);
+                        totalEntities += archetype.entities.size;
+                    }
+                }
             }
         } else {
             const foundArchetypes = new Set<Archetype>();
-            
+
             for (const componentType of componentTypes) {
                 const archetypes = this._componentToArchetypes.get(componentType);
                 if (archetypes) {
@@ -160,13 +186,13 @@ export class ArchetypeSystem {
                     }
                 }
             }
-            
+
             for (const archetype of foundArchetypes) {
                 matchingArchetypes.push(archetype);
                 totalEntities += archetype.entities.size;
             }
         }
-        
+
         return {
             archetypes: matchingArchetypes,
             totalEntities
@@ -215,25 +241,14 @@ export class ArchetypeSystem {
         this._entityComponentTypesCache.clear();
         this._allArchetypes = [];
     }
-    
-    /**
-     * 根据原型ID获取原型
-     * @param archetypeId
-     * @private
-     */
-    private getArchetype(archetypeId: ArchetypeId): Archetype | undefined {
-        return this._archetypes.get(archetypeId.hi)?.get(archetypeId.lo);
-    }
 
     /**
      * 更新所有原型数组
      */
     private updateAllArchetypeArrays(): void {
         this._allArchetypes = [];
-        for (const [, innerMap] of this._archetypes) {
-            for (const [, archetype] of innerMap) {
-                this._allArchetypes.push(archetype);
-            }
+        for (let archetype of this._archetypes.values()) {
+            this._allArchetypes.push(archetype);
         }
     }
 
@@ -251,10 +266,18 @@ export class ArchetypeSystem {
     
     /**
      * 生成原型ID
+     * 使用ComponentRegistry确保与Entity.componentMask使用相同的bitIndex
      */
     private generateArchetypeId(componentTypes: ComponentType[]): ArchetypeId {
-        let entityBits = ComponentTypeManager.instance.getEntityBits(componentTypes);
-        return entityBits.getValue();
+        let mask = BitMask64Utils.clone(BitMask64Utils.ZERO);
+        for (const type of componentTypes) {
+            if (!ComponentRegistry.isRegistered(type)) {
+                ComponentRegistry.register(type);
+            }
+            const bitMask = ComponentRegistry.getBitMask(type);
+            BitMask64Utils.orInPlace(mask, bitMask);
+        }
+        return mask;
     }
     
     /**
@@ -262,45 +285,26 @@ export class ArchetypeSystem {
      */
     private createArchetype(componentTypes: ComponentType[]): Archetype {
         const id = this.generateArchetypeId(componentTypes);
-        
+
         const archetype: Archetype = {
             id,
             componentTypes: [...componentTypes],
             entities: new Set<Entity>()
         };
-        // 存储原型ID - 原型
-        let archetypeGroup = this._archetypes.get(id.hi);
-        if (!archetypeGroup) {
-            archetypeGroup = new Map<number, Archetype>();
-            this._archetypes.set(id.hi, archetypeGroup);
-        }
-        archetypeGroup.set(id.lo, archetype);
-        // 更新数组
+        this._archetypes.set(id,archetype);
         this.updateAllArchetypeArrays();
-        return archetype;
-    }
-    
-    /**
-     * 更新组件索引
-     */
-    private updateComponentIndexes(archetype: Archetype, componentTypes: ComponentType[], add: boolean): void {
+
         for (const componentType of componentTypes) {
             let archetypes = this._componentToArchetypes.get(componentType);
             if (!archetypes) {
                 archetypes = new Set();
                 this._componentToArchetypes.set(componentType, archetypes);
             }
-            
-            if (add) {
-                archetypes.add(archetype);
-            } else {
-                archetypes.delete(archetype);
-                if (archetypes.size === 0) {
-                    this._componentToArchetypes.delete(componentType);
-                }
-            }
+            archetypes.add(archetype);
         }
+
+        return archetype;
     }
-    
+
 
 }

packages/core/src/ECS/Core/ComponentPool.ts

@@ -8,24 +8,41 @@ export class ComponentPool<T extends Component> {
     private createFn: () => T;
     private resetFn?: (component: T) => void;
     private maxSize: number;
+    private minSize: number;
+    private growthFactor: number;
+
+    private stats = {
+        totalCreated: 0,
+        totalAcquired: 0,
+        totalReleased: 0
+    };
 
     constructor(
         createFn: () => T,
         resetFn?: (component: T) => void,
-        maxSize: number = 1000
+        maxSize: number = 1000,
+        minSize: number = 10,
+        growthFactor: number = 1.5
     ) {
         this.createFn = createFn;
         this.resetFn = resetFn;
         this.maxSize = maxSize;
+        this.minSize = Math.max(1, minSize);
+        this.growthFactor = Math.max(1.1, growthFactor);
     }
 
     /**
      * 获取一个组件实例
      */
     acquire(): T {
+        this.stats.totalAcquired++;
+
         if (this.pool.length > 0) {
             return this.pool.pop()!;
         }
+
+        this.stats.totalCreated++;
+
         return this.createFn();
     }
 
@@ -33,20 +50,41 @@ export class ComponentPool<T extends Component> {
      * 释放一个组件实例回池中
      */
     release(component: T): void {
-        if (this.pool.length < this.maxSize) {
-            if (this.resetFn) {
-                this.resetFn(component);
-            }
-            this.pool.push(component);
+        this.stats.totalReleased++;
+
+        if (this.pool.length >= this.maxSize) {
+            return;
         }
+
+        if (this.resetFn) {
+            this.resetFn(component);
+        }
+
+        this.pool.push(component);
     }
 
     /**
      * 预填充对象池
      */
     prewarm(count: number): void {
-        for (let i = 0; i < count && this.pool.length < this.maxSize; i++) {
-            this.pool.push(this.createFn());
+        const targetCount = Math.min(count, this.maxSize);
+
+        for (let i = this.pool.length; i < targetCount; i++) {
+            const component = this.createFn();
+            if (this.resetFn) {
+                this.resetFn(component);
+            }
+            this.pool.push(component);
+            this.stats.totalCreated++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 自动收缩池大小
+     */
+    shrink(): void {
+        while (this.pool.length > this.minSize) {
+            this.pool.pop();
         }
     }
 
@@ -70,6 +108,35 @@ export class ComponentPool<T extends Component> {
     getMaxSize(): number {
         return this.maxSize;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取统计信息
+     */
+    getStats() {
+        const hitRate = this.stats.totalAcquired === 0
+            ? 0
+            : (this.stats.totalAcquired - this.stats.totalCreated) / this.stats.totalAcquired;
+
+        return {
+            totalCreated: this.stats.totalCreated,
+            totalAcquired: this.stats.totalAcquired,
+            totalReleased: this.stats.totalReleased,
+            hitRate: hitRate,
+            currentSize: this.pool.length,
+            maxSize: this.maxSize,
+            minSize: this.minSize,
+            utilizationRate: this.pool.length / this.maxSize
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 组件使用追踪
+ */
+interface ComponentUsageTracker {
+    createCount: number;
+    releaseCount: number;
+    lastAccessTime: number;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -78,6 +145,10 @@ export class ComponentPool<T extends Component> {
 export class ComponentPoolManager {
     private static instance: ComponentPoolManager;
     private pools = new Map<string, ComponentPool<any>>();
+    private usageTracker = new Map<string, ComponentUsageTracker>();
+
+    private autoCleanupInterval = 60000;
+    private lastCleanupTime = 0;
 
     private constructor() {}
 
@@ -95,9 +166,16 @@ export class ComponentPoolManager {
         componentName: string,
         createFn: () => T,
         resetFn?: (component: T) => void,
-        maxSize?: number
+        maxSize?: number,
+        minSize?: number
     ): void {
-        this.pools.set(componentName, new ComponentPool(createFn, resetFn, maxSize));
+        this.pools.set(componentName, new ComponentPool(createFn, resetFn, maxSize, minSize));
+
+        this.usageTracker.set(componentName, {
+            createCount: 0,
+            releaseCount: 0,
+            lastAccessTime: Date.now()
+        });
     }
 
     /**
@@ -105,6 +183,9 @@ export class ComponentPoolManager {
      */
     acquireComponent<T extends Component>(componentName: string): T | null {
         const pool = this.pools.get(componentName);
+
+        this.trackUsage(componentName, 'create');
+
         return pool ? pool.acquire() : null;
     }
 
@@ -113,11 +194,71 @@ export class ComponentPoolManager {
      */
     releaseComponent<T extends Component>(componentName: string, component: T): void {
         const pool = this.pools.get(componentName);
+
+        this.trackUsage(componentName, 'release');
+
         if (pool) {
             pool.release(component);
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 追踪使用情况
+     */
+    private trackUsage(componentName: string, action: 'create' | 'release'): void {
+        let tracker = this.usageTracker.get(componentName);
+
+        if (!tracker) {
+            tracker = {
+                createCount: 0,
+                releaseCount: 0,
+                lastAccessTime: Date.now()
+            };
+            this.usageTracker.set(componentName, tracker);
+        }
+
+        if (action === 'create') {
+            tracker.createCount++;
+        } else {
+            tracker.releaseCount++;
+        }
+
+        tracker.lastAccessTime = Date.now();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 自动清理(定期调用)
+     */
+    public update(): void {
+        const now = Date.now();
+
+        if (now - this.lastCleanupTime < this.autoCleanupInterval) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        for (const [name, tracker] of this.usageTracker.entries()) {
+            const inactive = now - tracker.lastAccessTime > 120000;
+
+            if (inactive) {
+                const pool = this.pools.get(name);
+                if (pool) {
+                    pool.shrink();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        this.lastCleanupTime = now;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取热点组件列表
+     */
+    public getHotComponents(threshold: number = 100): string[] {
+        return Array.from(this.usageTracker.entries())
+            .filter(([_, tracker]) => tracker.createCount > threshold)
+            .map(([name]) => name);
+    }
+
     /**
      * 预热所有池
      */
@@ -137,10 +278,28 @@ export class ComponentPoolManager {
     }
 
     /**
-     * 重置管理器，移除所有注册的池
+     * 重置管理器
      */
     reset(): void {
         this.pools.clear();
+        this.usageTracker.clear();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取全局统计信息
+     */
+    getGlobalStats() {
+        const stats: any[] = [];
+
+        for (const [name, pool] of this.pools.entries()) {
+            stats.push({
+                componentName: name,
+                poolStats: pool.getStats(),
+                usage: this.usageTracker.get(name)
+            });
+        }
+
+        return stats;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -158,7 +317,7 @@ export class ComponentPoolManager {
     }
 
     /**
-     * 获取池利用率信息（用于调试）
+     * 获取池利用率信息
      */
     getPoolUtilization(): Map<string, { used: number; total: number; utilization: number }> {
         const utilization = new Map();
@@ -167,7 +326,7 @@ export class ComponentPoolManager {
             const maxSize = pool.getMaxSize();
             const used = maxSize - available;
             const utilRate = maxSize > 0 ? (used / maxSize * 100) : 0;
-            
+
             utilization.set(name, {
                 used: used,
                 total: maxSize,
@@ -183,11 +342,11 @@ export class ComponentPoolManager {
     getComponentUtilization(componentName: string): number {
         const pool = this.pools.get(componentName);
         if (!pool) return 0;
-        
+
         const available = pool.getAvailableCount();
         const maxSize = pool.getMaxSize();
         const used = maxSize - available;
-        
+
         return maxSize > 0 ? (used / maxSize * 100) : 0;
     }
 } 

packages/core/src/ECS/Core/ComponentStorage/ComponentRegistry.ts

@@ -54,10 +54,7 @@ export class ComponentRegistry {
             const typeName = getComponentTypeName(componentType);
             throw new Error(`Component type ${typeName} is not registered`);
         }
-
-        const mask: BitMask64Data = { lo: 0, hi: 0 };
-        BitMask64Utils.setBitExtended(mask, bitIndex);
-        return mask;
+        return BitMask64Utils.create(bitIndex);
     }
 
     /**

packages/core/src/ECS/Core/FluentAPI/EntityBuilder.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ export class EntityBuilder {
     constructor(scene: IScene, storageManager: ComponentStorageManager) {
         this.scene = scene;
         this.storageManager = storageManager;
-        this.entity = new Entity("", scene.identifierPool.checkOut());
+        const id = scene.identifierPool.checkOut();
+        this.entity = new Entity("", id);
+        this.entity.scene = this.scene as any;
     }
 
     /**

packages/core/src/ECS/Core/Query/TypedQuery.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
+/**
+ * 类型安全的Query查询系统
+ *
+ * 提供完整的TypeScript类型推断，在编译时确保类型安全
+ */
+
+import type { Entity } from '../../Entity';
+import type { ComponentConstructor, ComponentInstance, ComponentTypeMap } from '../../../Types/TypeHelpers';
+import { Matcher, type QueryCondition } from '../../Utils/Matcher';
+
+/**
+ * 类型安全的查询结果
+ *
+ * 根据查询条件自动推断实体必定拥有的组件类型
+ */
+export class TypedQueryResult<TAll extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]> {
+    private _entities: readonly Entity[];
+    private _componentTypes: TAll;
+
+    constructor(entities: readonly Entity[], componentTypes: TAll) {
+        this._entities = entities;
+        this._componentTypes = componentTypes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取实体列表
+     */
+    get entities(): readonly Entity[] {
+        return this._entities;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 实体数量
+     */
+    get length(): number {
+        return this._entities.length;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 遍历所有实体
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * query.forEach((entity) => {
+     *     // entity.getComponent返回类型自动推断
+     *     const pos = entity.getComponent(Position); // Position类型
+     *     const vel = entity.getComponent(Velocity); // Velocity类型
+     * });
+     * ```
+     */
+    forEach(callback: (entity: Entity, index: number) => void): void {
+        this._entities.forEach(callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 映射转换实体
+     */
+    map<R>(callback: (entity: Entity, index: number) => R): R[] {
+        return this._entities.map(callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 过滤实体
+     */
+    filter(predicate: (entity: Entity, index: number) => boolean): TypedQueryResult<TAll> {
+        return new TypedQueryResult(this._entities.filter(predicate), this._componentTypes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 查找第一个匹配的实体
+     */
+    find(predicate: (entity: Entity, index: number) => boolean): Entity | undefined {
+        return this._entities.find(predicate);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否存在匹配的实体
+     */
+    some(predicate: (entity: Entity, index: number) => boolean): boolean {
+        return this._entities.some(predicate);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否所有实体都匹配
+     */
+    every(predicate: (entity: Entity, index: number) => boolean): boolean {
+        return this._entities.every(predicate);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取指定索引的实体
+     */
+    get(index: number): Entity | undefined {
+        return this._entities[index];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取第一个实体
+     */
+    get first(): Entity | undefined {
+        return this._entities[0];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取最后一个实体
+     */
+    get last(): Entity | undefined {
+        return this._entities[this._entities.length - 1];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查查询结果是否为空
+     */
+    get isEmpty(): boolean {
+        return this._entities.length === 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 转换为数组
+     */
+    toArray(): Entity[] {
+        return [...this._entities];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取组件类型信息（用于调试）
+     */
+    getComponentTypes(): readonly ComponentConstructor[] {
+        return this._componentTypes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 迭代器支持
+     */
+    [Symbol.iterator](): Iterator<Entity> {
+        return this._entities[Symbol.iterator]();
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 类型安全的查询构建器
+ *
+ * 支持链式调用，自动推断查询结果的类型
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * // 基础查询
+ * const query = new TypedQueryBuilder()
+ *     .withAll(Position, Velocity)
+ *     .build();
+ *
+ * // 复杂查询
+ * const complexQuery = new TypedQueryBuilder()
+ *     .withAll(Transform, Renderer)
+ *     .withAny(BoxCollider, CircleCollider)
+ *     .withNone(Disabled)
+ *     .withTag(EntityTags.Enemy)
+ *     .build();
+ * ```
+ */
+export class TypedQueryBuilder<
+    TAll extends readonly ComponentConstructor[] = [],
+    TAny extends readonly ComponentConstructor[] = [],
+    TNone extends readonly ComponentConstructor[] = []
+> {
+    private _all: TAll;
+    private _any: TAny;
+    private _none: TNone;
+    private _tag?: number;
+    private _name?: string;
+
+    constructor(
+        all?: TAll,
+        any?: TAny,
+        none?: TNone,
+        tag?: number,
+        name?: string
+    ) {
+        this._all = (all || []) as TAll;
+        this._any = (any || []) as TAny;
+        this._none = (none || []) as TNone;
+        this._tag = tag;
+        this._name = name;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 要求实体拥有所有指定的组件
+     *
+     * @param types 组件类型
+     * @returns 新的查询构建器，类型参数更新
+     */
+    withAll<TNewAll extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]>(
+        ...types: TNewAll
+    ): TypedQueryBuilder<
+        readonly [...TAll, ...TNewAll],
+        TAny,
+        TNone
+    > {
+        return new TypedQueryBuilder(
+            [...this._all, ...types] as readonly [...TAll, ...TNewAll],
+            this._any,
+            this._none,
+            this._tag,
+            this._name
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 要求实体至少拥有一个指定的组件
+     *
+     * @param types 组件类型
+     * @returns 新的查询构建器
+     */
+    withAny<TNewAny extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]>(
+        ...types: TNewAny
+    ): TypedQueryBuilder<
+        TAll,
+        readonly [...TAny, ...TNewAny],
+        TNone
+    > {
+        return new TypedQueryBuilder(
+            this._all,
+            [...this._any, ...types] as readonly [...TAny, ...TNewAny],
+            this._none,
+            this._tag,
+            this._name
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 排除拥有指定组件的实体
+     *
+     * @param types 组件类型
+     * @returns 新的查询构建器
+     */
+    withNone<TNewNone extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]>(
+        ...types: TNewNone
+    ): TypedQueryBuilder<
+        TAll,
+        TAny,
+        readonly [...TNone, ...TNewNone]
+    > {
+        return new TypedQueryBuilder(
+            this._all,
+            this._any,
+            [...this._none, ...types] as readonly [...TNone, ...TNewNone],
+            this._tag,
+            this._name
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 按标签过滤实体
+     *
+     * @param tag 标签值
+     * @returns 新的查询构建器
+     */
+    withTag(tag: number): TypedQueryBuilder<TAll, TAny, TNone> {
+        return new TypedQueryBuilder(
+            this._all,
+            this._any,
+            this._none,
+            tag,
+            this._name
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 按名称过滤实体
+     *
+     * @param name 实体名称
+     * @returns 新的查询构建器
+     */
+    withName(name: string): TypedQueryBuilder<TAll, TAny, TNone> {
+        return new TypedQueryBuilder(
+            this._all,
+            this._any,
+            this._none,
+            this._tag,
+            name
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 构建Matcher对象
+     *
+     * @returns Matcher实例，用于传统查询API
+     */
+    buildMatcher(): Matcher {
+        let matcher = Matcher.complex();
+
+        if (this._all.length > 0) {
+            matcher = matcher.all(...(this._all as unknown as ComponentConstructor[]));
+        }
+
+        if (this._any.length > 0) {
+            matcher = matcher.any(...(this._any as unknown as ComponentConstructor[]));
+        }
+
+        if (this._none.length > 0) {
+            matcher = matcher.none(...(this._none as unknown as ComponentConstructor[]));
+        }
+
+        if (this._tag !== undefined) {
+            matcher = matcher.withTag(this._tag);
+        }
+
+        if (this._name !== undefined) {
+            matcher = matcher.withName(this._name);
+        }
+
+        return matcher;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取查询条件
+     *
+     * @returns 查询条件对象
+     */
+    getCondition(): QueryCondition {
+        return {
+            all: [...this._all] as ComponentConstructor[],
+            any: [...this._any] as ComponentConstructor[],
+            none: [...this._none] as ComponentConstructor[],
+            tag: this._tag,
+            name: this._name
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取required组件类型（用于类型推断）
+     */
+    getRequiredTypes(): TAll {
+        return this._all;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 克隆查询构建器
+     */
+    clone(): TypedQueryBuilder<TAll, TAny, TNone> {
+        return new TypedQueryBuilder(
+            [...this._all] as unknown as TAll,
+            [...this._any] as unknown as TAny,
+            [...this._none] as unknown as TNone,
+            this._tag,
+            this._name
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 创建类型安全的查询构建器
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const query = createQuery()
+ *     .withAll(Position, Velocity)
+ *     .withNone(Disabled);
+ *
+ * // 在System或Scene中使用
+ * const entities = scene.query(query);
+ * entities.forEach(entity => {
+ *     const pos = entity.getComponent(Position);  // 自动推断为Position
+ *     const vel = entity.getComponent(Velocity);  // 自动推断为Velocity
+ * });
+ * ```
+ */
+export function createQuery(): TypedQueryBuilder<[], [], []> {
+    return new TypedQueryBuilder();
+}
+
+/**
+ * 创建单组件查询的便捷方法
+ *
+ * @param componentType 组件类型
+ * @returns 查询构建器
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const healthEntities = queryFor(HealthComponent);
+ * ```
+ */
+export function queryFor<T extends ComponentConstructor>(
+    componentType: T
+): TypedQueryBuilder<readonly [T], [], []> {
+    return new TypedQueryBuilder([componentType] as readonly [T]);
+}
+
+/**
+ * 创建多组件查询的便捷方法
+ *
+ * @param types 组件类型数组
+ * @returns 查询构建器
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const movableEntities = queryForAll(Position, Velocity);
+ * ```
+ */
+export function queryForAll<T extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]>(
+    ...types: T
+): TypedQueryBuilder<T, [], []> {
+    return new TypedQueryBuilder(types);
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Core/QuerySystem.ts

@@ -4,42 +4,11 @@ import { ComponentRegistry, ComponentType } from './ComponentStorage';
 import { BitMask64Utils, BitMask64Data } from '../Utils/BigIntCompatibility';
 import { createLogger } from '../../Utils/Logger';
 import { getComponentTypeName } from '../Decorators';
+import { Archetype, ArchetypeSystem } from './ArchetypeSystem';
+import { ReactiveQuery, ReactiveQueryConfig } from './ReactiveQuery';
+import { QueryCondition, QueryConditionType, QueryResult } from './QueryTypes';
 
-import { ComponentPoolManager } from './ComponentPool';
-import { ArchetypeSystem, Archetype, ArchetypeQueryResult } from './ArchetypeSystem';
-
-/**
- * 查询条件类型
- */
-export enum QueryConditionType {
-    /** 必须包含所有指定组件 */
-    ALL = 'all',
-    /** 必须包含任意一个指定组件 */
-    ANY = 'any',
-    /** 不能包含任何指定组件 */
-    NONE = 'none'
-}
-
-/**
- * 查询条件接口
- */
-export interface QueryCondition {
-    type: QueryConditionType;
-    componentTypes: ComponentType[];
-    mask: BitMask64Data;
-}
-
-/**
- * 实体查询结果接口
- */
-export interface QueryResult {
-    entities: readonly Entity[];
-    count: number;
-    /** 查询执行时间（毫秒） */
-    executionTime: number;
-    /** 是否来自缓存 */
-    fromCache: boolean;
-}
+export { QueryCondition, QueryConditionType, QueryResult };
 
 /**
  * 实体索引结构
@@ -78,19 +47,16 @@ export class QuerySystem {
     private entities: Entity[] = [];
     private entityIndex: EntityIndex;
 
-    // 版本号，用于缓存失效
     private _version = 0;
 
-    // 查询缓存系统
     private queryCache = new Map<string, QueryCacheEntry>();
     private cacheMaxSize = 1000;
-    private cacheTimeout = 5000; // 5秒缓存过期
+    private cacheTimeout = 5000;
 
     private componentMaskCache = new Map<string, BitMask64Data>();
 
     private archetypeSystem: ArchetypeSystem;
 
-    // 性能统计
     private queryStats = {
         totalQueries: 0,
         cacheHits: 0,
@@ -100,6 +66,9 @@ export class QuerySystem {
         dirtyChecks: 0
     };
 
+    private resultArrayPool: Entity[][] = [];
+    private poolMaxSize = 50;
+
     constructor() {
         this.entityIndex = {
             byTag: new Map(),
@@ -109,19 +78,32 @@ export class QuerySystem {
         this.archetypeSystem = new ArchetypeSystem();
     }
 
+    private acquireResultArray(): Entity[] {
+        if (this.resultArrayPool.length > 0) {
+            return this.resultArrayPool.pop()!;
+        }
+        return [];
+    }
 
+    private releaseResultArray(array: Entity[]): void {
+        if (this.resultArrayPool.length < this.poolMaxSize) {
+            array.length = 0;
+            this.resultArrayPool.push(array);
+        }
+    }
 
     /**
      * 设置实体列表并重建索引
-     * 
+     *
      * 当实体集合发生大规模变化时调用此方法。
      * 系统将重新构建所有索引以确保查询性能。
-     * 
+     *
      * @param entities 新的实体列表
      */
     public setEntities(entities: Entity[]): void {
         this.entities = entities;
         this.clearQueryCache();
+        this.clearReactiveQueries();
         this.rebuildIndexes();
     }
 
@@ -141,12 +123,14 @@ export class QuerySystem {
 
             this.archetypeSystem.addEntity(entity);
 
+            // 通知响应式查询
+            this.notifyReactiveQueriesEntityAdded(entity);
 
             // 只有在非延迟模式下才立即清理缓存
             if (!deferCacheClear) {
                 this.clearQueryCache();
             }
-            
+
             // 更新版本号
             this._version++;
         }
@@ -224,14 +208,24 @@ export class QuerySystem {
     public removeEntity(entity: Entity): void {
         const index = this.entities.indexOf(entity);
         if (index !== -1) {
+            const componentTypes: ComponentType[] = [];
+            for (const component of entity.components) {
+                componentTypes.push(component.constructor as ComponentType);
+            }
+
             this.entities.splice(index, 1);
             this.removeEntityFromIndexes(entity);
 
             this.archetypeSystem.removeEntity(entity);
 
+            if (componentTypes.length > 0) {
+                this.notifyReactiveQueriesEntityRemoved(entity, componentTypes);
+            } else {
+                this.notifyReactiveQueriesEntityRemovedFallback(entity);
+            }
+
             this.clearQueryCache();
 
-            // 更新版本号
             this._version++;
         }
     }
@@ -259,6 +253,9 @@ export class QuerySystem {
         // 重新添加实体到索引（基于新的组件状态）
         this.addEntityToIndexes(entity);
 
+        // 通知响应式查询
+        this.notifyReactiveQueriesEntityChanged(entity);
+
         // 清理查询缓存，因为实体组件状态已改变
         this.clearQueryCache();
 
@@ -346,13 +343,13 @@ export class QuerySystem {
 
     /**
      * 查询包含所有指定组件的实体
-     * 
+     *
      * 返回同时包含所有指定组件类型的实体列表。
-     * 系统会自动选择最高效的查询策略，包括索引查找和缓存机制。
-     * 
+     * 内部使用响应式查询作为智能缓存,自动跟踪实体变化,性能更优。
+     *
      * @param componentTypes 要查询的组件类型列表
      * @returns 查询结果，包含匹配的实体和性能信息
-     * 
+     *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
      * // 查询同时具有位置和速度组件的实体
@@ -364,38 +361,20 @@ export class QuerySystem {
         const startTime = performance.now();
         this.queryStats.totalQueries++;
 
-        // 生成缓存键
-        const cacheKey = this.generateCacheKey('all', componentTypes);
+        // 使用内部响应式查询作为智能缓存
+        const reactiveQuery = this.getOrCreateReactiveQuery(QueryConditionType.ALL, componentTypes);
 
-        // 检查缓存
-        const cached = this.getFromCache(cacheKey);
-        if (cached) {
-            this.queryStats.cacheHits++;
-            return {
-                entities: cached,
-                count: cached.length,
-                executionTime: performance.now() - startTime,
-                fromCache: true
-            };
-        }
+        // 从响应式查询获取结果(永远是最新的)
+        const entities = reactiveQuery.getEntities();
 
-        this.queryStats.archetypeHits++;
-        const archetypeResult = this.archetypeSystem.queryArchetypes(componentTypes, 'AND');
-
-        const entities: Entity[] = [];
-        for (const archetype of archetypeResult.archetypes) {
-            for (const entity of archetype.entities) {
-                entities.push(entity);
-            }
-        }
-
-        this.addToCache(cacheKey, entities);
+        // 统计为缓存命中(响应式查询本质上是永不过期的智能缓存)
+        this.queryStats.cacheHits++;
 
         return {
             entities,
             count: entities.length,
             executionTime: performance.now() - startTime,
-            fromCache: false
+            fromCache: true
         };
     }
 
@@ -425,13 +404,13 @@ export class QuerySystem {
 
     /**
      * 查询包含任意指定组件的实体
-     * 
+     *
      * 返回包含任意一个指定组件类型的实体列表。
-     * 使用集合合并算法确保高效的查询性能。
-     * 
+     * 内部使用响应式查询作为智能缓存,自动跟踪实体变化,性能更优。
+     *
      * @param componentTypes 要查询的组件类型列表
      * @returns 查询结果，包含匹配的实体和性能信息
-     * 
+     *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
      * // 查询具有武器或护甲组件的实体
@@ -443,49 +422,32 @@ export class QuerySystem {
         const startTime = performance.now();
         this.queryStats.totalQueries++;
 
-        const cacheKey = this.generateCacheKey('any', componentTypes);
+        // 使用内部响应式查询作为智能缓存
+        const reactiveQuery = this.getOrCreateReactiveQuery(QueryConditionType.ANY, componentTypes);
 
-        // 检查缓存
-        const cached = this.getFromCache(cacheKey);
-        if (cached) {
-            this.queryStats.cacheHits++;
-            return {
-                entities: cached,
-                count: cached.length,
-                executionTime: performance.now() - startTime,
-                fromCache: true
-            };
-        }
+        // 从响应式查询获取结果(永远是最新的)
+        const entities = reactiveQuery.getEntities();
 
-        this.queryStats.archetypeHits++;
-        const archetypeResult = this.archetypeSystem.queryArchetypes(componentTypes, 'OR');
-
-        const entities: Entity[] = [];
-        for (const archetype of archetypeResult.archetypes) {
-            for (const entity of archetype.entities) {
-                entities.push(entity);
-            }
-        }
-        
-        this.addToCache(cacheKey, entities);
+        // 统计为缓存命中(响应式查询本质上是永不过期的智能缓存)
+        this.queryStats.cacheHits++;
 
         return {
             entities,
             count: entities.length,
             executionTime: performance.now() - startTime,
-            fromCache: false
+            fromCache: true
         };
     }
 
     /**
      * 查询不包含任何指定组件的实体
-     * 
+     *
      * 返回不包含任何指定组件类型的实体列表。
-     * 适用于排除特定类型实体的查询场景。
-     * 
+     * 内部使用响应式查询作为智能缓存,自动跟踪实体变化,性能更优。
+     *
      * @param componentTypes 要排除的组件类型列表
      * @returns 查询结果，包含匹配的实体和性能信息
-     * 
+     *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
      * // 查询不具有AI和玩家控制组件的实体（如静态物体）
@@ -497,32 +459,20 @@ export class QuerySystem {
         const startTime = performance.now();
         this.queryStats.totalQueries++;
 
-        const cacheKey = this.generateCacheKey('none', componentTypes);
+        // 使用内部响应式查询作为智能缓存
+        const reactiveQuery = this.getOrCreateReactiveQuery(QueryConditionType.NONE, componentTypes);
 
-        // 检查缓存
-        const cached = this.getFromCache(cacheKey);
-        if (cached) {
-            this.queryStats.cacheHits++;
-            return {
-                entities: cached,
-                count: cached.length,
-                executionTime: performance.now() - startTime,
-                fromCache: true
-            };
-        }
+        // 从响应式查询获取结果(永远是最新的)
+        const entities = reactiveQuery.getEntities();
 
-        const mask = this.createComponentMask(componentTypes);
-        const entities = this.entities.filter(entity =>
-            BitMask64Utils.hasNone(entity.componentMask, mask)
-        );
-
-        this.addToCache(cacheKey, entities);
+        // 统计为缓存命中(响应式查询本质上是永不过期的智能缓存)
+        this.queryStats.cacheHits++;
 
         return {
             entities,
             count: entities.length,
             executionTime: performance.now() - startTime,
-            fromCache: false
+            fromCache: true
         };
     }
 
@@ -745,6 +695,20 @@ export class QuerySystem {
         this.componentMaskCache.clear();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 清除所有响应式查询
+     *
+     * 销毁所有响应式查询实例并清理索引
+     * 通常在setEntities时调用以确保缓存一致性
+     */
+    private clearReactiveQueries(): void {
+        for (const query of this._reactiveQueries.values()) {
+            query.dispose();
+        }
+        this._reactiveQueries.clear();
+        this._reactiveQueriesByComponent.clear();
+    }
+
     /**
      * 高效的缓存键生成
      */
@@ -768,11 +732,111 @@ export class QuerySystem {
 
     /**
      * 清理查询缓存
-     * 
+     *
      * 用于外部调用清理缓存，通常在批量操作后使用。
+     * 注意:此方法也会清理响应式查询缓存
      */
     public clearCache(): void {
         this.clearQueryCache();
+        this.clearReactiveQueries();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建响应式查询
+     *
+     * 响应式查询会自动跟踪实体/组件的变化,并通过事件通知订阅者。
+     * 适合需要实时响应实体变化的场景(如UI更新、AI系统等)。
+     *
+     * @param componentTypes 查询的组件类型列表
+     * @param config 可选的查询配置
+     * @returns 响应式查询实例
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const query = querySystem.createReactiveQuery([Position, Velocity], {
+     *     enableBatchMode: true,
+     *     batchDelay: 16
+     * });
+     *
+     * query.subscribe((change) => {
+     *     if (change.type === ReactiveQueryChangeType.ADDED) {
+     *         console.log('新实体:', change.entity);
+     *     }
+     * });
+     * ```
+     */
+    public createReactiveQuery(
+        componentTypes: ComponentType[],
+        config?: ReactiveQueryConfig
+    ): ReactiveQuery {
+        if (!componentTypes || componentTypes.length === 0) {
+            throw new Error('组件类型列表不能为空');
+        }
+
+        const mask = this.createComponentMask(componentTypes);
+        const condition: QueryCondition = {
+            type: QueryConditionType.ALL,
+            componentTypes,
+            mask
+        };
+
+        const query = new ReactiveQuery(condition, config);
+
+        const initialEntities = this.executeTraditionalQuery(
+            QueryConditionType.ALL,
+            componentTypes
+        );
+        query.initializeWith(initialEntities);
+
+        const cacheKey = this.generateCacheKey('all', componentTypes);
+        this._reactiveQueries.set(cacheKey, query);
+
+        for (const type of componentTypes) {
+            let queries = this._reactiveQueriesByComponent.get(type);
+            if (!queries) {
+                queries = new Set();
+                this._reactiveQueriesByComponent.set(type, queries);
+            }
+            queries.add(query);
+        }
+
+        return query;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 销毁响应式查询
+     *
+     * 清理查询占用的资源,包括监听器和实体引用。
+     * 销毁后的查询不应再被使用。
+     *
+     * @param query 要销毁的响应式查询
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const query = querySystem.createReactiveQuery([Position, Velocity]);
+     * // ... 使用查询
+     * querySystem.destroyReactiveQuery(query);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public destroyReactiveQuery(query: ReactiveQuery): void {
+        if (!query) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const cacheKey = query.id;
+        this._reactiveQueries.delete(cacheKey);
+
+        for (const type of query.condition.componentTypes) {
+            const queries = this._reactiveQueriesByComponent.get(type);
+            if (queries) {
+                queries.delete(query);
+                if (queries.size === 0) {
+                    this._reactiveQueriesByComponent.delete(type);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        query.dispose();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -780,6 +844,7 @@ export class QuerySystem {
      *
      * 根据组件类型列表生成对应的位掩码。
      * 使用缓存避免重复计算。
+     * 注意:必须使用ComponentRegistry来确保与Entity.componentMask使用相同的bitIndex
      *
      * @param componentTypes 组件类型列表
      * @returns 生成的位掩码
@@ -787,8 +852,7 @@ export class QuerySystem {
     private createComponentMask(componentTypes: ComponentType[]): BitMask64Data {
         // 生成缓存键
         const cacheKey = componentTypes.map(t => {
-            const name = getComponentTypeName(t);
-            return name;
+            return getComponentTypeName(t);
         }).sort().join(',');
 
         // 检查缓存
@@ -797,22 +861,15 @@ export class QuerySystem {
             return cached;
         }
 
+        // 使用ComponentRegistry而不是ComponentTypeManager,确保bitIndex一致
         let mask = BitMask64Utils.clone(BitMask64Utils.ZERO);
-        let hasValidComponents = false;
-
         for (const type of componentTypes) {
-            try {
-                const bitMask = ComponentRegistry.getBitMask(type);
-                BitMask64Utils.orInPlace(mask, bitMask);
-                hasValidComponents = true;
-            } catch (error) {
-                this._logger.warn(`组件类型 ${getComponentTypeName(type)} 未注册，跳过`);
+            // 确保组件已注册
+            if (!ComponentRegistry.isRegistered(type)) {
+                ComponentRegistry.register(type);
             }
-        }
-
-        // 如果没有有效的组件类型，返回一个不可能匹配的掩码
-        if (!hasValidComponents) {
-            mask = { lo: 0xFFFFFFFF, hi: 0xFFFFFFFF };
+            const bitMask = ComponentRegistry.getBitMask(type);
+            BitMask64Utils.orInPlace(mask, bitMask);
         }
 
         // 缓存结果
@@ -886,7 +943,7 @@ export class QuerySystem {
                 }))
             },
             cacheStats: {
-                size: this.queryCache.size,
+                size: this._reactiveQueries.size,
                 hitRate: this.queryStats.totalQueries > 0 ?
                     (this.queryStats.cacheHits / this.queryStats.totalQueries * 100).toFixed(2) + '%' : '0%'
             }
@@ -895,12 +952,230 @@ export class QuerySystem {
 
     /**
      * 获取实体所属的原型信息
-     * 
+     *
      * @param entity 要查询的实体
      */
     public getEntityArchetype(entity: Entity): Archetype | undefined {
         return this.archetypeSystem.getEntityArchetype(entity);
     }
+
+    // ============================================================
+    // 响应式查询支持(内部智能缓存)
+    // ============================================================
+
+    /**
+     * 响应式查询集合(内部使用,作为智能缓存)
+     * 传统查询API(queryAll/queryAny/queryNone)内部自动使用响应式查询优化性能
+     */
+    private _reactiveQueries: Map<string, ReactiveQuery> = new Map();
+
+    /**
+     * 按组件类型索引的响应式查询
+     * 用于快速定位哪些查询关心某个组件类型
+     */
+    private _reactiveQueriesByComponent: Map<ComponentType, Set<ReactiveQuery>> = new Map();
+
+    /**
+     * 获取或创建内部响应式查询(作为智能缓存)
+     *
+     * @param queryType 查询类型
+     * @param componentTypes 组件类型列表
+     * @returns 响应式查询实例
+     */
+    private getOrCreateReactiveQuery(
+        queryType: QueryConditionType,
+        componentTypes: ComponentType[]
+    ): ReactiveQuery {
+        // 生成缓存键(与传统缓存键格式一致)
+        const cacheKey = this.generateCacheKey(queryType, componentTypes);
+
+        // 检查是否已存在响应式查询
+        let reactiveQuery = this._reactiveQueries.get(cacheKey);
+
+        if (!reactiveQuery) {
+            // 创建查询条件
+            const mask = this.createComponentMask(componentTypes);
+            const condition: QueryCondition = {
+                type: queryType,
+                componentTypes,
+                mask
+            };
+
+            // 创建响应式查询(禁用批量模式,保持实时性)
+            reactiveQuery = new ReactiveQuery(condition, {
+                enableBatchMode: false,
+                debug: false
+            });
+
+            // 初始化查询结果(使用传统方式获取初始数据)
+            const initialEntities = this.executeTraditionalQuery(queryType, componentTypes);
+            reactiveQuery.initializeWith(initialEntities);
+
+            // 注册响应式查询
+            this._reactiveQueries.set(cacheKey, reactiveQuery);
+
+            // 为每个组件类型注册索引
+            for (const type of componentTypes) {
+                let queries = this._reactiveQueriesByComponent.get(type);
+                if (!queries) {
+                    queries = new Set();
+                    this._reactiveQueriesByComponent.set(type, queries);
+                }
+                queries.add(reactiveQuery);
+            }
+
+            this._logger.debug(`创建内部响应式查询缓存: ${cacheKey}`);
+        }
+
+        return reactiveQuery;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 执行传统查询(内部使用,用于响应式查询初始化)
+     *
+     * @param queryType 查询类型
+     * @param componentTypes 组件类型列表
+     * @returns 匹配的实体列表
+     */
+    private executeTraditionalQuery(
+        queryType: QueryConditionType,
+        componentTypes: ComponentType[]
+    ): Entity[] {
+        switch (queryType) {
+            case QueryConditionType.ALL: {
+                const archetypeResult = this.archetypeSystem.queryArchetypes(componentTypes, 'AND');
+                const entities: Entity[] = [];
+                for (const archetype of archetypeResult.archetypes) {
+                    for (const entity of archetype.entities) {
+                        entities.push(entity);
+                    }
+                }
+                return entities;
+            }
+            case QueryConditionType.ANY: {
+                const archetypeResult = this.archetypeSystem.queryArchetypes(componentTypes, 'OR');
+                const entities: Entity[] = [];
+                for (const archetype of archetypeResult.archetypes) {
+                    for (const entity of archetype.entities) {
+                        entities.push(entity);
+                    }
+                }
+                return entities;
+            }
+            case QueryConditionType.NONE: {
+                const mask = this.createComponentMask(componentTypes);
+                return this.entities.filter(entity =>
+                    BitMask64Utils.hasNone(entity.componentMask, mask)
+                );
+            }
+            default:
+                return [];
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 通知所有响应式查询实体已添加
+     *
+     * 使用组件类型索引,只通知关心该实体组件的查询
+     *
+     * @param entity 添加的实体
+     */
+    private notifyReactiveQueriesEntityAdded(entity: Entity): void {
+        if (this._reactiveQueries.size === 0) return;
+
+        const notified = new Set<ReactiveQuery>();
+
+        for (const component of entity.components) {
+            const componentType = component.constructor as ComponentType;
+            const queries = this._reactiveQueriesByComponent.get(componentType);
+
+            if (queries) {
+                for (const query of queries) {
+                    if (!notified.has(query)) {
+                        query.notifyEntityAdded(entity);
+                        notified.add(query);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 通知响应式查询实体已移除
+     *
+     * 使用组件类型索引,只通知关心该实体组件的查询
+     *
+     * @param entity 移除的实体
+     * @param componentTypes 实体移除前的组件类型列表
+     */
+    private notifyReactiveQueriesEntityRemoved(entity: Entity, componentTypes: ComponentType[]): void {
+        if (this._reactiveQueries.size === 0) return;
+
+        const notified = new Set<ReactiveQuery>();
+
+        for (const componentType of componentTypes) {
+            const queries = this._reactiveQueriesByComponent.get(componentType);
+            if (queries) {
+                for (const query of queries) {
+                    if (!notified.has(query)) {
+                        query.notifyEntityRemoved(entity);
+                        notified.add(query);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 通知响应式查询实体已移除(后备方案)
+     *
+     * 当实体已经清空组件时使用,通知所有查询
+     *
+     * @param entity 移除的实体
+     */
+    private notifyReactiveQueriesEntityRemovedFallback(entity: Entity): void {
+        if (this._reactiveQueries.size === 0) return;
+
+        for (const query of this._reactiveQueries.values()) {
+            query.notifyEntityRemoved(entity);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 通知响应式查询实体已变化
+     *
+     * 使用混合策略:
+     * 1. 首先通知关心实体当前组件的查询
+     * 2. 然后通知所有其他查询(包括那些可能因为组件移除而不再匹配的查询)
+     *
+     * @param entity 变化的实体
+     */
+    private notifyReactiveQueriesEntityChanged(entity: Entity): void {
+        if (this._reactiveQueries.size === 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const notified = new Set<ReactiveQuery>();
+
+        for (const component of entity.components) {
+            const componentType = component.constructor as ComponentType;
+            const queries = this._reactiveQueriesByComponent.get(componentType);
+            if (queries) {
+                for (const query of queries) {
+                    if (!notified.has(query)) {
+                        query.notifyEntityChanged(entity);
+                        notified.add(query);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (const query of this._reactiveQueries.values()) {
+            if (!notified.has(query)) {
+                query.notifyEntityChanged(entity);
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 /**

packages/core/src/ECS/Core/QueryTypes.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import { ComponentType } from './ComponentStorage';
+import { BitMask64Data } from '../Utils/BigIntCompatibility';
+import { Entity } from '../Entity';
+
+/**
+ * 查询条件类型
+ */
+export enum QueryConditionType {
+    /** 必须包含所有指定组件 */
+    ALL = 'all',
+    /** 必须包含任意一个指定组件 */
+    ANY = 'any',
+    /** 不能包含任何指定组件 */
+    NONE = 'none'
+}
+
+/**
+ * 查询条件接口
+ */
+export interface QueryCondition {
+    type: QueryConditionType;
+    componentTypes: ComponentType[];
+    mask: BitMask64Data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 实体查询结果接口
+ */
+export interface QueryResult {
+    entities: readonly Entity[];
+    count: number;
+    /** 查询执行时间（毫秒） */
+    executionTime: number;
+    /** 是否来自缓存 */
+    fromCache: boolean;
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Core/ReactiveQuery.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,475 @@
+import { Entity } from '../Entity';
+import { QueryCondition, QueryConditionType } from './QueryTypes';
+import { BitMask64Utils } from '../Utils/BigIntCompatibility';
+import { createLogger } from '../../Utils/Logger';
+
+const logger = createLogger('ReactiveQuery');
+
+/**
+ * 响应式查询变化类型
+ */
+export enum ReactiveQueryChangeType {
+    /** 实体添加到查询结果 */
+    ADDED = 'added',
+    /** 实体从查询结果移除 */
+    REMOVED = 'removed',
+    /** 查询结果批量更新 */
+    BATCH_UPDATE = 'batch_update'
+}
+
+/**
+ * 响应式查询变化事件
+ */
+export interface ReactiveQueryChange {
+    /** 变化类型 */
+    type: ReactiveQueryChangeType;
+    /** 变化的实体 */
+    entity?: Entity;
+    /** 批量变化的实体 */
+    entities?: readonly Entity[];
+    /** 新增的实体列表(仅batch_update时有效) */
+    added?: readonly Entity[];
+    /** 移除的实体列表(仅batch_update时有效) */
+    removed?: readonly Entity[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * 响应式查询监听器
+ */
+export type ReactiveQueryListener = (change: ReactiveQueryChange) => void;
+
+/**
+ * 响应式查询配置
+ */
+export interface ReactiveQueryConfig {
+    /** 是否启用批量模式(减少通知频率) */
+    enableBatchMode?: boolean;
+    /** 批量模式的延迟时间(毫秒) */
+    batchDelay?: number;
+    /** 调试模式 */
+    debug?: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 响应式查询类
+ *
+ * 提供基于事件驱动的实体查询机制,只在实体/组件真正变化时触发通知。
+ *
+ * 核心特性:
+ * - Event-driven: 基于事件的增量更新
+ * - 精确通知: 只通知真正匹配的变化
+ * - 性能优化: 避免每帧重复查询
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * // 创建响应式查询
+ * const query = new ReactiveQuery(querySystem, {
+ *     type: QueryConditionType.ALL,
+ *     componentTypes: [Position, Velocity],
+ *     mask: createMask([Position, Velocity])
+ * });
+ *
+ * // 订阅变化
+ * query.subscribe((change) => {
+ *     if (change.type === ReactiveQueryChangeType.ADDED) {
+ *         console.log('新实体:', change.entity);
+ *     }
+ * });
+ *
+ * // 获取当前结果
+ * const entities = query.getEntities();
+ * ```
+ */
+export class ReactiveQuery {
+    /** 当前查询结果 */
+    private _entities: Entity[] = [];
+
+    /** 实体ID集合,用于快速查找 */
+    private _entityIdSet: Set<number> = new Set();
+
+    /** 查询条件 */
+    private readonly _condition: QueryCondition;
+
+    /** 监听器列表 */
+    private _listeners: ReactiveQueryListener[] = [];
+
+    /** 配置 */
+    private readonly _config: ReactiveQueryConfig;
+
+    /** 批量变化缓存 */
+    private _batchChanges: {
+        added: Entity[];
+        removed: Entity[];
+        timer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null;
+    };
+
+    /** 查询ID(用于调试) */
+    private readonly _id: string;
+
+    /** 是否已激活 */
+    private _active: boolean = true;
+
+    constructor(condition: QueryCondition, config: ReactiveQueryConfig = {}) {
+        this._condition = condition;
+        this._config = {
+            enableBatchMode: config.enableBatchMode ?? true,
+            batchDelay: config.batchDelay ?? 16, // 默认一帧
+            debug: config.debug ?? false
+        };
+
+        this._id = this.generateQueryId();
+
+        this._batchChanges = {
+            added: [],
+            removed: [],
+            timer: null
+        };
+
+        if (this._config.debug) {
+            logger.debug(`创建ReactiveQuery: ${this._id}`);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 生成查询ID
+     */
+    private generateQueryId(): string {
+        const typeStr = this._condition.type;
+        const componentsStr = this._condition.componentTypes
+            .map(t => t.name)
+            .sort()
+            .join(',');
+        return `${typeStr}:${componentsStr}`;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 订阅查询变化
+     *
+     * @param listener 监听器函数
+     * @returns 取消订阅的函数
+     */
+    public subscribe(listener: ReactiveQueryListener): () => void {
+        if (!this._active) {
+            throw new Error(`Cannot subscribe to disposed ReactiveQuery ${this._id}`);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof listener !== 'function') {
+            throw new TypeError('Listener must be a function');
+        }
+
+        this._listeners.push(listener);
+
+        if (this._config.debug) {
+            logger.debug(`订阅ReactiveQuery: ${this._id}, 监听器数量: ${this._listeners.length}`);
+        }
+
+        return () => {
+            const index = this._listeners.indexOf(listener);
+            if (index !== -1) {
+                this._listeners.splice(index, 1);
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 取消所有订阅
+     */
+    public unsubscribeAll(): void {
+        this._listeners.length = 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取当前查询结果
+     */
+    public getEntities(): readonly Entity[] {
+        return this._entities;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取查询结果数量
+     */
+    public get count(): number {
+        return this._entities.length;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查实体是否匹配查询条件
+     *
+     * @param entity 要检查的实体
+     * @returns 是否匹配
+     */
+    public matches(entity: Entity): boolean {
+        const entityMask = entity.componentMask;
+
+        switch (this._condition.type) {
+            case QueryConditionType.ALL:
+                return BitMask64Utils.hasAll(entityMask, this._condition.mask);
+            case QueryConditionType.ANY:
+                return BitMask64Utils.hasAny(entityMask, this._condition.mask);
+            case QueryConditionType.NONE:
+                return BitMask64Utils.hasNone(entityMask, this._condition.mask);
+            default:
+                return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 通知实体添加
+     *
+     * 当Scene中添加实体时调用
+     *
+     * @param entity 添加的实体
+     */
+    public notifyEntityAdded(entity: Entity): void {
+        if (!this._active) return;
+
+        // 检查实体是否匹配查询条件
+        if (!this.matches(entity)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // 检查是否已存在
+        if (this._entityIdSet.has(entity.id)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // 添加到结果集
+        this._entities.push(entity);
+        this._entityIdSet.add(entity.id);
+
+        // 通知监听器
+        if (this._config.enableBatchMode) {
+            this.addToBatch('added', entity);
+        } else {
+            this.notifyListeners({
+                type: ReactiveQueryChangeType.ADDED,
+                entity
+            });
+        }
+
+        if (this._config.debug) {
+            logger.debug(`ReactiveQuery ${this._id}: 实体添加 ${entity.name}(${entity.id})`);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 通知实体移除
+     *
+     * 当Scene中移除实体时调用
+     *
+     * @param entity 移除的实体
+     */
+    public notifyEntityRemoved(entity: Entity): void {
+        if (!this._active) return;
+
+        // 检查是否在结果集中
+        if (!this._entityIdSet.has(entity.id)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // 从结果集移除
+        const index = this._entities.indexOf(entity);
+        if (index !== -1) {
+            this._entities.splice(index, 1);
+        }
+        this._entityIdSet.delete(entity.id);
+
+        // 通知监听器
+        if (this._config.enableBatchMode) {
+            this.addToBatch('removed', entity);
+        } else {
+            this.notifyListeners({
+                type: ReactiveQueryChangeType.REMOVED,
+                entity
+            });
+        }
+
+        if (this._config.debug) {
+            logger.debug(`ReactiveQuery ${this._id}: 实体移除 ${entity.name}(${entity.id})`);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 通知实体组件变化
+     *
+     * 当实体的组件发生变化时调用
+     *
+     * @param entity 变化的实体
+     */
+    public notifyEntityChanged(entity: Entity): void {
+        if (!this._active) return;
+
+        const wasMatching = this._entityIdSet.has(entity.id);
+        const isMatching = this.matches(entity);
+
+        if (wasMatching && !isMatching) {
+            // 实体不再匹配,从结果集移除
+            this.notifyEntityRemoved(entity);
+        } else if (!wasMatching && isMatching) {
+            // 实体现在匹配,添加到结果集
+            this.notifyEntityAdded(entity);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 批量初始化查询结果
+     *
+     * @param entities 初始实体列表
+     */
+    public initializeWith(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+        // 清空现有结果
+        this._entities.length = 0;
+        this._entityIdSet.clear();
+
+        // 筛选匹配的实体
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            if (this.matches(entity)) {
+                this._entities.push(entity);
+                this._entityIdSet.add(entity.id);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (this._config.debug) {
+            logger.debug(`ReactiveQuery ${this._id}: 初始化 ${this._entities.length} 个实体`);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 添加到批量变化缓存
+     */
+    private addToBatch(type: 'added' | 'removed', entity: Entity): void {
+        if (type === 'added') {
+            this._batchChanges.added.push(entity);
+        } else {
+            this._batchChanges.removed.push(entity);
+        }
+
+        // 启动批量通知定时器
+        if (this._batchChanges.timer === null) {
+            this._batchChanges.timer = setTimeout(() => {
+                this.flushBatchChanges();
+            }, this._config.batchDelay);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 刷新批量变化
+     */
+    private flushBatchChanges(): void {
+        if (this._batchChanges.added.length === 0 && this._batchChanges.removed.length === 0) {
+            this._batchChanges.timer = null;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const added = [...this._batchChanges.added];
+        const removed = [...this._batchChanges.removed];
+
+        // 清空缓存
+        this._batchChanges.added.length = 0;
+        this._batchChanges.removed.length = 0;
+        this._batchChanges.timer = null;
+
+        // 通知监听器
+        this.notifyListeners({
+            type: ReactiveQueryChangeType.BATCH_UPDATE,
+            added,
+            removed,
+            entities: this._entities
+        });
+
+        if (this._config.debug) {
+            logger.debug(`ReactiveQuery ${this._id}: 批量更新 +${added.length} -${removed.length}`);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 通知所有监听器
+     */
+    private notifyListeners(change: ReactiveQueryChange): void {
+        const listeners = [...this._listeners];
+
+        for (const listener of listeners) {
+            try {
+                listener(change);
+            } catch (error) {
+                logger.error(`ReactiveQuery ${this._id}: 监听器执行出错`, error);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 暂停响应式查询
+     *
+     * 暂停后不再响应实体变化,但可以继续获取当前结果
+     */
+    public pause(): void {
+        this._active = false;
+
+        // 清空批量变化缓存
+        if (this._batchChanges.timer !== null) {
+            clearTimeout(this._batchChanges.timer);
+            this._batchChanges.timer = null;
+        }
+        this._batchChanges.added.length = 0;
+        this._batchChanges.removed.length = 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 恢复响应式查询
+     */
+    public resume(): void {
+        this._active = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 销毁响应式查询
+     *
+     * 释放所有资源,清空监听器和结果集
+     */
+    public dispose(): void {
+        if (this._batchChanges.timer !== null) {
+            clearTimeout(this._batchChanges.timer);
+            this._batchChanges.timer = null;
+        }
+
+        this._batchChanges.added.length = 0;
+        this._batchChanges.removed.length = 0;
+
+        this._active = false;
+        this.unsubscribeAll();
+        this._entities.length = 0;
+        this._entityIdSet.clear();
+
+        if (this._config.debug) {
+            logger.debug(`ReactiveQuery ${this._id}: 已销毁`);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取查询条件
+     */
+    public get condition(): QueryCondition {
+        return this._condition;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取查询ID
+     */
+    public get id(): string {
+        return this._id;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否激活
+     */
+    public get active(): boolean {
+        return this._active;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取监听器数量
+     */
+    public get listenerCount(): number {
+        return this._listeners.length;
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Core/ReferenceTracker.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
+import { Component } from '../Component';
+import type { Entity } from '../Entity';
+import type { IScene } from '../IScene';
+import { createLogger } from '../../Utils/Logger';
+
+const logger = createLogger('ReferenceTracker');
+
+/**
+ * WeakRef 接口定义
+ *
+ * 用于 ES2020 环境下的类型定义
+ */
+interface IWeakRef<T extends object> {
+    deref(): T | undefined;
+}
+
+/**
+ * WeakRef Polyfill for ES2020 compatibility
+ *
+ * 为了兼容 Cocos Creator、Laya、微信小游戏等目标平台（仅支持 ES2020），
+ * 提供 WeakRef 的 Polyfill 实现。
+ *
+ * - 现代浏览器：自动使用原生 WeakRef (自动 GC)
+ * - 旧环境：使用 Polyfill (无自动 GC，但 Scene 销毁时会手动清理)
+ */
+class WeakRefPolyfill<T extends object> implements IWeakRef<T> {
+    private _target: T;
+
+    constructor(target: T) {
+        this._target = target;
+    }
+
+    deref(): T | undefined {
+        return this._target;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * WeakRef 构造函数类型
+ */
+interface IWeakRefConstructor {
+    new <T extends object>(target: T): IWeakRef<T>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * WeakRef 实现
+ *
+ * 优先使用原生 WeakRef，不支持时降级到 Polyfill
+ */
+const WeakRefImpl: IWeakRefConstructor = (
+    (typeof globalThis !== 'undefined' && (globalThis as any).WeakRef) ||
+    (typeof global !== 'undefined' && (global as any).WeakRef) ||
+    (typeof window !== 'undefined' && (window as any).WeakRef) ||
+    WeakRefPolyfill
+) as IWeakRefConstructor;
+
+/**
+ * Entity引用记录
+ */
+export interface EntityRefRecord {
+    component: IWeakRef<Component>;
+    propertyKey: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 全局EntityID到Scene的映射
+ *
+ * 使用全局Map记录每个Entity ID对应的Scene，用于装饰器通过Component.entityId查找Scene。
+ */
+const globalEntitySceneMap = new Map<number, IWeakRef<IScene>>();
+
+/**
+ * 通过Entity ID获取Scene
+ *
+ * @param entityId Entity ID
+ * @returns Scene实例，如果不存在则返回null
+ */
+export function getSceneByEntityId(entityId: number): IScene | null {
+    const sceneRef = globalEntitySceneMap.get(entityId);
+    return sceneRef?.deref() || null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Entity引用追踪器
+ *
+ * 追踪Component中对Entity的引用，当Entity被销毁时自动清理所有引用。
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const tracker = new ReferenceTracker();
+ * tracker.registerReference(targetEntity, component, 'parent');
+ * targetEntity.destroy(); // 自动将 component.parent 设为 null
+ * ```
+ */
+export class ReferenceTracker {
+    /**
+     * Entity ID -> 引用该Entity的所有组件记录
+     */
+    private _references: Map<number, Set<EntityRefRecord>> = new Map();
+
+    /**
+     * 当前Scene的引用
+     */
+    private _scene: IWeakRef<IScene> | null = null;
+
+    /**
+     * 注册Entity引用
+     *
+     * @param entity 被引用的Entity
+     * @param component 持有引用的Component
+     * @param propertyKey Component中存储引用的属性名
+     */
+    public registerReference(entity: Entity, component: Component, propertyKey: string): void {
+        const entityId = entity.id;
+
+        let records = this._references.get(entityId);
+        if (!records) {
+            records = new Set();
+            this._references.set(entityId, records);
+        }
+
+        const existingRecord = this._findRecord(records, component, propertyKey);
+        if (existingRecord) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        records.add({
+            component: new WeakRefImpl(component),
+            propertyKey
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 注销Entity引用
+     *
+     * @param entity 被引用的Entity
+     * @param component 持有引用的Component
+     * @param propertyKey Component中存储引用的属性名
+     */
+    public unregisterReference(entity: Entity, component: Component, propertyKey: string): void {
+        const entityId = entity.id;
+        const records = this._references.get(entityId);
+
+        if (!records) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const record = this._findRecord(records, component, propertyKey);
+        if (record) {
+            records.delete(record);
+
+            if (records.size === 0) {
+                this._references.delete(entityId);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清理所有指向指定Entity的引用
+     *
+     * 将所有引用该Entity的Component属性设为null。
+     *
+     * @param entityId 被销毁的Entity ID
+     */
+    public clearReferencesTo(entityId: number): void {
+        const records = this._references.get(entityId);
+
+        if (!records) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const validRecords: EntityRefRecord[] = [];
+
+        for (const record of records) {
+            const component = record.component.deref();
+
+            if (component) {
+                validRecords.push(record);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (const record of validRecords) {
+            const component = record.component.deref();
+            if (component) {
+                (component as any)[record.propertyKey] = null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        this._references.delete(entityId);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清理Component的所有引用注册
+     *
+     * 当Component被移除时调用，清理该Component注册的所有引用。
+     *
+     * @param component 被移除的Component
+     */
+    public clearComponentReferences(component: Component): void {
+        for (const [entityId, records] of this._references.entries()) {
+            const toDelete: EntityRefRecord[] = [];
+
+            for (const record of records) {
+                const comp = record.component.deref();
+                if (!comp || comp === component) {
+                    toDelete.push(record);
+                }
+            }
+
+            for (const record of toDelete) {
+                records.delete(record);
+            }
+
+            if (records.size === 0) {
+                this._references.delete(entityId);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取指向指定Entity的所有引用记录
+     *
+     * @param entityId Entity ID
+     * @returns 引用记录数组（仅包含有效引用）
+     */
+    public getReferencesTo(entityId: number): EntityRefRecord[] {
+        const records = this._references.get(entityId);
+        if (!records) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        const validRecords: EntityRefRecord[] = [];
+
+        for (const record of records) {
+            const component = record.component.deref();
+            if (component) {
+                validRecords.push(record);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return validRecords;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清理所有失效的WeakRef引用
+     *
+     * 遍历所有记录，移除已被GC回收的Component引用。
+     */
+    public cleanup(): void {
+        const entitiesToDelete: number[] = [];
+
+        for (const [entityId, records] of this._references.entries()) {
+            const toDelete: EntityRefRecord[] = [];
+
+            for (const record of records) {
+                if (!record.component.deref()) {
+                    toDelete.push(record);
+                }
+            }
+
+            for (const record of toDelete) {
+                records.delete(record);
+            }
+
+            if (records.size === 0) {
+                entitiesToDelete.push(entityId);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (const entityId of entitiesToDelete) {
+            this._references.delete(entityId);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置Scene引用
+     *
+     * @param scene Scene实例
+     */
+    public setScene(scene: IScene): void {
+        this._scene = new WeakRefImpl(scene);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 注册Entity到Scene的映射
+     *
+     * @param entityId Entity ID
+     * @param scene Scene实例
+     */
+    public registerEntityScene(entityId: number, scene: IScene): void {
+        globalEntitySceneMap.set(entityId, new WeakRefImpl(scene));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 注销Entity到Scene的映射
+     *
+     * @param entityId Entity ID
+     */
+    public unregisterEntityScene(entityId: number): void {
+        globalEntitySceneMap.delete(entityId);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取调试信息
+     */
+    public getDebugInfo(): object {
+        const info: Record<string, any> = {};
+
+        for (const [entityId, records] of this._references.entries()) {
+            const validRecords = [];
+            for (const record of records) {
+                const component = record.component.deref();
+                if (component) {
+                    validRecords.push({
+                        componentId: component.id,
+                        propertyKey: record.propertyKey
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (validRecords.length > 0) {
+                info[`entity_${entityId}`] = validRecords;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return info;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 查找指定的引用记录
+     */
+    private _findRecord(
+        records: Set<EntityRefRecord>,
+        component: Component,
+        propertyKey: string
+    ): EntityRefRecord | undefined {
+        for (const record of records) {
+            const comp = record.component.deref();
+            if (comp === component && record.propertyKey === propertyKey) {
+                return record;
+            }
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Decorators/EntityRefDecorator.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+import type { Entity } from '../Entity';
+import type { Component } from '../Component';
+import { getSceneByEntityId } from '../Core/ReferenceTracker';
+import { createLogger } from '../../Utils/Logger';
+
+const logger = createLogger('EntityRefDecorator');
+
+/**
+ * EntityRef元数据的Symbol键
+ */
+export const ENTITY_REF_METADATA = Symbol('EntityRefMetadata');
+
+/**
+ * EntityRef值存储的Symbol键
+ */
+const ENTITY_REF_VALUES = Symbol('EntityRefValues');
+
+/**
+ * EntityRef元数据
+ */
+export interface EntityRefMetadata {
+    properties: Set<string>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取或创建组件的EntityRef值存储Map
+ */
+function getValueMap(component: Component): Map<string, Entity | null> {
+    let map = (component as any)[ENTITY_REF_VALUES];
+    if (!map) {
+        map = new Map<string, Entity | null>();
+        (component as any)[ENTITY_REF_VALUES] = map;
+    }
+    return map;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Entity引用装饰器
+ *
+ * 标记Component属性为Entity引用，自动追踪引用关系。
+ * 当被引用的Entity销毁时，该属性会自动设为null。
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * class ParentComponent extends Component {
+ *     @EntityRef() parent: Entity | null = null;
+ * }
+ *
+ * const parent = scene.createEntity('Parent');
+ * const child = scene.createEntity('Child');
+ * const comp = child.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+ *
+ * comp.parent = parent;
+ * parent.destroy(); // comp.parent 自动变为 null
+ * ```
+ */
+export function EntityRef(): PropertyDecorator {
+    return function (target: any, propertyKey: string | symbol) {
+        const constructor = target.constructor;
+
+        let metadata: EntityRefMetadata = constructor[ENTITY_REF_METADATA];
+        if (!metadata) {
+            metadata = {
+                properties: new Set()
+            };
+            constructor[ENTITY_REF_METADATA] = metadata;
+        }
+
+        const propKeyString = typeof propertyKey === 'symbol' ? propertyKey.toString() : propertyKey;
+        metadata.properties.add(propKeyString);
+
+        Object.defineProperty(target, propertyKey, {
+            get: function (this: Component) {
+                const valueMap = getValueMap(this);
+                return valueMap.get(propKeyString) || null;
+            },
+            set: function (this: Component, newValue: Entity | null) {
+                const valueMap = getValueMap(this);
+                const oldValue = valueMap.get(propKeyString) || null;
+
+                if (oldValue === newValue) {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                const scene = this.entityId !== null ? getSceneByEntityId(this.entityId) : null;
+
+                if (!scene || !scene.referenceTracker) {
+                    valueMap.set(propKeyString, newValue);
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                const tracker = scene.referenceTracker;
+
+                if (oldValue) {
+                    tracker.unregisterReference(oldValue, this, propKeyString);
+                }
+
+                if (newValue) {
+                    if (newValue.scene !== scene) {
+                        logger.error(`Cannot reference Entity from different Scene. Entity: ${newValue.name}, Scene: ${newValue.scene?.name || 'null'}`);
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    if (newValue.isDestroyed) {
+                        logger.warn(`Cannot reference destroyed Entity: ${newValue.name}`);
+                        valueMap.set(propKeyString, null);
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    tracker.registerReference(newValue, this, propKeyString);
+                }
+
+                valueMap.set(propKeyString, newValue);
+            },
+            enumerable: true,
+            configurable: true
+        });
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取Component的EntityRef元数据
+ *
+ * @param component Component实例或Component类
+ * @returns EntityRef元数据，如果不存在则返回null
+ */
+export function getEntityRefMetadata(component: any): EntityRefMetadata | null {
+    if (!component) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    const constructor = typeof component === 'function'
+        ? component
+        : component.constructor;
+
+    return constructor[ENTITY_REF_METADATA] || null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 检查Component是否有EntityRef属性
+ *
+ * @param component Component实例或Component类
+ * @returns 如果有EntityRef属性返回true
+ */
+export function hasEntityRef(component: any): boolean {
+    return getEntityRefMetadata(component) !== null;
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Decorators/TypeDecorators.ts

@@ -39,34 +39,72 @@ export function ECSComponent(typeName: string) {
     };
 }
 
+/**
+ * System元数据配置
+ */
+export interface SystemMetadata {
+    /**
+     * 更新顺序（数值越小越先执行，默认0）
+     */
+    updateOrder?: number;
+
+    /**
+     * 是否默认启用（默认true）
+     */
+    enabled?: boolean;
+}
+
 /**
  * 系统类型装饰器
  * 用于为系统类指定固定的类型名称，避免在代码混淆后失效
- * 
+ *
  * @param typeName 系统类型名称
+ * @param metadata 系统元数据配置
  * @example
  * ```typescript
+ * // 基本使用
  * @ECSSystem('Movement')
  * class MovementSystem extends EntitySystem {
  *     protected process(entities: Entity[]): void {
  *         // 系统逻辑
  *     }
  * }
+ *
+ * // 配置更新顺序
+ * @Injectable()
+ * @ECSSystem('Physics', { updateOrder: 10 })
+ * class PhysicsSystem extends EntitySystem {
+ *     constructor(@Inject(CollisionSystem) private collision: CollisionSystem) {
+ *         super(Matcher.empty().all(Transform, RigidBody));
+ *     }
+ * }
  * ```
  */
-export function ECSSystem(typeName: string) {
+export function ECSSystem(typeName: string, metadata?: SystemMetadata) {
     return function <T extends new (...args: any[]) => EntitySystem>(target: T): T {
         if (!typeName || typeof typeName !== 'string') {
             throw new Error('ECSSystem装饰器必须提供有效的类型名称');
         }
-        
+
         // 在构造函数上存储类型名称
         (target as any)[SYSTEM_TYPE_NAME] = typeName;
-        
+
+        // 存储元数据
+        if (metadata) {
+            (target as any).__systemMetadata__ = metadata;
+        }
+
         return target;
     };
 }
 
+/**
+ * 获取System的元数据
+ */
+export function getSystemMetadata(systemType: new (...args: any[]) => EntitySystem): SystemMetadata | undefined {
+    return (systemType as any).__systemMetadata__;
+}
+
 /**
  * 获取组件类型的名称，优先使用装饰器指定的名称
  * 

packages/core/src/ECS/Decorators/index.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,18 @@ export {
     getSystemTypeName,
     getComponentInstanceTypeName,
     getSystemInstanceTypeName,
+    getSystemMetadata,
     COMPONENT_TYPE_NAME,
     SYSTEM_TYPE_NAME
-} from './TypeDecorators';
+} from './TypeDecorators';
+
+export type { SystemMetadata } from './TypeDecorators';
+
+export {
+    EntityRef,
+    getEntityRefMetadata,
+    hasEntityRef,
+    ENTITY_REF_METADATA
+} from './EntityRefDecorator';
+
+export type { EntityRefMetadata } from './EntityRefDecorator';

packages/core/src/ECS/Entity.ts

@@ -145,12 +145,6 @@ export class Entity {
      */
     private _componentCache: Component[] | null = null;
 
-    /**
-     * 本地组件存储（用于没有 Scene 的 Entity）
-     * 当 Entity 添加到 Scene 时，组件会迁移到 Scene 的 componentStorageManager
-     */
-    private _localComponents: Map<ComponentType, Component> = new Map();
-
     /**
      * 构造函数
      *
@@ -186,28 +180,23 @@ export class Entity {
      */
     private _rebuildComponentCache(): void {
         const components: Component[] = [];
-        const mask = this._componentMask;
 
+        if (!this.scene?.componentStorageManager) {
+            this._componentCache = components;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const mask = this._componentMask;
         const maxBitIndex = ComponentRegistry.getRegisteredCount();
 
         for (let bitIndex = 0; bitIndex < maxBitIndex; bitIndex++) {
-            if (BitMask64Utils.getBitExtended(mask, bitIndex)) {
+            if (BitMask64Utils.getBit(mask, bitIndex)) {
                 const componentType = ComponentRegistry.getTypeByBitIndex(bitIndex);
                 if (componentType) {
-                    let component: Component | null = null;
-
-                    // 优先从 Scene 存储获取
-                    if (this.scene?.componentStorageManager) {
-                        component = this.scene.componentStorageManager.getComponent(
-                            this.id,
-                            componentType
-                        );
-                    }
-
-                    // Fallback 到本地存储
-                    if (!component) {
-                        component = this._localComponents.get(componentType) || null;
-                    }
+                    const component = this.scene.componentStorageManager.getComponent(
+                        this.id,
+                        componentType
+                    );
 
                     if (component) {
                         components.push(component);
@@ -346,13 +335,19 @@ export class Entity {
 
     /**
      * 创建并添加组件
-     * 
-     * @param componentType - 组件类型
+     *
+     * @param componentType - 组件类型构造函数
      * @param args - 组件构造函数参数
      * @returns 创建的组件实例
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const position = entity.createComponent(Position, 100, 200);
+     * const health = entity.createComponent(Health, 100);
+     * ```
      */
     public createComponent<T extends Component>(
-        componentType: ComponentType<T>, 
+        componentType: ComponentType<T>,
         ...args: any[]
     ): T {
         const component = new componentType(...args);
@@ -372,9 +367,6 @@ export class Entity {
             ComponentRegistry.register(componentType);
         }
 
-        // 存储到本地 Map
-        this._localComponents.set(componentType, component);
-
         // 更新位掩码
         const componentMask = ComponentRegistry.getBitMask(componentType);
         BitMask64Utils.orInPlace(this._componentMask, componentMask);
@@ -387,26 +379,42 @@ export class Entity {
 
     /**
      * 添加组件到实体
-     * 
+     *
      * @param component - 要添加的组件实例
      * @returns 添加的组件实例
-     * @throws {Error} 如果组件类型已存在
+     * @throws {Error} 如果实体已存在该类型的组件
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const position = new Position(100, 200);
+     * entity.addComponent(position);
+     * ```
      */
     public addComponent<T extends Component>(component: T): T {
         const componentType = component.constructor as ComponentType<T>;
-        
+
+        if (!this.scene) {
+            throw new Error(`Entity must be added to Scene before adding components. Use scene.createEntity() instead of new Entity()`);
+        }
+
+        if (!this.scene.componentStorageManager) {
+            throw new Error(`Scene does not have componentStorageManager`);
+        }
+
         if (this.hasComponent(componentType)) {
             throw new Error(`Entity ${this.name} already has component ${getComponentTypeName(componentType)}`);
         }
 
         this.addComponentInternal(component);
-        
-        if (this.scene && this.scene.componentStorageManager) {
-            this.scene.componentStorageManager.addComponent(this.id, component);
-        }
 
+        this.scene.componentStorageManager.addComponent(this.id, component);
+
+        component.entityId = this.id;
+        if (this.scene.referenceTracker) {
+            this.scene.referenceTracker.registerEntityScene(this.id, this.scene);
+        }
         component.onAddedToEntity();
-        
+
         if (Entity.eventBus) {
             Entity.eventBus.emitComponentAdded({
                 timestamp: Date.now(),
@@ -418,7 +426,7 @@ export class Entity {
                 component: component
             });
         }
-        
+
 
         // 通知所有相关的QuerySystem组件已变动
         Entity.notifyQuerySystems(this);
@@ -429,8 +437,17 @@ export class Entity {
     /**
      * 获取指定类型的组件
      *
-     * @param type - 组件类型
-     * @returns 组件实例或null
+     * @param type - 组件类型构造函数
+     * @returns 组件实例，如果不存在则返回null
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const position = entity.getComponent(Position);
+     * if (position) {
+     *     position.x += 10;
+     *     position.y += 20;
+     * }
+     * ```
      */
     public getComponent<T extends Component>(type: ComponentType<T>): T | null {
         // 快速检查：位掩码
@@ -438,26 +455,31 @@ export class Entity {
             return null;
         }
 
-        // 优先从 Scene 存储获取
-        if (this.scene?.componentStorageManager) {
-            const component = this.scene.componentStorageManager.getComponent(this.id, type);
-            if (component) {
-                return component;
-            }
+        // 从Scene存储获取
+        if (!this.scene?.componentStorageManager) {
+            return null;
         }
 
-        // Fallback 到本地存储
-        return (this._localComponents.get(type) as T) || null;
+        const component = this.scene.componentStorageManager.getComponent(this.id, type);
+        return component as T | null;
     }
 
 
 
 
     /**
-     * 检查实体是否有指定类型的组件
-     * 
-     * @param type - 组件类型
-     * @returns 如果有该组件则返回true
+     * 检查实体是否拥有指定类型的组件
+     *
+     * @param type - 组件类型构造函数
+     * @returns 如果实体拥有该组件返回true，否则返回false
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * if (entity.hasComponent(Position)) {
+     *     const position = entity.getComponent(Position)!;
+     *     position.x += 10;
+     * }
+     * ```
      */
     public hasComponent<T extends Component>(type: ComponentType<T>): boolean {
         if (!ComponentRegistry.isRegistered(type)) {
@@ -470,13 +492,22 @@ export class Entity {
 
     /**
      * 获取或创建指定类型的组件
-     * 
-     * @param type - 组件类型
-     * @param args - 组件构造函数参数（仅在创建时使用）
+     *
+     * 如果组件已存在则返回现有组件，否则创建新组件并添加到实体
+     *
+     * @param type - 组件类型构造函数
+     * @param args - 组件构造函数参数（仅在创建新组件时使用）
      * @returns 组件实例
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 确保实体拥有Position组件
+     * const position = entity.getOrCreateComponent(Position, 0, 0);
+     * position.x = 100;
+     * ```
      */
     public getOrCreateComponent<T extends Component>(
-        type: ComponentType<T>, 
+        type: ComponentType<T>,
         ...args: any[]
     ): T {
         let component = this.getComponent(type);
@@ -500,24 +531,27 @@ export class Entity {
 
         const bitIndex = ComponentRegistry.getBitIndex(componentType);
 
-        // 从本地存储移除
-        this._localComponents.delete(componentType);
-
         // 更新位掩码
-        BitMask64Utils.clearBitExtended(this._componentMask, bitIndex);
+        BitMask64Utils.clearBit(this._componentMask, bitIndex);
 
         // 使缓存失效
         this._componentCache = null;
 
-        // 从 Scene 存储移除
-        if (this.scene && this.scene.componentStorageManager) {
+        // 从Scene存储移除
+        if (this.scene?.componentStorageManager) {
             this.scene.componentStorageManager.removeComponent(this.id, componentType);
         }
 
+        if (this.scene?.referenceTracker) {
+            this.scene.referenceTracker.clearComponentReferences(component);
+        }
+
         if (component.onRemovedFromEntity) {
             component.onRemovedFromEntity();
         }
 
+        component.entityId = null;
+
         if (Entity.eventBus) {
             Entity.eventBus.emitComponentRemoved({
                 timestamp: Date.now(),
@@ -555,9 +589,6 @@ export class Entity {
     public removeAllComponents(): void {
         const componentsToRemove = [...this.components];
 
-        // 清除本地存储
-        this._localComponents.clear();
-
         // 清除位掩码
         BitMask64Utils.clear(this._componentMask);
 
@@ -567,7 +598,7 @@ export class Entity {
         for (const component of componentsToRemove) {
             const componentType = component.constructor as ComponentType;
 
-            if (this.scene && this.scene.componentStorageManager) {
+            if (this.scene?.componentStorageManager) {
                 this.scene.componentStorageManager.removeComponent(this.id, componentType);
             }
 
@@ -836,8 +867,8 @@ export class Entity {
 
     /**
      * 销毁实体
-     * 
-     * 移除所有组件、子实体并标记为已销毁。
+     *
+     * 移除所有组件、子实体并标记为已销毁
      */
     public destroy(): void {
         if (this._isDestroyed) {
@@ -845,29 +876,71 @@ export class Entity {
         }
 
         this._isDestroyed = true;
-        
+
+        if (this.scene && this.scene.referenceTracker) {
+            this.scene.referenceTracker.clearReferencesTo(this.id);
+            this.scene.referenceTracker.unregisterEntityScene(this.id);
+        }
+
         const childrenToDestroy = [...this._children];
         for (const child of childrenToDestroy) {
             child.destroy();
         }
-        
+
         if (this._parent) {
             this._parent.removeChild(this);
         }
-        
+
         this.removeAllComponents();
-        
+
         if (this.scene) {
             if (this.scene.querySystem) {
                 this.scene.querySystem.removeEntity(this);
             }
-            
+
             if (this.scene.entities) {
                 this.scene.entities.remove(this);
             }
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 批量销毁所有子实体
+     */
+    public destroyAllChildren(): void {
+        if (this._children.length === 0) return;
+
+        const scene = this.scene;
+        const toDestroy: Entity[] = [];
+
+        const collectChildren = (entity: Entity) => {
+            for (const child of entity._children) {
+                toDestroy.push(child);
+                collectChildren(child);
+            }
+        };
+        collectChildren(this);
+
+        for (const entity of toDestroy) {
+            entity._isDestroyed = true;
+        }
+
+        for (const entity of toDestroy) {
+            entity.removeAllComponents();
+        }
+
+        if (scene) {
+            for (const entity of toDestroy) {
+                scene.entities.remove(entity);
+                scene.querySystem.removeEntity(entity);
+            }
+
+            scene.clearSystemEntityCaches();
+        }
+
+        this._children.length = 0;
+    }
+
     /**
      * 比较实体
      * 

packages/core/src/ECS/IScene.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 import { Entity } from './Entity';
 import { EntityList } from './Utils/EntityList';
-import { EntityProcessorList } from './Utils/EntityProcessorList';
 import { IdentifierPool } from './Utils/IdentifierPool';
 import { EntitySystem } from './Systems/EntitySystem';
 import { ComponentStorageManager } from './Core/ComponentStorage';
 import { QuerySystem } from './Core/QuerySystem';
 import { TypeSafeEventSystem } from './Core/EventSystem';
+import type { ReferenceTracker } from './Core/ReferenceTracker';
+import type { ServiceContainer } from '../Core/ServiceContainer';
 
 /**
  * 场景接口定义
- * 
+ *
  * 定义场景应该实现的核心功能和属性，使用接口而非继承提供更灵活的实现方式。
  */
 export interface IScene {
@@ -18,16 +19,30 @@ export interface IScene {
      */
     name: string;
 
+    /**
+     * 场景自定义数据
+     *
+     * 用于存储场景级别的配置和状态数据，例如：
+     * - 天气状态
+     * - 时间设置
+     * - 游戏难度
+     * - 音频配置
+     * - 关卡检查点
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * scene.sceneData.set('weather', 'rainy');
+     * scene.sceneData.set('timeOfDay', 14.5);
+     * scene.sceneData.set('checkpoint', { x: 100, y: 200 });
+     * ```
+     */
+    readonly sceneData: Map<string, any>;
+
     /**
      * 场景中的实体集合
      */
     readonly entities: EntityList;
-    
-    /**
-     * 实体系统处理器集合
-     */
-    readonly entityProcessors: EntityProcessorList;
-    
+
     /**
      * 标识符池
      */
@@ -48,6 +63,18 @@ export interface IScene {
      */
     readonly eventSystem: TypeSafeEventSystem;
 
+    /**
+     * 引用追踪器
+     */
+    readonly referenceTracker: ReferenceTracker;
+
+    /**
+     * 服务容器
+     *
+     * 场景级别的依赖注入容器，用于管理服务的生命周期。
+     */
+    readonly services: ServiceContainer;
+
     /**
      * 获取系统列表
      */

packages/core/src/ECS/Scene.ts

@@ -1,42 +1,52 @@
 import { Entity } from './Entity';
 import { EntityList } from './Utils/EntityList';
-import { EntityProcessorList } from './Utils/EntityProcessorList';
 import { IdentifierPool } from './Utils/IdentifierPool';
 import { EntitySystem } from './Systems/EntitySystem';
-import { ComponentStorageManager } from './Core/ComponentStorage';
+import { ComponentStorageManager, ComponentRegistry } from './Core/ComponentStorage';
 import { QuerySystem } from './Core/QuerySystem';
 import { TypeSafeEventSystem } from './Core/EventSystem';
 import { EventBus } from './Core/EventBus';
+import { ReferenceTracker } from './Core/ReferenceTracker';
 import { IScene, ISceneConfig } from './IScene';
-import { getComponentInstanceTypeName, getSystemInstanceTypeName } from './Decorators';
+import { getComponentInstanceTypeName, getSystemInstanceTypeName, getSystemMetadata } from "./Decorators";
+import { TypedQueryBuilder } from './Core/Query/TypedQuery';
+import { SceneSerializer, SceneSerializationOptions, SceneDeserializationOptions } from './Serialization/SceneSerializer';
+import { IncrementalSerializer, IncrementalSnapshot, IncrementalSerializationOptions } from './Serialization/IncrementalSerializer';
+import { ComponentPoolManager } from './Core/ComponentPool';
+import { PerformanceMonitor } from '../Utils/PerformanceMonitor';
+import { ServiceContainer, type ServiceType } from '../Core/ServiceContainer';
+import { createInstance, isInjectable, injectProperties } from '../Core/DI';
+import { isUpdatable, getUpdatableMetadata } from '../Core/DI/Decorators';
+import { createLogger } from '../Utils/Logger';
 
 /**
  * 游戏场景默认实现类
- * 
+ *
  * 实现IScene接口，提供场景的基础功能。
  * 推荐使用组合而非继承的方式来构建自定义场景。
  */
 export class Scene implements IScene {
     /**
      * 场景名称
-     * 
+     *
      * 用于标识和调试的友好名称。
      */
     public name: string = "";
 
+    /**
+     * 场景自定义数据
+     *
+     * 用于存储场景级别的配置和状态数据。
+     */
+    public readonly sceneData: Map<string, any> = new Map();
+
     /**
      * 场景中的实体集合
-     * 
+     *
      * 管理场景内所有实体的生命周期。
      */
     public readonly entities: EntityList;
     
-    /**
-     * 实体系统处理器集合
-     * 
-     * 管理场景内所有实体系统的执行。
-     */
-    public readonly entityProcessors: EntityProcessorList;
 
     /**
      * 实体ID池
@@ -61,36 +71,117 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
 
     /**
      * 事件系统
-     * 
+     *
      * 类型安全的事件系统。
      */
     public readonly eventSystem: TypeSafeEventSystem;
-    
+
+    /**
+     * 引用追踪器
+     *
+     * 追踪Component中对Entity的引用，当Entity销毁时自动清理引用。
+     */
+    public readonly referenceTracker: ReferenceTracker;
+
+    /**
+     * 服务容器
+     *
+     * 场景级别的依赖注入容器，用于管理EntitySystem和其他服务的生命周期。
+     * 每个Scene拥有独立的服务容器，实现场景间的隔离。
+     */
+    private readonly _services: ServiceContainer;
+
+    /**
+     * 日志记录器
+     */
+    private readonly logger: ReturnType<typeof createLogger>;
+
+    /**
+     * 性能监控器缓存
+     *
+     * 用于监控场景和系统的性能。从 ServiceContainer 获取。
+     */
+    private _performanceMonitor: PerformanceMonitor | null = null;
+
     /**
      * 场景是否已开始运行
      */
     private _didSceneBegin: boolean = false;
 
     /**
-     * 获取系统列表（兼容性属性）
+     * 获取场景中所有已注册的EntitySystem
+     *
+     * 按updateOrder排序。
+     *
+     * @returns 系统列表
      */
     public get systems(): EntitySystem[] {
-        return this.entityProcessors.processors;
+        // 从ServiceContainer获取所有EntitySystem实例
+        const services = this._services.getAll();
+        const systems: EntitySystem[] = [];
+
+        for (const service of services) {
+            if (service instanceof EntitySystem) {
+                systems.push(service);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 按updateOrder排序
+        systems.sort((a, b) => a.updateOrder - b.updateOrder);
+
+        return systems;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 通过类型获取System实例
+     *
+     * @param systemType System类型
+     * @returns System实例，如果未找到则返回null
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const physics = scene.getSystem(PhysicsSystem);
+     * if (physics) {
+     *     physics.doSomething();
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    public getSystem<T extends EntitySystem>(systemType: ServiceType<T>): T | null {
+        return this._services.tryResolve(systemType) as T | null;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * 获取场景的服务容器
+     *
+     * 用于注册和解析场景级别的服务（如EntitySystem）。
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 注册服务
+     * scene.services.registerSingleton(PhysicsSystem);
+     *
+     * // 解析服务
+     * const physics = scene.services.resolve(PhysicsSystem);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public get services(): ServiceContainer {
+        return this._services;
+    }
 
     /**
      * 创建场景实例
      */
     constructor(config?: ISceneConfig) {
         this.entities = new EntityList(this);
-        this.entityProcessors = new EntityProcessorList();
         this.identifierPool = new IdentifierPool();
         this.componentStorageManager = new ComponentStorageManager();
         this.querySystem = new QuerySystem();
         this.eventSystem = new TypeSafeEventSystem();
+        this.referenceTracker = new ReferenceTracker();
+        this._services = new ServiceContainer();
+        this.logger = createLogger('Scene');
 
-        // 应用配置
         if (config?.name) {
             this.name = config.name;
         }
@@ -98,7 +189,7 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
         if (!Entity.eventBus) {
             Entity.eventBus = new EventBus(false);
         }
-        
+
         if (Entity.eventBus) {
             Entity.eventBus.onComponentAdded((data: unknown) => {
                 this.eventSystem.emitSync('component:added', data);
@@ -106,6 +197,19 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 获取性能监控器
+     *
+     * 从 ServiceContainer 获取，如果未注册则创建默认实例（向后兼容）
+     */
+    private get performanceMonitor(): PerformanceMonitor {
+        if (!this._performanceMonitor) {
+            this._performanceMonitor = this._services.tryResolve(PerformanceMonitor)
+                ?? new PerformanceMonitor();
+        }
+        return this._performanceMonitor;
+    }
+
     /**
      * 初始化场景
      * 
@@ -136,10 +240,6 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
      * 这个方法会启动场景。它将启动实体处理器等，并调用onStart方法。
      */
     public begin() {
-        // 启动实体处理器
-        if (this.entityProcessors != null)
-            this.entityProcessors.begin();
-
         // 标记场景已开始运行并调用onStart方法
         this._didSceneBegin = true;
         this.onStart();
@@ -163,9 +263,8 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
         // 清空组件存储
         this.componentStorageManager.clear();
 
-        // 结束实体处理器
-        if (this.entityProcessors)
-            this.entityProcessors.end();
+        // 清空服务容器（会调用所有服务的dispose方法，包括所有EntitySystem）
+        this._services.clear();
 
         // 调用卸载方法
         this.unload();
@@ -175,16 +274,32 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
      * 更新场景
      */
     public update() {
-        // 更新实体列表（处理延迟操作）
+        ComponentPoolManager.getInstance().update();
+
         this.entities.updateLists();
 
-        // 更新实体处理器
-        if (this.entityProcessors != null)
-            this.entityProcessors.update();
+        // 更新所有EntitySystem
+        const systems = this.systems;
+        for (const system of systems) {
+            if (system.enabled) {
+                try {
+                    system.update();
+                } catch (error) {
+                    this.logger.error(`Error in system ${system.constructor.name}.update():`, error);
+                }
+            }
+        }
 
-        // 更新实体处理器后处理
-        if (this.entityProcessors != null)
-            this.entityProcessors.lateUpdate();
+        // LateUpdate
+        for (const system of systems) {
+            if (system.enabled) {
+                try {
+                    system.lateUpdate();
+                } catch (error) {
+                    this.logger.error(`Error in system ${system.constructor.name}.lateUpdate():`, error);
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -204,7 +319,7 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
      * 当实体或组件发生变化时调用
      */
     public clearSystemEntityCaches(): void {
-        for (const system of this.entityProcessors.processors) {
+        for (const system of this.systems) {
             system.clearEntityCache();
         }
     }
@@ -263,13 +378,35 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
     }
 
 
+    /**
+     * 批量销毁实体
+     */
+    public destroyEntities(entities: Entity[]): void {
+        if (entities.length === 0) return;
+
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            entity._isDestroyed = true;
+        }
+
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            entity.removeAllComponents();
+        }
+
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            this.entities.remove(entity);
+            this.querySystem.removeEntity(entity);
+        }
+
+        this.querySystem.clearCache();
+        this.clearSystemEntityCaches();
+    }
+
     /**
      * 从场景中删除所有实体
      */
     public destroyAllEntities() {
         this.entities.removeAllEntities();
-        
-        // 清理查询系统中的实体引用和缓存
+
         this.querySystem.setEntities([]);
     }
 
@@ -320,19 +457,201 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
     }
 
     /**
-     * 在场景中添加一个EntitySystem处理器
-     * @param processor 处理器
+     * 查询拥有所有指定组件的实体
+     *
+     * @param componentTypes - 组件类型数组
+     * @returns 查询结果
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const result = scene.queryAll(Position, Velocity);
+     * for (const entity of result.entities) {
+     *     const pos = entity.getComponent(Position);
+     *     const vel = entity.getComponent(Velocity);
+     * }
+     * ```
      */
-    public addEntityProcessor(processor: EntitySystem) {
-        if (this.entityProcessors.processors.includes(processor)) {
-            return processor;
+    public queryAll(...componentTypes: any[]): { entities: readonly Entity[] } {
+        return this.querySystem.queryAll(...componentTypes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 查询拥有任意一个指定组件的实体
+     *
+     * @param componentTypes - 组件类型数组
+     * @returns 查询结果
+     */
+    public queryAny(...componentTypes: any[]): { entities: readonly Entity[] } {
+        return this.querySystem.queryAny(...componentTypes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 查询不包含指定组件的实体
+     *
+     * @param componentTypes - 组件类型数组
+     * @returns 查询结果
+     */
+    public queryNone(...componentTypes: any[]): { entities: readonly Entity[] } {
+        return this.querySystem.queryNone(...componentTypes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建类型安全的查询构建器
+     *
+     * @returns 查询构建器，支持链式调用
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 使用查询构建器
+     * const matcher = scene.query()
+     *     .withAll(Position, Velocity)
+     *     .withNone(Disabled)
+     *     .buildMatcher();
+     *
+     * // 在System中使用
+     * class MovementSystem extends EntitySystem {
+     *     constructor() {
+     *         super(matcher);
+     *     }
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    public query(): TypedQueryBuilder {
+        return new TypedQueryBuilder();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 在场景中添加一个EntitySystem处理器
+     *
+     * 支持两种使用方式：
+     * 1. 传入类型（推荐）：自动使用DI创建实例，支持@Injectable和@Inject装饰器
+     * 2. 传入实例：直接使用提供的实例
+     *
+     * @param systemTypeOrInstance 系统类型或系统实例
+     * @returns 添加的处理器实例
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 方式1：传入类型，自动DI（推荐）
+     * @Injectable()
+     * class PhysicsSystem extends EntitySystem {
+     *     constructor(@Inject(CollisionSystem) private collision: CollisionSystem) {
+     *         super(Matcher.empty().all(Transform));
+     *     }
+     * }
+     * scene.addEntityProcessor(PhysicsSystem);
+     *
+     * // 方式2：传入实例
+     * const system = new MySystem();
+     * scene.addEntityProcessor(system);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public addEntityProcessor<T extends EntitySystem>(
+        systemTypeOrInstance: ServiceType<T> | T
+    ): T {
+        let system: T;
+        let constructor: any;
+
+        if (typeof systemTypeOrInstance === 'function') {
+            constructor = systemTypeOrInstance;
+
+            if (this._services.isRegistered(constructor)) {
+                const existingSystem = this._services.resolve(constructor) as T;
+                this.logger.debug(`System ${constructor.name} already registered, returning existing instance`);
+                return existingSystem;
+            }
+
+            if (isInjectable(constructor)) {
+                system = createInstance(constructor, this._services) as T;
+            } else {
+                system = new (constructor as any)() as T;
+            }
+        } else {
+            system = systemTypeOrInstance;
+            constructor = system.constructor;
+
+            if (this._services.isRegistered(constructor)) {
+                const existingSystem = this._services.resolve(constructor);
+                if (existingSystem === system) {
+                    this.logger.debug(`System ${constructor.name} instance already registered, returning it`);
+                    return system;
+                } else {
+                    this.logger.warn(
+                        `Attempting to register a different instance of ${constructor.name}, ` +
+                        `but type is already registered. Returning existing instance.`
+                    );
+                    return existingSystem as T;
+                }
+            }
         }
-        
-        processor.scene = this;
-        this.entityProcessors.add(processor);
-        processor.initialize();
-        processor.setUpdateOrder(this.entityProcessors.count - 1);
-        return processor;
+
+        system.scene = this;
+
+        system.setPerformanceMonitor(this.performanceMonitor);
+
+        const metadata = getSystemMetadata(constructor);
+        if (metadata?.updateOrder !== undefined) {
+            system.setUpdateOrder(metadata.updateOrder);
+        }
+        if (metadata?.enabled !== undefined) {
+            system.enabled = metadata.enabled;
+        }
+
+        this._services.registerInstance(constructor, system);
+
+        injectProperties(system, this._services);
+
+        system.initialize();
+
+        this.logger.debug(`System ${constructor.name} registered and initialized`);
+
+        return system;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 批量注册EntitySystem到场景（使用DI）
+     *
+     * 自动按照依赖顺序注册多个System。
+     * 所有System必须使用@Injectable装饰器标记。
+     *
+     * @param systemTypes System类型数组
+     * @returns 注册的System实例数组
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * @Injectable()
+     * @ECSSystem('Collision', { updateOrder: 5 })
+     * class CollisionSystem extends EntitySystem implements IService {
+     *     constructor() { super(Matcher.empty().all(Collider)); }
+     *     dispose() {}
+     * }
+     *
+     * @Injectable()
+     * @ECSSystem('Physics', { updateOrder: 10 })
+     * class PhysicsSystem extends EntitySystem implements IService {
+     *     constructor(@Inject(CollisionSystem) private collision: CollisionSystem) {
+     *         super(Matcher.empty().all(Transform, RigidBody));
+     *     }
+     *     dispose() {}
+     * }
+     *
+     * // 批量注册（自动解析依赖顺序）
+     * scene.registerSystems([
+     *     CollisionSystem,
+     *     PhysicsSystem,  // 自动注入CollisionSystem
+     *     RenderSystem
+     * ]);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public registerSystems(systemTypes: Array<ServiceType<EntitySystem>>): EntitySystem[] {
+        const registeredSystems: EntitySystem[] = [];
+
+        for (const systemType of systemTypes) {
+            const system = this.addEntityProcessor(systemType);
+            registeredSystems.push(system);
+        }
+
+        return registeredSystems;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -347,8 +666,13 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
      * 从场景中删除EntitySystem处理器
      * @param processor 要删除的处理器
      */
-    public removeEntityProcessor(processor: EntitySystem) {
-        this.entityProcessors.remove(processor);
+    public removeEntityProcessor(processor: EntitySystem): void {
+        const constructor = processor.constructor as any;
+
+        // 从ServiceContainer移除
+        this._services.unregister(constructor);
+
+        // 重置System状态
         processor.reset();
     }
 
@@ -362,10 +686,24 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
 
     /**
      * 获取指定类型的EntitySystem处理器
+     *
+     * @deprecated 推荐使用依赖注入代替此方法。使用 `scene.services.resolve(SystemType)` 或在System构造函数中使用 `@Inject(SystemType)` 装饰器。
+     *
      * @param type 处理器类型
+     * @returns 处理器实例，如果未找到则返回null
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * @Injectable()
+     * class MySystem extends EntitySystem {
+     *     constructor(@Inject(PhysicsSystem) private physics: PhysicsSystem) {
+     *         super();
+     *     }
+     * }
+     * ```
      */
     public getEntityProcessor<T extends EntitySystem>(type: new (...args: unknown[]) => T): T | null {
-        return this.entityProcessors.getProcessor(type);
+        return this._services.tryResolve(type as any) as T | null;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -378,7 +716,7 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
     } {
         return {
             entityCount: this.entities.count,
-            processorCount: this.entityProcessors.count,
+            processorCount: this.systems.length,
             componentStorageStats: this.componentStorageManager.getAllStats()
         };
     }
@@ -405,10 +743,11 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
         }>;
         componentStats: Map<string, any>;
     } {
+        const systems = this.systems;
         return {
             name: this.name || this.constructor.name,
             entityCount: this.entities.count,
-            processorCount: this.entityProcessors.count,
+            processorCount: systems.length,
             isRunning: this._didSceneBegin,
             entities: this.entities.buffer.map(entity => ({
                 name: entity.name,
@@ -416,7 +755,7 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
                 componentCount: entity.components.length,
                 componentTypes: entity.components.map(c => getComponentInstanceTypeName(c))
             })),
-            processors: this.entityProcessors.processors.map(processor => ({
+            processors: systems.map(processor => ({
                 name: getSystemInstanceTypeName(processor),
                 updateOrder: processor.updateOrder,
                 entityCount: (processor as any)._entities?.length || 0
@@ -424,4 +763,200 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
             componentStats: this.componentStorageManager.getAllStats()
         };
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 序列化场景
+     *
+     * 将场景及其所有实体、组件序列化为JSON字符串或二进制Uint8Array
+     *
+     * @param options 序列化选项
+     * @returns 序列化后的数据（JSON字符串或二进制Uint8Array）
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // JSON格式
+     * const jsonData = scene.serialize({
+     *     format: 'json',
+     *     pretty: true
+     * });
+     *
+     * // 二进制格式（更小、更快）
+     * const binaryData = scene.serialize({
+     *     format: 'binary'
+     * });
+     * ```
+     */
+    public serialize(options?: SceneSerializationOptions): string | Uint8Array {
+        return SceneSerializer.serialize(this, options);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 反序列化场景
+     *
+     * 从序列化数据恢复场景状态
+     *
+     * @param saveData 序列化的数据（JSON字符串或二进制Uint8Array）
+     * @param options 反序列化选项
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 从JSON恢复（自动从ComponentRegistry获取组件类型）
+     * scene.deserialize(jsonData, {
+     *     strategy: 'replace'
+     * });
+     *
+     * // 从二进制恢复
+     * scene.deserialize(binaryData, {
+     *     strategy: 'replace'
+     * });
+     * ```
+     */
+    public deserialize(saveData: string | Uint8Array, options?: SceneDeserializationOptions): void {
+        SceneSerializer.deserialize(this, saveData, options);
+    }
+
+    // ==================== 增量序列化 API ====================
+
+    /** 增量序列化的基础快照 */
+    private _incrementalBaseSnapshot?: any;
+
+    /**
+     * 创建增量序列化的基础快照
+     *
+     * 在需要进行增量序列化前，先调用此方法创建基础快照
+     *
+     * @param options 序列化选项
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 创建基础快照
+     * scene.createIncrementalSnapshot();
+     *
+     * // 进行一些修改...
+     * entity.addComponent(new PositionComponent(100, 200));
+     *
+     * // 计算增量变更
+     * const incremental = scene.serializeIncremental();
+     * ```
+     */
+    public createIncrementalSnapshot(options?: IncrementalSerializationOptions): void {
+        this._incrementalBaseSnapshot = IncrementalSerializer.createSnapshot(this, options);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 增量序列化场景
+     *
+     * 只序列化相对于基础快照的变更部分
+     *
+     * @param options 序列化选项
+     * @returns 增量快照对象
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 创建基础快照
+     * scene.createIncrementalSnapshot();
+     *
+     * // 修改场景
+     * const entity = scene.createEntity('NewEntity');
+     * entity.addComponent(new PositionComponent(50, 100));
+     *
+     * // 获取增量变更
+     * const incremental = scene.serializeIncremental();
+     * console.log(`变更数量: ${incremental.entityChanges.length}`);
+     *
+     * // 序列化为JSON
+     * const json = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(incremental);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public serializeIncremental(options?: IncrementalSerializationOptions): IncrementalSnapshot {
+        if (!this._incrementalBaseSnapshot) {
+            throw new Error('必须先调用 createIncrementalSnapshot() 创建基础快照');
+        }
+
+        return IncrementalSerializer.computeIncremental(
+            this,
+            this._incrementalBaseSnapshot,
+            options
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 应用增量变更到场景
+     *
+     * @param incremental 增量快照数据（IncrementalSnapshot对象、JSON字符串或二进制Uint8Array）
+     * @param componentRegistry 组件类型注册表（可选，默认使用全局注册表）
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 应用增量变更对象
+     * scene.applyIncremental(incrementalSnapshot);
+     *
+     * // 从JSON字符串应用
+     * const jsonData = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(snapshot, { format: 'json' });
+     * scene.applyIncremental(jsonData);
+     *
+     * // 从二进制Uint8Array应用
+     * const binaryData = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(snapshot, { format: 'binary' });
+     * scene.applyIncremental(binaryData);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public applyIncremental(
+        incremental: IncrementalSnapshot | string | Uint8Array,
+        componentRegistry?: Map<string, any>
+    ): void {
+        const isSerializedData = typeof incremental === 'string' ||
+            incremental instanceof Uint8Array;
+
+        const snapshot = isSerializedData
+            ? IncrementalSerializer.deserializeIncremental(incremental as string | Uint8Array)
+            : incremental as IncrementalSnapshot;
+
+        const registry = componentRegistry || ComponentRegistry.getAllComponentNames() as Map<string, any>;
+
+        IncrementalSerializer.applyIncremental(this, snapshot, registry);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 更新增量快照基准
+     *
+     * 将当前场景状态设为新的增量序列化基准
+     *
+     * @param options 序列化选项
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 创建初始快照
+     * scene.createIncrementalSnapshot();
+     *
+     * // 进行一些修改并序列化
+     * const incremental1 = scene.serializeIncremental();
+     *
+     * // 更新基准，之后的增量将基于当前状态
+     * scene.updateIncrementalSnapshot();
+     *
+     * // 继续修改
+     * const incremental2 = scene.serializeIncremental();
+     * ```
+     */
+    public updateIncrementalSnapshot(options?: IncrementalSerializationOptions): void {
+        this.createIncrementalSnapshot(options);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清除增量快照
+     *
+     * 释放快照占用的内存
+     */
+    public clearIncrementalSnapshot(): void {
+        this._incrementalBaseSnapshot = undefined;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否有增量快照
+     *
+     * @returns 如果已创建增量快照返回true
+     */
+    public hasIncrementalSnapshot(): boolean {
+        return this._incrementalBaseSnapshot !== undefined;
+    }
 }

packages/core/src/ECS/SceneManager.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+import { IScene } from './IScene';
+import { ECSFluentAPI, createECSAPI } from './Core/FluentAPI';
+import { Time } from '../Utils/Time';
+import { createLogger } from '../Utils/Logger';
+import type { IService } from '../Core/ServiceContainer';
+import { World } from './World';
+import { PerformanceMonitor } from '../Utils/PerformanceMonitor';
+
+/**
+ * 单场景管理器
+ *
+ * 适用场景：
+ * - 单人游戏
+ * - 简单场景切换
+ * - 不需要多World隔离的项目
+ *
+ * 特点：
+ * - 轻量级，零额外开销
+ * - 简单直观的API
+ * - 支持延迟场景切换
+ * - 自动管理ECS API
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * // 初始化Core
+ * Core.create({ debug: true });
+ *
+ * // 创建场景管理器
+ * const sceneManager = new SceneManager();
+ *
+ * // 设置场景
+ * class GameScene extends Scene {
+ *     initialize() {
+ *         const player = this.createEntity('Player');
+ *         player.addComponent(new Transform(100, 100));
+ *     }
+ * }
+ *
+ * sceneManager.setScene(new GameScene());
+ *
+ * // 游戏循环
+ * function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+ *     Core.update(deltaTime);      // 更新全局服务
+ *     sceneManager.update();       // 更新场景
+ * }
+ *
+ * // 延迟切换场景（下一帧生效）
+ * sceneManager.loadScene(new MenuScene());
+ * ```
+ */
+export class SceneManager implements IService {
+    /**
+     * 内部默认World
+     */
+    private _defaultWorld: World;
+
+    /**
+     * 待切换的下一个场景（延迟切换用）
+     */
+    private _nextScene: IScene | null = null;
+
+    /**
+     * ECS流式API
+     */
+    private _ecsAPI: ECSFluentAPI | null = null;
+
+    /**
+     * 日志器
+     */
+    private _logger = createLogger('SceneManager');
+
+    /**
+     * 场景切换回调函数
+     */
+    private _onSceneChangedCallback?: () => void;
+
+    /**
+     * 性能监控器（从 Core 注入）
+     */
+    private _performanceMonitor: PerformanceMonitor | null = null;
+
+    /**
+     * 默认场景ID
+     */
+    private static readonly DEFAULT_SCENE_ID = '__main__';
+
+    constructor(performanceMonitor?: PerformanceMonitor) {
+        this._defaultWorld = new World({ name: '__default__' });
+        this._defaultWorld.start();
+        this._performanceMonitor = performanceMonitor || null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置场景切换回调
+     *
+     * @param callback 场景切换时的回调函数
+     * @internal
+     */
+    public setSceneChangedCallback(callback: () => void): void {
+        this._onSceneChangedCallback = callback;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置当前场景（立即切换）
+     *
+     * 会自动处理旧场景的结束和新场景的初始化。
+     *
+     * @param scene - 要设置的场景实例
+     * @returns 返回设置的场景实例，便于链式调用
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const gameScene = sceneManager.setScene(new GameScene());
+     * console.log(gameScene.name); // 可以立即使用返回的场景
+     * ```
+     */
+    public setScene<T extends IScene>(scene: T): T {
+        // 移除旧场景
+        this._defaultWorld.removeAllScenes();
+
+        // 注册全局 PerformanceMonitor 到 Scene 的 ServiceContainer
+        if (this._performanceMonitor) {
+            scene.services.registerInstance(PerformanceMonitor, this._performanceMonitor);
+        }
+
+        // 通过 World 创建新场景
+        this._defaultWorld.createScene(SceneManager.DEFAULT_SCENE_ID, scene);
+        this._defaultWorld.setSceneActive(SceneManager.DEFAULT_SCENE_ID, true);
+
+        // 重建ECS API
+        if (scene.querySystem && scene.eventSystem) {
+            this._ecsAPI = createECSAPI(scene, scene.querySystem, scene.eventSystem);
+        } else {
+            this._ecsAPI = null;
+        }
+
+        // 触发场景切换回调
+        Time.sceneChanged();
+
+        // 通知调试管理器（通过回调）
+        if (this._onSceneChangedCallback) {
+            this._onSceneChangedCallback();
+        }
+
+        this._logger.info(`Scene changed to: ${scene.name}`);
+
+        return scene;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 延迟加载场景（下一帧切换）
+     *
+     * 场景不会立即切换，而是在下一次调用 update() 时切换。
+     * 这对于避免在当前帧的中途切换场景很有用。
+     *
+     * @param scene - 要加载的场景实例
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 在某个System中触发场景切换
+     * class GameOverSystem extends EntitySystem {
+     *     process(entities: readonly Entity[]) {
+     *         if (playerHealth <= 0) {
+     *             sceneManager.loadScene(new GameOverScene());
+     *             // 当前帧继续执行，场景将在下一帧切换
+     *         }
+     *     }
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    public loadScene<T extends IScene>(scene: T): void {
+        this._nextScene = scene;
+        this._logger.info(`Scheduled scene load: ${scene.name}`);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取当前活跃的场景
+     *
+     * @returns 当前场景实例，如果没有场景则返回null
+     */
+    public get currentScene(): IScene | null {
+        return this._defaultWorld.getScene(SceneManager.DEFAULT_SCENE_ID);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取ECS流式API
+     *
+     * 提供便捷的实体查询、事件发射等功能。
+     *
+     * @returns ECS API实例，如果当前没有场景则返回null
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * const api = sceneManager.api;
+     * if (api) {
+     *     // 查询所有敌人
+     *     const enemies = api.find(Enemy, Transform);
+     *
+     *     // 发射事件
+     *     api.emit('game:start', { level: 1 });
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    public get api(): ECSFluentAPI | null {
+        return this._ecsAPI;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 更新场景
+     *
+     * 应该在每帧的游戏循环中调用。
+     * 会自动处理延迟场景切换。
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+     *     Core.update(deltaTime);
+     *     sceneManager.update();  // 每帧调用
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    public update(): void {
+        // 处理延迟场景切换
+        if (this._nextScene) {
+            this.setScene(this._nextScene);
+            this._nextScene = null;
+        }
+
+        // 通过 World 统一更新
+        this._defaultWorld.updateGlobalSystems();
+        this._defaultWorld.updateScenes();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 销毁场景管理器
+     *
+     * 会自动结束当前场景并清理所有资源。
+     * 通常在应用程序关闭时调用。
+     */
+    public destroy(): void {
+        this._logger.info('SceneManager destroying');
+
+        this._defaultWorld.destroy();
+        this._nextScene = null;
+        this._ecsAPI = null;
+
+        this._logger.info('SceneManager destroyed');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否有活跃场景
+     *
+     * @returns 如果有活跃场景返回true，否则返回false
+     */
+    public get hasScene(): boolean {
+        return this._defaultWorld.getScene(SceneManager.DEFAULT_SCENE_ID) !== null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否有待切换的场景
+     *
+     * @returns 如果有待切换场景返回true，否则返回false
+     */
+    public get hasPendingScene(): boolean {
+        return this._nextScene !== null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 释放资源（IService接口）
+     */
+    public dispose(): void {
+        this.destroy();
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Serialization/ComponentSerializer.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+/**
+ * 组件序列化器
+ *
+ * 负责组件的序列化和反序列化操作
+ */
+
+import { Component } from '../Component';
+import { ComponentType } from '../Core/ComponentStorage';
+import { getComponentTypeName } from '../Decorators';
+import {
+    getSerializationMetadata,
+    isSerializable,
+    SerializationMetadata
+} from './SerializationDecorators';
+
+/**
+ * 序列化后的组件数据
+ */
+export interface SerializedComponent {
+    /**
+     * 组件类型名称
+     */
+    type: string;
+
+    /**
+     * 序列化版本
+     */
+    version: number;
+
+    /**
+     * 组件数据
+     */
+    data: Record<string, any>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 组件序列化器类
+ */
+export class ComponentSerializer {
+    /**
+     * 序列化单个组件
+     *
+     * @param component 要序列化的组件实例
+     * @returns 序列化后的组件数据，如果组件不可序列化则返回null
+     */
+    public static serialize(component: Component): SerializedComponent | null {
+        const metadata = getSerializationMetadata(component);
+
+        if (!metadata) {
+            // 组件没有使用@Serializable装饰器，不可序列化
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        const componentType = component.constructor as ComponentType;
+        const typeName = metadata.options.typeId || getComponentTypeName(componentType);
+        const data: Record<string, any> = {};
+
+        // 序列化标记的字段
+        for (const [fieldName, options] of metadata.fields) {
+            const fieldKey = typeof fieldName === 'symbol' ? fieldName.toString() : fieldName;
+            const value = (component as any)[fieldName];
+
+            // 跳过忽略的字段
+            if (metadata.ignoredFields.has(fieldName)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // 使用自定义序列化器或默认序列化
+            const serializedValue = options.serializer
+                ? options.serializer(value)
+                : this.serializeValue(value);
+
+            // 使用别名或原始字段名
+            const key = options.alias || fieldKey;
+            data[key] = serializedValue;
+        }
+
+        return {
+            type: typeName,
+            version: metadata.options.version,
+            data
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 反序列化组件
+     *
+     * @param serializedData 序列化的组件数据
+     * @param componentRegistry 组件类型注册表 (类型名 -> 构造函数)
+     * @returns 反序列化后的组件实例，如果失败则返回null
+     */
+    public static deserialize(
+        serializedData: SerializedComponent,
+        componentRegistry: Map<string, ComponentType>
+    ): Component | null {
+        const componentClass = componentRegistry.get(serializedData.type);
+
+        if (!componentClass) {
+            console.warn(`未找到组件类型: ${serializedData.type}`);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        const metadata = getSerializationMetadata(componentClass);
+
+        if (!metadata) {
+            console.warn(`组件 ${serializedData.type} 不可序列化`);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // 创建组件实例
+        const component = new componentClass();
+
+        // 反序列化字段
+        for (const [fieldName, options] of metadata.fields) {
+            const fieldKey = typeof fieldName === 'symbol' ? fieldName.toString() : fieldName;
+            const key = options.alias || fieldKey;
+            const serializedValue = serializedData.data[key];
+
+            if (serializedValue === undefined) {
+                continue; // 字段不存在于序列化数据中
+            }
+
+            // 使用自定义反序列化器或默认反序列化
+            const value = options.deserializer
+                ? options.deserializer(serializedValue)
+                : this.deserializeValue(serializedValue);
+
+            (component as any)[fieldName] = value;
+        }
+
+        return component;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 批量序列化组件
+     *
+     * @param components 组件数组
+     * @returns 序列化后的组件数据数组
+     */
+    public static serializeComponents(components: Component[]): SerializedComponent[] {
+        const result: SerializedComponent[] = [];
+
+        for (const component of components) {
+            const serialized = this.serialize(component);
+            if (serialized) {
+                result.push(serialized);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 批量反序列化组件
+     *
+     * @param serializedComponents 序列化的组件数据数组
+     * @param componentRegistry 组件类型注册表
+     * @returns 反序列化后的组件数组
+     */
+    public static deserializeComponents(
+        serializedComponents: SerializedComponent[],
+        componentRegistry: Map<string, ComponentType>
+    ): Component[] {
+        const result: Component[] = [];
+
+        for (const serialized of serializedComponents) {
+            const component = this.deserialize(serialized, componentRegistry);
+            if (component) {
+                result.push(component);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 默认值序列化
+     *
+     * 处理基本类型、数组、对象等的序列化
+     */
+    private static serializeValue(value: any): any {
+        if (value === null || value === undefined) {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        // 基本类型
+        const type = typeof value;
+        if (type === 'string' || type === 'number' || type === 'boolean') {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        // 日期
+        if (value instanceof Date) {
+            return {
+                __type: 'Date',
+                value: value.toISOString()
+            };
+        }
+
+        // 数组
+        if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+            return value.map(item => this.serializeValue(item));
+        }
+
+        // Map (如果没有使用@SerializeMap装饰器)
+        if (value instanceof Map) {
+            return {
+                __type: 'Map',
+                value: Array.from(value.entries())
+            };
+        }
+
+        // Set
+        if (value instanceof Set) {
+            return {
+                __type: 'Set',
+                value: Array.from(value)
+            };
+        }
+
+        // 普通对象
+        if (type === 'object') {
+            const result: Record<string, any> = {};
+            for (const key in value) {
+                if (value.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+                    result[key] = this.serializeValue(value[key]);
+                }
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        // 其他类型（函数等）不序列化
+        return undefined;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 默认值反序列化
+     */
+    private static deserializeValue(value: any): any {
+        if (value === null || value === undefined) {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        // 基本类型直接返回
+        const type = typeof value;
+        if (type === 'string' || type === 'number' || type === 'boolean') {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        // 处理特殊类型标记
+        if (type === 'object' && value.__type) {
+            switch (value.__type) {
+                case 'Date':
+                    return new Date(value.value);
+                case 'Map':
+                    return new Map(value.value);
+                case 'Set':
+                    return new Set(value.value);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 数组
+        if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+            return value.map(item => this.deserializeValue(item));
+        }
+
+        // 普通对象
+        if (type === 'object') {
+            const result: Record<string, any> = {};
+            for (const key in value) {
+                if (value.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+                    result[key] = this.deserializeValue(value[key]);
+                }
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 验证序列化数据的版本
+     *
+     * @param serializedData 序列化数据
+     * @param expectedVersion 期望的版本号
+     * @returns 版本是否匹配
+     */
+    public static validateVersion(
+        serializedData: SerializedComponent,
+        expectedVersion: number
+    ): boolean {
+        return serializedData.version === expectedVersion;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取组件的序列化信息
+     *
+     * @param component 组件实例或组件类
+     * @returns 序列化信息对象，包含类型名、版本、可序列化字段列表
+     */
+    public static getSerializationInfo(component: Component | ComponentType): {
+        type: string;
+        version: number;
+        fields: string[];
+        ignoredFields: string[];
+        isSerializable: boolean;
+    } | null {
+        const metadata = getSerializationMetadata(component);
+
+        if (!metadata) {
+            return {
+                type: 'unknown',
+                version: 0,
+                fields: [],
+                ignoredFields: [],
+                isSerializable: false
+            };
+        }
+
+        const componentType = typeof component === 'function'
+            ? component
+            : (component.constructor as ComponentType);
+
+        return {
+            type: metadata.options.typeId || getComponentTypeName(componentType),
+            version: metadata.options.version,
+            fields: Array.from(metadata.fields.keys()).map(k =>
+                typeof k === 'symbol' ? k.toString() : k
+            ),
+            ignoredFields: Array.from(metadata.ignoredFields).map(k =>
+                typeof k === 'symbol' ? k.toString() : k
+            ),
+            isSerializable: true
+        };
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Serialization/EntitySerializer.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+/**
+ * 实体序列化器
+ *
+ * 负责实体的序列化和反序列化操作
+ */
+
+import { Entity } from '../Entity';
+import { Component } from '../Component';
+import { ComponentType } from '../Core/ComponentStorage';
+import { ComponentSerializer, SerializedComponent } from './ComponentSerializer';
+import { IScene } from '../IScene';
+
+/**
+ * 序列化后的实体数据
+ */
+export interface SerializedEntity {
+    /**
+     * 实体ID
+     */
+    id: number;
+
+    /**
+     * 实体名称
+     */
+    name: string;
+
+    /**
+     * 实体标签
+     */
+    tag: number;
+
+    /**
+     * 激活状态
+     */
+    active: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 启用状态
+     */
+    enabled: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 更新顺序
+     */
+    updateOrder: number;
+
+    /**
+     * 组件列表
+     */
+    components: SerializedComponent[];
+
+    /**
+     * 子实体列表
+     */
+    children: SerializedEntity[];
+
+    /**
+     * 父实体ID（如果有）
+     */
+    parentId?: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 实体序列化器类
+ */
+export class EntitySerializer {
+    /**
+     * 序列化单个实体
+     *
+     * @param entity 要序列化的实体
+     * @param includeChildren 是否包含子实体（默认true）
+     * @returns 序列化后的实体数据
+     */
+    public static serialize(entity: Entity, includeChildren: boolean = true): SerializedEntity {
+        const serializedComponents = ComponentSerializer.serializeComponents(
+            Array.from(entity.components)
+        );
+
+        const serializedEntity: SerializedEntity = {
+            id: entity.id,
+            name: entity.name,
+            tag: entity.tag,
+            active: entity.active,
+            enabled: entity.enabled,
+            updateOrder: entity.updateOrder,
+            components: serializedComponents,
+            children: []
+        };
+
+        // 序列化父实体引用
+        if (entity.parent) {
+            serializedEntity.parentId = entity.parent.id;
+        }
+
+        // 序列化子实体
+        if (includeChildren) {
+            for (const child of entity.children) {
+                serializedEntity.children.push(this.serialize(child, true));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return serializedEntity;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 反序列化实体
+     *
+     * @param serializedEntity 序列化的实体数据
+     * @param componentRegistry 组件类型注册表
+     * @param idGenerator 实体ID生成器（用于生成新ID或保持原ID）
+     * @param preserveIds 是否保持原始ID（默认false）
+     * @param scene 目标场景（可选，用于设置entity.scene以支持添加组件）
+     * @returns 反序列化后的实体
+     */
+    public static deserialize(
+        serializedEntity: SerializedEntity,
+        componentRegistry: Map<string, ComponentType>,
+        idGenerator: () => number,
+        preserveIds: boolean = false,
+        scene?: IScene
+    ): Entity {
+        // 创建实体（使用原始ID或新生成的ID）
+        const entityId = preserveIds ? serializedEntity.id : idGenerator();
+        const entity = new Entity(serializedEntity.name, entityId);
+
+        // 如果提供了scene，先设置entity.scene以支持添加组件
+        if (scene) {
+            entity.scene = scene;
+        }
+
+        // 恢复实体属性
+        entity.tag = serializedEntity.tag;
+        entity.active = serializedEntity.active;
+        entity.enabled = serializedEntity.enabled;
+        entity.updateOrder = serializedEntity.updateOrder;
+
+        // 反序列化组件
+        const components = ComponentSerializer.deserializeComponents(
+            serializedEntity.components,
+            componentRegistry
+        );
+
+        for (const component of components) {
+            entity.addComponent(component);
+        }
+
+        // 反序列化子实体
+        for (const childData of serializedEntity.children) {
+            const childEntity = this.deserialize(
+                childData,
+                componentRegistry,
+                idGenerator,
+                preserveIds,
+                scene
+            );
+            entity.addChild(childEntity);
+        }
+
+        return entity;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 批量序列化实体
+     *
+     * @param entities 实体数组
+     * @param includeChildren 是否包含子实体
+     * @returns 序列化后的实体数据数组
+     */
+    public static serializeEntities(
+        entities: Entity[],
+        includeChildren: boolean = true
+    ): SerializedEntity[] {
+        const result: SerializedEntity[] = [];
+
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            // 只序列化顶层实体（没有父实体的实体）
+            // 子实体会在父实体序列化时一并处理
+            if (!entity.parent || !includeChildren) {
+                result.push(this.serialize(entity, includeChildren));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 批量反序列化实体
+     *
+     * @param serializedEntities 序列化的实体数据数组
+     * @param componentRegistry 组件类型注册表
+     * @param idGenerator 实体ID生成器
+     * @param preserveIds 是否保持原始ID
+     * @param scene 目标场景（可选，用于设置entity.scene以支持添加组件）
+     * @returns 反序列化后的实体数组
+     */
+    public static deserializeEntities(
+        serializedEntities: SerializedEntity[],
+        componentRegistry: Map<string, ComponentType>,
+        idGenerator: () => number,
+        preserveIds: boolean = false,
+        scene?: IScene
+    ): Entity[] {
+        const result: Entity[] = [];
+
+        for (const serialized of serializedEntities) {
+            const entity = this.deserialize(
+                serialized,
+                componentRegistry,
+                idGenerator,
+                preserveIds,
+                scene
+            );
+            result.push(entity);
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建实体的深拷贝
+     *
+     * @param entity 要拷贝的实体
+     * @param componentRegistry 组件类型注册表
+     * @param idGenerator ID生成器
+     * @returns 拷贝后的新实体
+     */
+    public static clone(
+        entity: Entity,
+        componentRegistry: Map<string, ComponentType>,
+        idGenerator: () => number
+    ): Entity {
+        const serialized = this.serialize(entity, true);
+        return this.deserialize(serialized, componentRegistry, idGenerator, false);
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Serialization/IncrementalSerializer.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,758 @@
+/**
+ * 增量序列化器
+ *
+ * 提供高性能的增量序列化支持，只序列化变更的数据
+ * 适用于网络同步、大场景存档、时间回溯等场景
+ */
+
+import type { IScene } from '../IScene';
+import { Entity } from '../Entity';
+import { Component } from '../Component';
+import { ComponentSerializer, SerializedComponent } from './ComponentSerializer';
+import { SerializedEntity } from './EntitySerializer';
+import { ComponentType } from '../Core/ComponentStorage';
+import { encode, decode } from '@msgpack/msgpack';
+
+/**
+ * 变更操作类型
+ */
+export enum ChangeOperation {
+    /** 添加新实体 */
+    EntityAdded = 'entity_added',
+    /** 删除实体 */
+    EntityRemoved = 'entity_removed',
+    /** 实体属性更新 */
+    EntityUpdated = 'entity_updated',
+    /** 添加组件 */
+    ComponentAdded = 'component_added',
+    /** 删除组件 */
+    ComponentRemoved = 'component_removed',
+    /** 组件数据更新 */
+    ComponentUpdated = 'component_updated',
+    /** 场景数据更新 */
+    SceneDataUpdated = 'scene_data_updated'
+}
+
+/**
+ * 实体变更记录
+ */
+export interface EntityChange {
+    /** 操作类型 */
+    operation: ChangeOperation;
+    /** 实体ID */
+    entityId: number;
+    /** 实体名称（用于Added操作） */
+    entityName?: string;
+    /** 实体数据（用于Added/Updated操作） */
+    entityData?: Partial<SerializedEntity>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 组件变更记录
+ */
+export interface ComponentChange {
+    /** 操作类型 */
+    operation: ChangeOperation;
+    /** 实体ID */
+    entityId: number;
+    /** 组件类型名称 */
+    componentType: string;
+    /** 组件数据（用于Added/Updated操作） */
+    componentData?: SerializedComponent;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 场景数据变更记录
+ */
+export interface SceneDataChange {
+    /** 操作类型 */
+    operation: ChangeOperation;
+    /** 变更的键 */
+    key: string;
+    /** 新值 */
+    value: any;
+    /** 是否删除 */
+    deleted?: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 增量序列化数据
+ */
+export interface IncrementalSnapshot {
+    /** 快照版本号 */
+    version: number;
+    /** 时间戳 */
+    timestamp: number;
+    /** 场景名称 */
+    sceneName: string;
+    /** 基础版本号（相对于哪个快照的增量） */
+    baseVersion: number;
+    /** 实体变更列表 */
+    entityChanges: EntityChange[];
+    /** 组件变更列表 */
+    componentChanges: ComponentChange[];
+    /** 场景数据变更列表 */
+    sceneDataChanges: SceneDataChange[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * 场景快照（用于对比）
+ */
+interface SceneSnapshot {
+    /** 快照版本号 */
+    version: number;
+    /** 实体ID集合 */
+    entityIds: Set<number>;
+    /** 实体数据映射 */
+    entities: Map<number, {
+        name: string;
+        tag: number;
+        active: boolean;
+        enabled: boolean;
+        updateOrder: number;
+        parentId?: number;
+    }>;
+    /** 组件数据映射 (entityId -> componentType -> serializedData) */
+    components: Map<number, Map<string, string>>;  // 使用JSON字符串存储组件数据
+    /** 场景自定义数据 */
+    sceneData: Map<string, string>;  // 使用JSON字符串存储场景数据
+}
+
+/**
+ * 增量序列化格式
+ */
+export type IncrementalSerializationFormat = 'json' | 'binary';
+
+/**
+ * 增量序列化选项
+ */
+export interface IncrementalSerializationOptions {
+    /**
+     * 是否包含组件数据的深度对比
+     * 默认true，设为false可提升性能但可能漏掉组件内部字段变更
+     */
+    deepComponentComparison?: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 是否跟踪场景数据变更
+     * 默认true
+     */
+    trackSceneData?: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 是否压缩快照（使用JSON序列化）
+     * 默认false，设为true可减少内存占用但增加CPU开销
+     */
+    compressSnapshot?: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 序列化格式
+     * - 'json': JSON格式（可读性好，方便调试）
+     * - 'binary': MessagePack二进制格式（体积小，性能高）
+     * 默认 'json'
+     */
+    format?: IncrementalSerializationFormat;
+
+    /**
+     * 是否美化JSON输出（仅在format='json'时有效）
+     * 默认false
+     */
+    pretty?: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 增量序列化器类
+ */
+export class IncrementalSerializer {
+    /** 当前快照版本号 */
+    private static snapshotVersion = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * 创建场景快照
+     *
+     * @param scene 要快照的场景
+     * @param options 序列化选项
+     * @returns 场景快照对象
+     */
+    public static createSnapshot(
+        scene: IScene,
+        options?: IncrementalSerializationOptions
+    ): SceneSnapshot {
+        const opts = {
+            deepComponentComparison: true,
+            trackSceneData: true,
+            compressSnapshot: false,
+            ...options
+        };
+
+        const snapshot: SceneSnapshot = {
+            version: ++this.snapshotVersion,
+            entityIds: new Set(),
+            entities: new Map(),
+            components: new Map(),
+            sceneData: new Map()
+        };
+
+        // 快照所有实体
+        for (const entity of scene.entities.buffer) {
+            snapshot.entityIds.add(entity.id);
+
+            // 存储实体基本信息
+            snapshot.entities.set(entity.id, {
+                name: entity.name,
+                tag: entity.tag,
+                active: entity.active,
+                enabled: entity.enabled,
+                updateOrder: entity.updateOrder,
+                parentId: entity.parent?.id
+            });
+
+            // 快照组件
+            if (opts.deepComponentComparison) {
+                const componentMap = new Map<string, string>();
+
+                for (const component of entity.components) {
+                    const serialized = ComponentSerializer.serialize(component);
+                    if (serialized) {
+                        // 使用JSON字符串存储，便于后续对比
+                        componentMap.set(
+                            serialized.type,
+                            JSON.stringify(serialized.data)
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (componentMap.size > 0) {
+                    snapshot.components.set(entity.id, componentMap);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 快照场景数据
+        if (opts.trackSceneData) {
+            for (const [key, value] of scene.sceneData) {
+                snapshot.sceneData.set(key, JSON.stringify(value));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return snapshot;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 计算增量变更
+     *
+     * @param scene 当前场景
+     * @param baseSnapshot 基础快照
+     * @param options 序列化选项
+     * @returns 增量快照
+     */
+    public static computeIncremental(
+        scene: IScene,
+        baseSnapshot: SceneSnapshot,
+        options?: IncrementalSerializationOptions
+    ): IncrementalSnapshot {
+        const opts = {
+            deepComponentComparison: true,
+            trackSceneData: true,
+            ...options
+        };
+
+        const incremental: IncrementalSnapshot = {
+            version: ++this.snapshotVersion,
+            timestamp: Date.now(),
+            sceneName: scene.name,
+            baseVersion: baseSnapshot.version,
+            entityChanges: [],
+            componentChanges: [],
+            sceneDataChanges: []
+        };
+
+        const currentEntityIds = new Set<number>();
+
+        // 检测实体变更
+        for (const entity of scene.entities.buffer) {
+            currentEntityIds.add(entity.id);
+
+            if (!baseSnapshot.entityIds.has(entity.id)) {
+                // 新增实体
+                incremental.entityChanges.push({
+                    operation: ChangeOperation.EntityAdded,
+                    entityId: entity.id,
+                    entityName: entity.name,
+                    entityData: {
+                        id: entity.id,
+                        name: entity.name,
+                        tag: entity.tag,
+                        active: entity.active,
+                        enabled: entity.enabled,
+                        updateOrder: entity.updateOrder,
+                        parentId: entity.parent?.id,
+                        components: [],
+                        children: []
+                    }
+                });
+
+                // 新增实体的所有组件都是新增
+                for (const component of entity.components) {
+                    const serialized = ComponentSerializer.serialize(component);
+                    if (serialized) {
+                        incremental.componentChanges.push({
+                            operation: ChangeOperation.ComponentAdded,
+                            entityId: entity.id,
+                            componentType: serialized.type,
+                            componentData: serialized
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                // 检查实体属性变更
+                const oldData = baseSnapshot.entities.get(entity.id)!;
+                const entityChanged =
+                    oldData.name !== entity.name ||
+                    oldData.tag !== entity.tag ||
+                    oldData.active !== entity.active ||
+                    oldData.enabled !== entity.enabled ||
+                    oldData.updateOrder !== entity.updateOrder ||
+                    oldData.parentId !== entity.parent?.id;
+
+                if (entityChanged) {
+                    incremental.entityChanges.push({
+                        operation: ChangeOperation.EntityUpdated,
+                        entityId: entity.id,
+                        entityData: {
+                            name: entity.name,
+                            tag: entity.tag,
+                            active: entity.active,
+                            enabled: entity.enabled,
+                            updateOrder: entity.updateOrder,
+                            parentId: entity.parent?.id
+                        }
+                    });
+                }
+
+                // 检查组件变更
+                if (opts.deepComponentComparison) {
+                    this.detectComponentChanges(
+                        entity,
+                        baseSnapshot,
+                        incremental.componentChanges
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 检测删除的实体
+        for (const oldEntityId of baseSnapshot.entityIds) {
+            if (!currentEntityIds.has(oldEntityId)) {
+                incremental.entityChanges.push({
+                    operation: ChangeOperation.EntityRemoved,
+                    entityId: oldEntityId
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 检测场景数据变更
+        if (opts.trackSceneData) {
+            this.detectSceneDataChanges(
+                scene,
+                baseSnapshot,
+                incremental.sceneDataChanges
+            );
+        }
+
+        return incremental;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检测组件变更
+     */
+    private static detectComponentChanges(
+        entity: Entity,
+        baseSnapshot: SceneSnapshot,
+        componentChanges: ComponentChange[]
+    ): void {
+        const oldComponents = baseSnapshot.components.get(entity.id);
+        const currentComponents = new Map<string, SerializedComponent>();
+
+        // 收集当前组件
+        for (const component of entity.components) {
+            const serialized = ComponentSerializer.serialize(component);
+            if (serialized) {
+                currentComponents.set(serialized.type, serialized);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 检测新增和更新的组件
+        for (const [type, serialized] of currentComponents) {
+            const currentData = JSON.stringify(serialized.data);
+
+            if (!oldComponents || !oldComponents.has(type)) {
+                // 新增组件
+                componentChanges.push({
+                    operation: ChangeOperation.ComponentAdded,
+                    entityId: entity.id,
+                    componentType: type,
+                    componentData: serialized
+                });
+            } else if (oldComponents.get(type) !== currentData) {
+                // 组件数据变更
+                componentChanges.push({
+                    operation: ChangeOperation.ComponentUpdated,
+                    entityId: entity.id,
+                    componentType: type,
+                    componentData: serialized
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 检测删除的组件
+        if (oldComponents) {
+            for (const oldType of oldComponents.keys()) {
+                if (!currentComponents.has(oldType)) {
+                    componentChanges.push({
+                        operation: ChangeOperation.ComponentRemoved,
+                        entityId: entity.id,
+                        componentType: oldType
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检测场景数据变更
+     */
+    private static detectSceneDataChanges(
+        scene: IScene,
+        baseSnapshot: SceneSnapshot,
+        sceneDataChanges: SceneDataChange[]
+    ): void {
+        const currentKeys = new Set<string>();
+
+        // 检测新增和更新的场景数据
+        for (const [key, value] of scene.sceneData) {
+            currentKeys.add(key);
+            const currentValue = JSON.stringify(value);
+            const oldValue = baseSnapshot.sceneData.get(key);
+
+            if (!oldValue || oldValue !== currentValue) {
+                sceneDataChanges.push({
+                    operation: ChangeOperation.SceneDataUpdated,
+                    key,
+                    value
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 检测删除的场景数据
+        for (const oldKey of baseSnapshot.sceneData.keys()) {
+            if (!currentKeys.has(oldKey)) {
+                sceneDataChanges.push({
+                    operation: ChangeOperation.SceneDataUpdated,
+                    key: oldKey,
+                    value: undefined,
+                    deleted: true
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 应用增量变更到场景
+     *
+     * @param scene 目标场景
+     * @param incremental 增量快照
+     * @param componentRegistry 组件类型注册表
+     */
+    public static applyIncremental(
+        scene: IScene,
+        incremental: IncrementalSnapshot,
+        componentRegistry: Map<string, ComponentType>
+    ): void {
+        // 应用实体变更
+        for (const change of incremental.entityChanges) {
+            switch (change.operation) {
+                case ChangeOperation.EntityAdded:
+                    this.applyEntityAdded(scene, change);
+                    break;
+                case ChangeOperation.EntityRemoved:
+                    this.applyEntityRemoved(scene, change);
+                    break;
+                case ChangeOperation.EntityUpdated:
+                    this.applyEntityUpdated(scene, change);
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 应用组件变更
+        for (const change of incremental.componentChanges) {
+            switch (change.operation) {
+                case ChangeOperation.ComponentAdded:
+                    this.applyComponentAdded(scene, change, componentRegistry);
+                    break;
+                case ChangeOperation.ComponentRemoved:
+                    this.applyComponentRemoved(scene, change, componentRegistry);
+                    break;
+                case ChangeOperation.ComponentUpdated:
+                    this.applyComponentUpdated(scene, change, componentRegistry);
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 应用场景数据变更
+        for (const change of incremental.sceneDataChanges) {
+            if (change.deleted) {
+                scene.sceneData.delete(change.key);
+            } else {
+                scene.sceneData.set(change.key, change.value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static applyEntityAdded(scene: IScene, change: EntityChange): void {
+        if (!change.entityData) return;
+
+        const entity = new Entity(change.entityName || 'Entity', change.entityId);
+        entity.tag = change.entityData.tag || 0;
+        entity.active = change.entityData.active ?? true;
+        entity.enabled = change.entityData.enabled ?? true;
+        entity.updateOrder = change.entityData.updateOrder || 0;
+
+        scene.addEntity(entity);
+    }
+
+    private static applyEntityRemoved(scene: IScene, change: EntityChange): void {
+        const entity = scene.entities.findEntityById(change.entityId);
+        if (entity) {
+            entity.destroy();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static applyEntityUpdated(scene: IScene, change: EntityChange): void {
+        if (!change.entityData) return;
+
+        const entity = scene.entities.findEntityById(change.entityId);
+        if (!entity) return;
+
+        if (change.entityData.name !== undefined) entity.name = change.entityData.name;
+        if (change.entityData.tag !== undefined) entity.tag = change.entityData.tag;
+        if (change.entityData.active !== undefined) entity.active = change.entityData.active;
+        if (change.entityData.enabled !== undefined) entity.enabled = change.entityData.enabled;
+        if (change.entityData.updateOrder !== undefined) entity.updateOrder = change.entityData.updateOrder;
+
+        if (change.entityData.parentId !== undefined) {
+            const newParent = scene.entities.findEntityById(change.entityData.parentId);
+            if (newParent && entity.parent !== newParent) {
+                if (entity.parent) {
+                    entity.parent.removeChild(entity);
+                }
+                newParent.addChild(entity);
+            }
+        } else if (entity.parent) {
+            entity.parent.removeChild(entity);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static applyComponentAdded(
+        scene: IScene,
+        change: ComponentChange,
+        componentRegistry: Map<string, ComponentType>
+    ): void {
+        if (!change.componentData) return;
+
+        const entity = scene.entities.findEntityById(change.entityId);
+        if (!entity) return;
+
+        const component = ComponentSerializer.deserialize(change.componentData, componentRegistry);
+        if (component) {
+            entity.addComponent(component);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static applyComponentRemoved(
+        scene: IScene,
+        change: ComponentChange,
+        componentRegistry: Map<string, ComponentType>
+    ): void {
+        const entity = scene.entities.findEntityById(change.entityId);
+        if (!entity) return;
+
+        const componentClass = componentRegistry.get(change.componentType);
+        if (!componentClass) return;
+
+        entity.removeComponentByType(componentClass);
+    }
+
+    private static applyComponentUpdated(
+        scene: IScene,
+        change: ComponentChange,
+        componentRegistry: Map<string, ComponentType>
+    ): void {
+        if (!change.componentData) return;
+
+        const entity = scene.entities.findEntityById(change.entityId);
+        if (!entity) return;
+
+        const componentClass = componentRegistry.get(change.componentType);
+        if (!componentClass) return;
+
+        entity.removeComponentByType(componentClass);
+
+        const component = ComponentSerializer.deserialize(change.componentData, componentRegistry);
+        if (component) {
+            entity.addComponent(component);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 序列化增量快照
+     *
+     * @param incremental 增量快照
+     * @param options 序列化选项
+     * @returns 序列化后的数据（JSON字符串或二进制Uint8Array）
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // JSON格式（默认）
+     * const jsonData = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(snapshot);
+     *
+     * // 二进制格式
+     * const binaryData = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(snapshot, {
+     *     format: 'binary'
+     * });
+     *
+     * // 美化JSON
+     * const prettyJson = IncrementalSerializer.serializeIncremental(snapshot, {
+     *     format: 'json',
+     *     pretty: true
+     * });
+     * ```
+     */
+    public static serializeIncremental(
+        incremental: IncrementalSnapshot,
+        options?: { format?: IncrementalSerializationFormat; pretty?: boolean }
+    ): string | Uint8Array {
+        const opts = {
+            format: 'json' as IncrementalSerializationFormat,
+            pretty: false,
+            ...options
+        };
+
+        if (opts.format === 'binary') {
+            return encode(incremental);
+        } else {
+            return opts.pretty
+                ? JSON.stringify(incremental, null, 2)
+                : JSON.stringify(incremental);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 反序列化增量快照
+     *
+     * @param data 序列化的数据（JSON字符串或二进制Uint8Array）
+     * @returns 增量快照
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 从JSON反序列化
+     * const snapshot = IncrementalSerializer.deserializeIncremental(jsonString);
+     *
+     * // 从二进制反序列化
+     * const snapshot = IncrementalSerializer.deserializeIncremental(buffer);
+     * ```
+     */
+    public static deserializeIncremental(data: string | Uint8Array): IncrementalSnapshot {
+        if (typeof data === 'string') {
+            // JSON格式
+            return JSON.parse(data);
+        } else {
+            // 二进制格式（MessagePack）
+            return decode(data) as IncrementalSnapshot;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 计算增量快照的大小（字节）
+     *
+     * @param incremental 增量快照
+     * @param format 序列化格式，默认为 'json'
+     * @returns 字节数
+     */
+    public static getIncrementalSize(
+        incremental: IncrementalSnapshot,
+        format: IncrementalSerializationFormat = 'json'
+    ): number {
+        const data = this.serializeIncremental(incremental, { format });
+
+        if (typeof data === 'string') {
+            // JSON格式：计算UTF-8编码后的字节数
+            // 使用 Blob 来计算浏览器和 Node.js 环境兼容的字节数
+            if (typeof Blob !== 'undefined') {
+                return new Blob([data]).size;
+            } else if (typeof Buffer !== 'undefined') {
+                return Buffer.byteLength(data, 'utf8');
+            } else {
+                // 回退方案：粗略估算（不精确，但可用）
+                return new TextEncoder().encode(data).length;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // 二进制格式：直接返回Buffer长度
+            return data.length;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取增量快照的统计信息
+     *
+     * @param incremental 增量快照
+     * @returns 统计信息
+     */
+    public static getIncrementalStats(incremental: IncrementalSnapshot): {
+        totalChanges: number;
+        entityChanges: number;
+        componentChanges: number;
+        sceneDataChanges: number;
+        addedEntities: number;
+        removedEntities: number;
+        updatedEntities: number;
+        addedComponents: number;
+        removedComponents: number;
+        updatedComponents: number;
+    } {
+        return {
+            totalChanges:
+                incremental.entityChanges.length +
+                incremental.componentChanges.length +
+                incremental.sceneDataChanges.length,
+            entityChanges: incremental.entityChanges.length,
+            componentChanges: incremental.componentChanges.length,
+            sceneDataChanges: incremental.sceneDataChanges.length,
+            addedEntities: incremental.entityChanges.filter(
+                c => c.operation === ChangeOperation.EntityAdded
+            ).length,
+            removedEntities: incremental.entityChanges.filter(
+                c => c.operation === ChangeOperation.EntityRemoved
+            ).length,
+            updatedEntities: incremental.entityChanges.filter(
+                c => c.operation === ChangeOperation.EntityUpdated
+            ).length,
+            addedComponents: incremental.componentChanges.filter(
+                c => c.operation === ChangeOperation.ComponentAdded
+            ).length,
+            removedComponents: incremental.componentChanges.filter(
+                c => c.operation === ChangeOperation.ComponentRemoved
+            ).length,
+            updatedComponents: incremental.componentChanges.filter(
+                c => c.operation === ChangeOperation.ComponentUpdated
+            ).length
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 重置快照版本号（用于测试）
+     */
+    public static resetVersion(): void {
+        this.snapshotVersion = 0;
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Serialization/SceneSerializer.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,559 @@
+/**
+ * 场景序列化器
+ *
+ * 负责整个场景的序列化和反序列化，包括实体、组件等
+ */
+
+import type { IScene } from '../IScene';
+import { Entity } from '../Entity';
+import { Component } from '../Component';
+import { ComponentType, ComponentRegistry } from '../Core/ComponentStorage';
+import { EntitySerializer, SerializedEntity } from './EntitySerializer';
+import { getComponentTypeName } from '../Decorators';
+import { getSerializationMetadata } from './SerializationDecorators';
+import { encode, decode } from '@msgpack/msgpack';
+
+/**
+ * 场景序列化格式
+ */
+export type SerializationFormat = 'json' | 'binary';
+
+/**
+ * 场景序列化策略
+ */
+export type DeserializationStrategy = 'merge' | 'replace';
+
+/**
+ * 版本迁移函数
+ */
+export type MigrationFunction = (
+    oldVersion: number,
+    newVersion: number,
+    data: any
+) => any;
+
+/**
+ * 场景序列化选项
+ */
+export interface SceneSerializationOptions {
+    /**
+     * 要序列化的组件类型列表
+     * 如果未指定，则序列化所有可序列化的组件
+     */
+    components?: ComponentType[];
+
+    /**
+     * 是否序列化系统状态（当前不支持）
+     */
+    systems?: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 序列化格式
+     */
+    format?: SerializationFormat;
+
+    /**
+     * 是否美化JSON输出（仅在format='json'时有效）
+     */
+    pretty?: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 是否包含元数据（如序列化时间、版本等）
+     */
+    includeMetadata?: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 场景反序列化选项
+ */
+export interface SceneDeserializationOptions {
+    /**
+     * 反序列化策略
+     * - 'merge': 合并到现有场景
+     * - 'replace': 替换现有场景内容
+     */
+    strategy?: DeserializationStrategy;
+
+    /**
+     * 版本迁移函数
+     */
+    migration?: MigrationFunction;
+
+    /**
+     * 是否保持原始实体ID
+     */
+    preserveIds?: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 组件类型注册表
+     * 如果未提供，将尝试从全局注册表获取
+     */
+    componentRegistry?: Map<string, ComponentType>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 序列化后的场景数据
+ */
+export interface SerializedScene {
+    /**
+     * 场景名称
+     */
+    name: string;
+
+    /**
+     * 序列化版本
+     */
+    version: number;
+
+    /**
+     * 序列化时间戳
+     */
+    timestamp?: number;
+
+    /**
+     * 场景自定义数据
+     *
+     * 存储场景级别的配置和状态
+     */
+    sceneData?: Record<string, any>;
+
+    /**
+     * 实体列表
+     */
+    entities: SerializedEntity[];
+
+    /**
+     * 元数据
+     */
+    metadata?: {
+        entityCount: number;
+        componentTypeCount: number;
+        serializationOptions?: SceneSerializationOptions;
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * 组件类型注册信息
+     */
+    componentTypeRegistry: Array<{
+        typeName: string;
+        version: number;
+    }>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 场景序列化器类
+ */
+export class SceneSerializer {
+    /**
+     * 当前序列化版本
+     */
+    private static readonly SERIALIZATION_VERSION = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * 序列化场景
+     *
+     * @param scene 要序列化的场景
+     * @param options 序列化选项
+     * @returns 序列化后的数据（JSON字符串或二进制Uint8Array）
+     */
+    public static serialize(scene: IScene, options?: SceneSerializationOptions): string | Uint8Array {
+        const opts: SceneSerializationOptions = {
+            systems: false,
+            format: 'json',
+            pretty: true,
+            includeMetadata: true,
+            ...options
+        };
+
+        // 过滤实体和组件
+        const entities = this.filterEntities(scene, opts);
+
+        // 序列化实体
+        const serializedEntities = EntitySerializer.serializeEntities(entities, true);
+
+        // 收集组件类型信息
+        const componentTypeRegistry = this.buildComponentTypeRegistry(entities);
+
+        // 序列化场景自定义数据
+        const sceneData = this.serializeSceneData(scene.sceneData);
+
+        // 构建序列化数据
+        const serializedScene: SerializedScene = {
+            name: scene.name,
+            version: this.SERIALIZATION_VERSION,
+            entities: serializedEntities,
+            componentTypeRegistry
+        };
+
+        // 添加场景数据（如果有）
+        if (sceneData && Object.keys(sceneData).length > 0) {
+            serializedScene.sceneData = sceneData;
+        }
+
+        // 添加元数据
+        if (opts.includeMetadata) {
+            serializedScene.timestamp = Date.now();
+            serializedScene.metadata = {
+                entityCount: serializedEntities.length,
+                componentTypeCount: componentTypeRegistry.length,
+                serializationOptions: opts
+            };
+        }
+
+        // 根据格式返回数据
+        if (opts.format === 'json') {
+            return opts.pretty
+                ? JSON.stringify(serializedScene, null, 2)
+                : JSON.stringify(serializedScene);
+        } else {
+            // 二进制格式（使用 MessagePack）
+            return encode(serializedScene);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 反序列化场景
+     *
+     * @param scene 目标场景
+     * @param saveData 序列化的数据（JSON字符串或二进制Uint8Array）
+     * @param options 反序列化选项
+     */
+    public static deserialize(
+        scene: IScene,
+        saveData: string | Uint8Array,
+        options?: SceneDeserializationOptions
+    ): void {
+        const opts: SceneDeserializationOptions = {
+            strategy: 'replace',
+            preserveIds: false,
+            ...options
+        };
+
+        // 解析数据
+        let serializedScene: SerializedScene;
+        try {
+            if (typeof saveData === 'string') {
+                // JSON格式
+                serializedScene = JSON.parse(saveData);
+            } else {
+                // 二进制格式（MessagePack）
+                serializedScene = decode(saveData) as SerializedScene;
+            }
+        } catch (error) {
+            throw new Error(`Failed to parse save data: ${error}`);
+        }
+
+        // 版本迁移
+        if (opts.migration && serializedScene.version !== this.SERIALIZATION_VERSION) {
+            serializedScene = opts.migration(
+                serializedScene.version,
+                this.SERIALIZATION_VERSION,
+                serializedScene
+            );
+        }
+
+        // 构建组件注册表
+        const componentRegistry = opts.componentRegistry || this.getGlobalComponentRegistry();
+
+        // 根据策略处理场景
+        if (opts.strategy === 'replace') {
+            // 清空场景
+            scene.destroyAllEntities();
+        }
+
+        // ID生成器
+        const idGenerator = () => scene.identifierPool.checkOut();
+
+        // 反序列化实体
+        const entities = EntitySerializer.deserializeEntities(
+            serializedScene.entities,
+            componentRegistry,
+            idGenerator,
+            opts.preserveIds || false,
+            scene
+        );
+
+        // 将实体添加到场景
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            scene.addEntity(entity, true);
+            this.addChildrenRecursively(entity, scene);
+        }
+
+        // 统一清理缓存（批量操作完成后）
+        scene.querySystem.clearCache();
+        scene.clearSystemEntityCaches();
+
+        // 反序列化场景自定义数据
+        if (serializedScene.sceneData) {
+            this.deserializeSceneData(serializedScene.sceneData, scene.sceneData);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 递归添加实体的所有子实体到场景
+     *
+     * 修复反序列化时子实体丢失的问题：
+     * EntitySerializer.deserialize会提前设置子实体的scene引用，
+     * 导致Entity.addChild的条件判断(!child.scene)跳过scene.addEntity调用。
+     * 因此需要在SceneSerializer中统一递归添加所有子实体。
+     *
+     * @param entity 父实体
+     * @param scene 目标场景
+     */
+    private static addChildrenRecursively(entity: Entity, scene: IScene): void {
+        for (const child of entity.children) {
+            scene.addEntity(child, true);  // 延迟缓存清理
+            this.addChildrenRecursively(child, scene);  // 递归处理子实体的子实体
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 序列化场景自定义数据
+     *
+     * 将 Map<string, any> 转换为普通对象
+     */
+    private static serializeSceneData(sceneData: Map<string, any>): Record<string, any> {
+        const result: Record<string, any> = {};
+
+        for (const [key, value] of sceneData) {
+            result[key] = this.serializeValue(value);
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 反序列化场景自定义数据
+     *
+     * 将普通对象还原为 Map<string, any>
+     */
+    private static deserializeSceneData(
+        data: Record<string, any>,
+        targetMap: Map<string, any>
+    ): void {
+        targetMap.clear();
+
+        for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(data)) {
+            targetMap.set(key, this.deserializeValue(value));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 序列化单个值
+     */
+    private static serializeValue(value: any): any {
+        if (value === null || value === undefined) {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        // 基本类型
+        const type = typeof value;
+        if (type === 'string' || type === 'number' || type === 'boolean') {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        // Date
+        if (value instanceof Date) {
+            return { __type: 'Date', value: value.toISOString() };
+        }
+
+        // Map
+        if (value instanceof Map) {
+            return { __type: 'Map', value: Array.from(value.entries()) };
+        }
+
+        // Set
+        if (value instanceof Set) {
+            return { __type: 'Set', value: Array.from(value) };
+        }
+
+        // 数组
+        if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+            return value.map(item => this.serializeValue(item));
+        }
+
+        // 普通对象
+        if (type === 'object') {
+            const result: Record<string, any> = {};
+            for (const key in value) {
+                if (value.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+                    result[key] = this.serializeValue(value[key]);
+                }
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        // 其他类型不序列化
+        return undefined;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 反序列化单个值
+     */
+    private static deserializeValue(value: any): any {
+        if (value === null || value === undefined) {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        // 基本类型
+        const type = typeof value;
+        if (type === 'string' || type === 'number' || type === 'boolean') {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        // 处理特殊类型标记
+        if (type === 'object' && value.__type) {
+            switch (value.__type) {
+                case 'Date':
+                    return new Date(value.value);
+                case 'Map':
+                    return new Map(value.value);
+                case 'Set':
+                    return new Set(value.value);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 数组
+        if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+            return value.map(item => this.deserializeValue(item));
+        }
+
+        // 普通对象
+        if (type === 'object') {
+            const result: Record<string, any> = {};
+            for (const key in value) {
+                if (value.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+                    result[key] = this.deserializeValue(value[key]);
+                }
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 过滤要序列化的实体和组件
+     */
+    private static filterEntities(scene: IScene, options: SceneSerializationOptions): Entity[] {
+        const entities = Array.from(scene.entities.buffer);
+
+        // 如果指定了组件类型过滤
+        if (options.components && options.components.length > 0) {
+            const componentTypeSet = new Set(options.components);
+
+            // 只返回拥有指定组件的实体
+            return entities.filter(entity => {
+                return Array.from(entity.components).some(component =>
+                    componentTypeSet.has(component.constructor as ComponentType)
+                );
+            });
+        }
+
+        return entities;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 构建组件类型注册表
+     */
+    private static buildComponentTypeRegistry(
+        entities: Entity[]
+    ): Array<{ typeName: string; version: number }> {
+        const registry = new Map<string, number>();
+
+        for (const entity of entities) {
+            for (const component of entity.components) {
+                const componentType = component.constructor as ComponentType;
+                const typeName = getComponentTypeName(componentType);
+                const metadata = getSerializationMetadata(component);
+
+                if (metadata && !registry.has(typeName)) {
+                    registry.set(typeName, metadata.options.version);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Array.from(registry.entries()).map(([typeName, version]) => ({
+            typeName,
+            version
+        }));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取全局组件注册表
+     *
+     * 从所有已注册的组件类型构建注册表
+     */
+    private static getGlobalComponentRegistry(): Map<string, ComponentType> {
+        return ComponentRegistry.getAllComponentNames() as Map<string, ComponentType>;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 验证保存数据的有效性
+     *
+     * @param saveData 序列化的数据
+     * @returns 验证结果
+     */
+    public static validate(saveData: string): {
+        valid: boolean;
+        version?: number;
+        errors?: string[];
+    } {
+        const errors: string[] = [];
+
+        try {
+            const data = JSON.parse(saveData);
+
+            if (!data.version) {
+                errors.push('Missing version field');
+            }
+
+            if (!data.entities || !Array.isArray(data.entities)) {
+                errors.push('Missing or invalid entities field');
+            }
+
+            if (!data.componentTypeRegistry || !Array.isArray(data.componentTypeRegistry)) {
+                errors.push('Missing or invalid componentTypeRegistry field');
+            }
+
+            return {
+                valid: errors.length === 0,
+                version: data.version,
+                errors: errors.length > 0 ? errors : undefined
+            };
+        } catch (error) {
+            return {
+                valid: false,
+                errors: [`JSON parse error: ${error}`]
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取保存数据的信息（不完全反序列化）
+     *
+     * @param saveData 序列化的数据
+     * @returns 保存数据的元信息
+     */
+    public static getInfo(saveData: string): {
+        name: string;
+        version: number;
+        timestamp?: number;
+        entityCount: number;
+        componentTypeCount: number;
+    } | null {
+        try {
+            const data: SerializedScene = JSON.parse(saveData);
+
+            return {
+                name: data.name,
+                version: data.version,
+                timestamp: data.timestamp,
+                entityCount: data.metadata?.entityCount || data.entities.length,
+                componentTypeCount: data.componentTypeRegistry.length
+            };
+        } catch (error) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Serialization/SerializationDecorators.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+/**
+ * 序列化装饰器
+ *
+ * 提供组件级别的序列化支持，包括字段级装饰器和类级装饰器
+ */
+
+import { Component } from '../Component';
+
+/**
+ * 序列化元数据的Symbol键
+ */
+export const SERIALIZABLE_METADATA = Symbol('SerializableMetadata');
+export const SERIALIZE_FIELD = Symbol('SerializeField');
+export const SERIALIZE_OPTIONS = Symbol('SerializeOptions');
+
+/**
+ * 可序列化配置选项
+ */
+export interface SerializableOptions {
+    /**
+     * 序列化版本号，用于数据迁移
+     */
+    version: number;
+
+    /**
+     * 组件类型标识符（可选，默认使用类名）
+     */
+    typeId?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 字段序列化配置
+ */
+export interface FieldSerializeOptions {
+    /**
+     * 自定义序列化器
+     */
+    serializer?: (value: any) => any;
+
+    /**
+     * 自定义反序列化器
+     */
+    deserializer?: (value: any) => any;
+
+    /**
+     * 字段别名（用于序列化后的键名）
+     */
+    alias?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 序列化元数据
+ */
+export interface SerializationMetadata {
+    options: SerializableOptions;
+    fields: Map<string | symbol, FieldSerializeOptions>;
+    ignoredFields: Set<string | symbol>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 组件可序列化装饰器
+ *
+ * 标记组件类为可序列化，必须与字段装饰器配合使用
+ *
+ * @param options 序列化配置选项
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * @ECSComponent('Player')
+ * @Serializable({ version: 1 })
+ * class PlayerComponent extends Component {
+ *     @Serialize() name: string = 'Player';
+ *     @Serialize() level: number = 1;
+ * }
+ * ```
+ */
+export function Serializable(options: SerializableOptions) {
+    return function <T extends new (...args: any[]) => Component>(target: T): T {
+        if (!options || typeof options.version !== 'number') {
+            throw new Error('Serializable装饰器必须提供有效的版本号');
+        }
+
+        // 初始化或获取现有元数据
+        let metadata: SerializationMetadata = (target as any)[SERIALIZABLE_METADATA];
+        if (!metadata) {
+            metadata = {
+                options,
+                fields: new Map(),
+                ignoredFields: new Set()
+            };
+            (target as any)[SERIALIZABLE_METADATA] = metadata;
+        } else {
+            metadata.options = options;
+        }
+
+        return target;
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * 字段序列化装饰器
+ *
+ * 标记字段为可序列化
+ *
+ * @param options 字段序列化选项（可选）
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * @Serialize()
+ * name: string = 'Player';
+ *
+ * @Serialize({ alias: 'hp' })
+ * health: number = 100;
+ * ```
+ */
+export function Serialize(options?: FieldSerializeOptions) {
+    return function (target: any, propertyKey: string | symbol) {
+        const constructor = target.constructor;
+
+        // 获取或创建元数据
+        let metadata: SerializationMetadata = constructor[SERIALIZABLE_METADATA];
+        if (!metadata) {
+            metadata = {
+                options: { version: 1 }, // 默认版本
+                fields: new Map(),
+                ignoredFields: new Set()
+            };
+            constructor[SERIALIZABLE_METADATA] = metadata;
+        }
+
+        // 记录字段
+        metadata.fields.set(propertyKey, options || {});
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Map序列化装饰器
+ *
+ * 专门用于序列化Map类型字段
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * @SerializeAsMap()
+ * inventory: Map<string, number> = new Map();
+ * ```
+ */
+export function SerializeAsMap() {
+    return function (target: any, propertyKey: string | symbol) {
+        Serialize({
+            serializer: (value: Map<any, any>) => {
+                if (!(value instanceof Map)) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+                return Array.from(value.entries());
+            },
+            deserializer: (value: any) => {
+                if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
+                    return new Map();
+                }
+                return new Map(value);
+            }
+        })(target, propertyKey);
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Set序列化装饰器
+ *
+ * 专门用于序列化Set类型字段
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * @SerializeAsSet()
+ * tags: Set<string> = new Set();
+ * ```
+ */
+export function SerializeAsSet() {
+    return function (target: any, propertyKey: string | symbol) {
+        Serialize({
+            serializer: (value: Set<any>) => {
+                if (!(value instanceof Set)) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+                return Array.from(value);
+            },
+            deserializer: (value: any) => {
+                if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
+                    return new Set();
+                }
+                return new Set(value);
+            }
+        })(target, propertyKey);
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * 忽略序列化装饰器
+ *
+ * 标记字段不参与序列化
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * @IgnoreSerialization()
+ * tempCache: any = null;
+ * ```
+ */
+export function IgnoreSerialization() {
+    return function (target: any, propertyKey: string | symbol) {
+        const constructor = target.constructor;
+
+        // 获取或创建元数据
+        let metadata: SerializationMetadata = constructor[SERIALIZABLE_METADATA];
+        if (!metadata) {
+            metadata = {
+                options: { version: 1 },
+                fields: new Map(),
+                ignoredFields: new Set()
+            };
+            constructor[SERIALIZABLE_METADATA] = metadata;
+        }
+
+        // 记录忽略字段
+        metadata.ignoredFields.add(propertyKey);
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取组件的序列化元数据
+ *
+ * @param componentClass 组件类或组件实例
+ * @returns 序列化元数据，如果组件不可序列化则返回null
+ */
+export function getSerializationMetadata(componentClass: any): SerializationMetadata | null {
+    if (!componentClass) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    // 如果是实例，获取其构造函数
+    const constructor = typeof componentClass === 'function'
+        ? componentClass
+        : componentClass.constructor;
+
+    return constructor[SERIALIZABLE_METADATA] || null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 检查组件是否可序列化
+ *
+ * @param component 组件类或组件实例
+ * @returns 如果组件可序列化返回true
+ */
+export function isSerializable(component: any): boolean {
+    return getSerializationMetadata(component) !== null;
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Serialization/VersionMigration.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,371 @@
+/**
+ * 版本迁移系统
+ *
+ * 提供组件和场景数据的版本迁移支持
+ */
+
+import { SerializedComponent } from './ComponentSerializer';
+import { SerializedScene } from './SceneSerializer';
+
+/**
+ * 组件迁移函数
+ */
+export type ComponentMigrationFunction = (data: any, fromVersion: number, toVersion: number) => any;
+
+/**
+ * 场景迁移函数
+ */
+export type SceneMigrationFunction = (
+    scene: SerializedScene,
+    fromVersion: number,
+    toVersion: number
+) => SerializedScene;
+
+/**
+ * 版本迁移管理器
+ */
+export class VersionMigrationManager {
+    /**
+     * 组件迁移函数注册表
+     * Map<组件类型名, Map<版本号, 迁移函数>>
+     */
+    private static componentMigrations = new Map<string, Map<number, ComponentMigrationFunction>>();
+
+    /**
+     * 场景迁移函数注册表
+     * Map<版本号, 迁移函数>
+     */
+    private static sceneMigrations = new Map<number, SceneMigrationFunction>();
+
+    /**
+     * 注册组件迁移函数
+     *
+     * @param componentType 组件类型名称
+     * @param fromVersion 源版本号
+     * @param toVersion 目标版本号
+     * @param migration 迁移函数
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * // 从版本1迁移到版本2
+     * VersionMigrationManager.registerComponentMigration(
+     *     'PlayerComponent',
+     *     1,
+     *     2,
+     *     (data) => {
+     *         // 添加新字段
+     *         data.experience = 0;
+     *         return data;
+     *     }
+     * );
+     * ```
+     */
+    public static registerComponentMigration(
+        componentType: string,
+        fromVersion: number,
+        toVersion: number,
+        migration: ComponentMigrationFunction
+    ): void {
+        if (!this.componentMigrations.has(componentType)) {
+            this.componentMigrations.set(componentType, new Map());
+        }
+
+        const versionMap = this.componentMigrations.get(componentType)!;
+
+        // 使用fromVersion作为key，表示"从这个版本迁移"
+        versionMap.set(fromVersion, migration);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 注册场景迁移函数
+     *
+     * @param fromVersion 源版本号
+     * @param toVersion 目标版本号
+     * @param migration 迁移函数
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * VersionMigrationManager.registerSceneMigration(
+     *     1,
+     *     2,
+     *     (scene) => {
+     *         // 迁移场景结构
+     *         scene.metadata = { ...scene.metadata, migratedFrom: 1 };
+     *         return scene;
+     *     }
+     * );
+     * ```
+     */
+    public static registerSceneMigration(
+        fromVersion: number,
+        toVersion: number,
+        migration: SceneMigrationFunction
+    ): void {
+        this.sceneMigrations.set(fromVersion, migration);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 迁移组件数据
+     *
+     * @param component 序列化的组件数据
+     * @param targetVersion 目标版本号
+     * @returns 迁移后的组件数据
+     */
+    public static migrateComponent(
+        component: SerializedComponent,
+        targetVersion: number
+    ): SerializedComponent {
+        const currentVersion = component.version;
+
+        if (currentVersion === targetVersion) {
+            return component; // 版本相同，无需迁移
+        }
+
+        const migrations = this.componentMigrations.get(component.type);
+        if (!migrations) {
+            console.warn(`No migration path found for component ${component.type}`);
+            return component;
+        }
+
+        let migratedData = { ...component };
+        let version = currentVersion;
+
+        // 执行迁移链
+        while (version < targetVersion) {
+            const migration = migrations.get(version);
+
+            if (!migration) {
+                console.warn(
+                    `Missing migration from version ${version} to ${version + 1} for ${component.type}`
+                );
+                break;
+            }
+
+            migratedData.data = migration(migratedData.data, version, version + 1);
+            version++;
+        }
+
+        migratedData.version = version;
+        return migratedData;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 迁移场景数据
+     *
+     * @param scene 序列化的场景数据
+     * @param targetVersion 目标版本号
+     * @returns 迁移后的场景数据
+     */
+    public static migrateScene(scene: SerializedScene, targetVersion: number): SerializedScene {
+        const currentVersion = scene.version;
+
+        if (currentVersion === targetVersion) {
+            return scene; // 版本相同，无需迁移
+        }
+
+        let migratedScene = { ...scene };
+        let version = currentVersion;
+
+        // 执行场景级迁移
+        while (version < targetVersion) {
+            const migration = this.sceneMigrations.get(version);
+
+            if (!migration) {
+                console.warn(`Missing scene migration from version ${version} to ${version + 1}`);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            migratedScene = migration(migratedScene, version, version + 1);
+            version++;
+        }
+
+        migratedScene.version = version;
+
+        // 迁移所有组件
+        migratedScene = this.migrateSceneComponents(migratedScene);
+
+        return migratedScene;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 迁移场景中所有组件的版本
+     */
+    private static migrateSceneComponents(scene: SerializedScene): SerializedScene {
+        const migratedScene = { ...scene };
+
+        migratedScene.entities = scene.entities.map(entity => ({
+            ...entity,
+            components: entity.components.map(component => {
+                // 查找组件的目标版本
+                const typeInfo = scene.componentTypeRegistry.find(
+                    t => t.typeName === component.type
+                );
+
+                if (typeInfo && typeInfo.version !== component.version) {
+                    return this.migrateComponent(component, typeInfo.version);
+                }
+
+                return component;
+            }),
+            children: this.migrateEntitiesComponents(entity.children, scene.componentTypeRegistry)
+        }));
+
+        return migratedScene;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 递归迁移实体的组件
+     */
+    private static migrateEntitiesComponents(
+        entities: any[],
+        typeRegistry: Array<{ typeName: string; version: number }>
+    ): any[] {
+        return entities.map(entity => ({
+            ...entity,
+            components: entity.components.map((component: SerializedComponent) => {
+                const typeInfo = typeRegistry.find(t => t.typeName === component.type);
+
+                if (typeInfo && typeInfo.version !== component.version) {
+                    return this.migrateComponent(component, typeInfo.version);
+                }
+
+                return component;
+            }),
+            children: this.migrateEntitiesComponents(entity.children, typeRegistry)
+        }));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清除所有迁移函数
+     */
+    public static clearMigrations(): void {
+        this.componentMigrations.clear();
+        this.sceneMigrations.clear();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取组件的迁移路径
+     *
+     * @param componentType 组件类型名称
+     * @returns 可用的迁移版本列表
+     */
+    public static getComponentMigrationPath(componentType: string): number[] {
+        const migrations = this.componentMigrations.get(componentType);
+        if (!migrations) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        return Array.from(migrations.keys()).sort((a, b) => a - b);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取场景的迁移路径
+     *
+     * @returns 可用的场景迁移版本列表
+     */
+    public static getSceneMigrationPath(): number[] {
+        return Array.from(this.sceneMigrations.keys()).sort((a, b) => a - b);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否可以迁移组件
+     *
+     * @param componentType 组件类型名称
+     * @param fromVersion 源版本
+     * @param toVersion 目标版本
+     * @returns 是否存在完整的迁移路径
+     */
+    public static canMigrateComponent(
+        componentType: string,
+        fromVersion: number,
+        toVersion: number
+    ): boolean {
+        if (fromVersion === toVersion) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        const migrations = this.componentMigrations.get(componentType);
+        if (!migrations) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // 检查是否存在完整的迁移路径
+        for (let v = fromVersion; v < toVersion; v++) {
+            if (!migrations.has(v)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否可以迁移场景
+     *
+     * @param fromVersion 源版本
+     * @param toVersion 目标版本
+     * @returns 是否存在完整的迁移路径
+     */
+    public static canMigrateScene(fromVersion: number, toVersion: number): boolean {
+        if (fromVersion === toVersion) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // 检查是否存在完整的场景迁移路径
+        for (let v = fromVersion; v < toVersion; v++) {
+            if (!this.sceneMigrations.has(v)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 便捷的迁移构建器
+ *
+ * 提供链式API来定义迁移
+ */
+export class MigrationBuilder {
+    private componentType?: string;
+    private fromVersion: number = 1;
+    private toVersion: number = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * 设置组件类型
+     */
+    public forComponent(componentType: string): this {
+        this.componentType = componentType;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置版本范围
+     */
+    public fromVersionToVersion(from: number, to: number): this {
+        this.fromVersion = from;
+        this.toVersion = to;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 注册迁移函数
+     */
+    public migrate(migration: ComponentMigrationFunction | SceneMigrationFunction): void {
+        if (this.componentType) {
+            VersionMigrationManager.registerComponentMigration(
+                this.componentType,
+                this.fromVersion,
+                this.toVersion,
+                migration as ComponentMigrationFunction
+            );
+        } else {
+            VersionMigrationManager.registerSceneMigration(
+                this.fromVersion,
+                this.toVersion,
+                migration as SceneMigrationFunction
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Serialization/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/**
+ * ECS序列化系统
+ *
+ * 提供完整的场景、实体和组件序列化支持
+ */
+
+// 装饰器
+export {
+    Serializable,
+    Serialize,
+    SerializeAsMap,
+    SerializeAsSet,
+    IgnoreSerialization,
+    getSerializationMetadata,
+    isSerializable,
+    SERIALIZABLE_METADATA,
+    SERIALIZE_FIELD,
+    SERIALIZE_OPTIONS
+} from './SerializationDecorators';
+
+export type {
+    SerializableOptions,
+    FieldSerializeOptions,
+    SerializationMetadata
+} from './SerializationDecorators';
+
+// 组件序列化器
+export { ComponentSerializer } from './ComponentSerializer';
+export type { SerializedComponent } from './ComponentSerializer';
+
+// 实体序列化器
+export { EntitySerializer } from './EntitySerializer';
+export type { SerializedEntity } from './EntitySerializer';
+
+// 场景序列化器
+export { SceneSerializer } from './SceneSerializer';
+export type {
+    SerializedScene,
+    SerializationFormat,
+    DeserializationStrategy,
+    MigrationFunction,
+    SceneSerializationOptions,
+    SceneDeserializationOptions
+} from './SceneSerializer';
+
+// 版本迁移
+export { VersionMigrationManager, MigrationBuilder } from './VersionMigration';
+export type {
+    ComponentMigrationFunction,
+    SceneMigrationFunction
+} from './VersionMigration';
+
+// 增量序列化
+export { IncrementalSerializer, ChangeOperation } from './IncrementalSerializer';
+export type {
+    IncrementalSnapshot,
+    IncrementalSerializationOptions,
+    IncrementalSerializationFormat,
+    EntityChange,
+    ComponentChange,
+    SceneDataChange
+} from './IncrementalSerializer';

packages/core/src/ECS/Systems/EntitySystem.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import type { QuerySystem } from '../Core/QuerySystem';
 import { getSystemInstanceTypeName } from '../Decorators';
 import { createLogger } from '../../Utils/Logger';
 import type { EventListenerConfig, TypeSafeEventSystem, EventHandler } from '../Core/EventSystem';
+import type { ComponentConstructor, ComponentInstance } from '../../Types/TypeHelpers';
+import type { IService } from '../../Core/ServiceContainer';
 
 /**
  * 事件监听器记录
@@ -21,17 +23,22 @@ interface EventListenerRecord {
 
 /**
  * 实体系统的基类
- * 
+ *
  * 用于处理一组符合特定条件的实体。系统是ECS架构中的逻辑处理单元，
  * 负责对拥有特定组件组合的实体执行业务逻辑。
- * 
+ *
+ * 支持泛型参数以提供类型安全的组件访问：
+ *
+ * @template TComponents - 系统需要的组件类型数组
+ *
  * @example
  * ```typescript
+ * // 传统方式
  * class MovementSystem extends EntitySystem {
  *     constructor() {
- *         super(Transform, Velocity);
+ *         super(Matcher.empty().all(Transform, Velocity));
  *     }
- * 
+ *
  *     protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
  *         for (const entity of entities) {
  *             const transform = entity.getComponent(Transform);
@@ -40,12 +47,29 @@ interface EventListenerRecord {
  *         }
  *     }
  * }
+ *
+ * // 类型安全方式
+ * class MovementSystem extends EntitySystem<[typeof Transform, typeof Velocity]> {
+ *     constructor() {
+ *         super(Matcher.empty().all(Transform, Velocity));
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+ *         for (const entity of entities) {
+ *             // 类型安全的组件访问
+ *             const [transform, velocity] = this.getComponents(entity);
+ *             transform.position.add(velocity.value);
+ *         }
+ *     }
+ * }
  * ```
  */
-export abstract class EntitySystem implements ISystemBase {
+export abstract class EntitySystem<
+    TComponents extends readonly ComponentConstructor[] = []
+> implements ISystemBase, IService {
     private _updateOrder: number;
     private _enabled: boolean;
-    private _performanceMonitor: PerformanceMonitor;
+    private _performanceMonitor: PerformanceMonitor | null;
     private _systemName: string;
     private _initialized: boolean;
     private _matcher: Matcher;
@@ -125,7 +149,7 @@ export abstract class EntitySystem implements ISystemBase {
     constructor(matcher?: Matcher) {
         this._updateOrder = 0;
         this._enabled = true;
-        this._performanceMonitor = PerformanceMonitor.instance;
+        this._performanceMonitor = null;
         this._systemName = getSystemInstanceTypeName(this);
         this._initialized = false;
         this._matcher = matcher || Matcher.empty();
@@ -169,6 +193,23 @@ export abstract class EntitySystem implements ISystemBase {
         this._scene = value;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 设置性能监控器
+     */
+    public setPerformanceMonitor(monitor: PerformanceMonitor): void {
+        this._performanceMonitor = monitor;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取性能监控器
+     */
+    private getPerformanceMonitor(): PerformanceMonitor {
+        if (!this._performanceMonitor) {
+            throw new Error(`${this._systemName}: PerformanceMonitor未注入，请确保在Core.create()之后再添加System到Scene`);
+        }
+        return this._performanceMonitor;
+    }
+
     /**
      * 获取实体匹配器
      */
@@ -182,9 +223,6 @@ export abstract class EntitySystem implements ISystemBase {
      */
     public setUpdateOrder(order: number): void {
         this._updateOrder = order;
-        if (this.scene && this.scene.entityProcessors) {
-            this.scene.entityProcessors.setDirty();
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -510,18 +548,20 @@ export abstract class EntitySystem implements ISystemBase {
             return;
         }
 
-        const startTime = this._performanceMonitor.startMonitoring(this._systemName);
+        const monitor = this.getPerformanceMonitor();
+        const startTime = monitor.startMonitoring(this._systemName);
         let entityCount = 0;
 
         try {
             this.onBegin();
             // 查询实体并存储到帧缓存中
+            // 响应式查询会自动维护最新的实体列表，updateEntityTracking会在检测到变化时invalidate
             this._entityCache.frame = this.queryEntities();
             entityCount = this._entityCache.frame.length;
 
             this.process(this._entityCache.frame);
         } finally {
-            this._performanceMonitor.endMonitoring(this._systemName, startTime, entityCount);
+            monitor.endMonitoring(this._systemName, startTime, entityCount);
         }
     }
 
@@ -533,7 +573,8 @@ export abstract class EntitySystem implements ISystemBase {
             return;
         }
 
-        const startTime = this._performanceMonitor.startMonitoring(`${this._systemName}_Late`);
+        const monitor = this.getPerformanceMonitor();
+        const startTime = monitor.startMonitoring(`${this._systemName}_Late`);
         let entityCount = 0;
 
         try {
@@ -543,7 +584,7 @@ export abstract class EntitySystem implements ISystemBase {
             this.lateProcess(entities);
             this.onEnd();
         } finally {
-            this._performanceMonitor.endMonitoring(`${this._systemName}_Late`, startTime, entityCount);
+            monitor.endMonitoring(`${this._systemName}_Late`, startTime, entityCount);
             // 清理帧缓存
             this._entityCache.clearFrame();
         }
@@ -603,27 +644,27 @@ export abstract class EntitySystem implements ISystemBase {
 
     /**
      * 获取系统的性能数据
-     * 
+     *
      * @returns 性能数据或undefined
      */
     public getPerformanceData() {
-        return this._performanceMonitor.getSystemData(this._systemName);
+        return this.getPerformanceMonitor().getSystemData(this._systemName);
     }
 
     /**
      * 获取系统的性能统计
-     * 
+     *
      * @returns 性能统计或undefined
      */
     public getPerformanceStats() {
-        return this._performanceMonitor.getSystemStats(this._systemName);
+        return this.getPerformanceMonitor().getSystemStats(this._systemName);
     }
 
     /**
      * 重置系统的性能数据
      */
     public resetPerformanceData(): void {
-        this._performanceMonitor.resetSystem(this._systemName);
+        this.getPerformanceMonitor().resetSystem(this._systemName);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -683,15 +724,43 @@ export abstract class EntitySystem implements ISystemBase {
 
     /**
      * 当实体从系统中移除时调用
-     * 
+     *
      * 子类可以重写此方法来处理实体移除事件。
-     * 
+     *
      * @param entity 被移除的实体
      */
     protected onRemoved(entity: Entity): void {
         // 子类可以重写此方法
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 释放系统资源
+     *
+     * 实现IService接口要求的dispose方法。
+     * 当系统从Scene中移除或Scene销毁时调用。
+     *
+     * 默认行为：
+     * - 移除所有事件监听器
+     * - 清空所有缓存
+     * - 重置初始化状态
+     *
+     * 子类可以重写此方法来清理自定义资源，但应该调用super.dispose()。
+     */
+    public dispose(): void {
+        // 移除所有事件监听器
+        this.cleanupManualEventListeners();
+
+        // 清空所有缓存
+        this._entityCache.clearAll();
+        this._entityIdMap = null;
+
+        // 重置状态
+        this._initialized = false;
+        this._scene = null;
+
+        this.logger.debug(`System ${this._systemName} disposed`);
+    }
+
     /**
      * 添加事件监听器
      *
@@ -793,4 +862,235 @@ export abstract class EntitySystem implements ISystemBase {
     protected onDestroy(): void {
         // 子类可以重写此方法进行清理操作
     }
+
+    // ============================================================
+    // 类型安全的辅助方法
+    // ============================================================
+
+    /**
+     * 类型安全地获取单个组件
+     *
+     * 相比Entity.getComponent，此方法保证返回非空值，
+     * 如果组件不存在会抛出错误而不是返回null
+     *
+     * @param entity 实体
+     * @param componentType 组件类型
+     * @returns 组件实例（保证非空）
+     * @throws 如果组件不存在则抛出错误
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+     *     for (const entity of entities) {
+     *         const transform = this.requireComponent(entity, Transform);
+     *         // transform 保证非空，类型为 Transform
+     *     }
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    protected requireComponent<T extends ComponentConstructor>(
+        entity: Entity,
+        componentType: T
+    ): ComponentInstance<T> {
+        const component = entity.getComponent(componentType as any);
+        if (!component) {
+            throw new Error(
+                `Component ${componentType.name} not found on entity ${entity.name} in ${this.systemName}`
+            );
+        }
+        return component as ComponentInstance<T>;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 批量获取实体的所有必需组件
+     *
+     * 根据泛型参数TComponents推断返回类型，
+     * 返回一个元组，包含所有组件实例
+     *
+     * @param entity 实体
+     * @param components 组件类型数组
+     * @returns 组件实例元组
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * class MySystem extends EntitySystem<[typeof Position, typeof Velocity]> {
+     *     protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+     *         for (const entity of entities) {
+     *             const [pos, vel] = this.getComponents(entity, Position, Velocity);
+     *             // pos: Position, vel: Velocity (自动类型推断)
+     *             pos.x += vel.x;
+     *         }
+     *     }
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    protected getComponents<T extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]>(
+        entity: Entity,
+        ...components: T
+    ): { [K in keyof T]: ComponentInstance<T[K]> } {
+        return components.map((type) =>
+            this.requireComponent(entity, type)
+        ) as any;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 遍历实体并处理每个实体
+     *
+     * 提供更简洁的语法糖，避免手动遍历
+     *
+     * @param entities 实体列表
+     * @param processor 处理函数
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+     *     this.forEach(entities, (entity) => {
+     *         const transform = this.requireComponent(entity, Transform);
+     *         transform.position.y -= 9.8 * Time.deltaTime;
+     *     });
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    protected forEach(
+        entities: readonly Entity[],
+        processor: (entity: Entity, index: number) => void
+    ): void {
+        for (let i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+            processor(entities[i], i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 过滤实体
+     *
+     * @param entities 实体列表
+     * @param predicate 过滤条件
+     * @returns 过滤后的实体数组
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+     *     const activeEntities = this.filterEntities(entities, (entity) => {
+     *         const health = this.requireComponent(entity, Health);
+     *         return health.value > 0;
+     *     });
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    protected filterEntities(
+        entities: readonly Entity[],
+        predicate: (entity: Entity, index: number) => boolean
+    ): Entity[] {
+        return Array.from(entities).filter(predicate);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 映射实体到另一种类型
+     *
+     * @param entities 实体列表
+     * @param mapper 映射函数
+     * @returns 映射后的结果数组
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+     *     const positions = this.mapEntities(entities, (entity) => {
+     *         const transform = this.requireComponent(entity, Transform);
+     *         return transform.position;
+     *     });
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    protected mapEntities<R>(
+        entities: readonly Entity[],
+        mapper: (entity: Entity, index: number) => R
+    ): R[] {
+        return Array.from(entities).map(mapper);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 查找第一个满足条件的实体
+     *
+     * @param entities 实体列表
+     * @param predicate 查找条件
+     * @returns 第一个满足条件的实体，或undefined
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+     *     const player = this.findEntity(entities, (entity) =>
+     *         entity.hasComponent(PlayerTag)
+     *     );
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    protected findEntity(
+        entities: readonly Entity[],
+        predicate: (entity: Entity, index: number) => boolean
+    ): Entity | undefined {
+        for (let i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+            if (predicate(entities[i], i)) {
+                return entities[i];
+            }
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否存在满足条件的实体
+     *
+     * @param entities 实体列表
+     * @param predicate 检查条件
+     * @returns 是否存在满足条件的实体
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+     *     const hasLowHealth = this.someEntity(entities, (entity) => {
+     *         const health = this.requireComponent(entity, Health);
+     *         return health.value < 20;
+     *     });
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    protected someEntity(
+        entities: readonly Entity[],
+        predicate: (entity: Entity, index: number) => boolean
+    ): boolean {
+        for (let i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+            if (predicate(entities[i], i)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否所有实体都满足条件
+     *
+     * @param entities 实体列表
+     * @param predicate 检查条件
+     * @returns 是否所有实体都满足条件
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * protected process(entities: readonly Entity[]): void {
+     *     const allHealthy = this.everyEntity(entities, (entity) => {
+     *         const health = this.requireComponent(entity, Health);
+     *         return health.value > 50;
+     *     });
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    protected everyEntity(
+        entities: readonly Entity[],
+        predicate: (entity: Entity, index: number) => boolean
+    ): boolean {
+        for (let i = 0; i < entities.length; i++) {
+            if (!predicate(entities[i], i)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
 }

packages/core/src/ECS/Systems/WorkerEntitySystem.ts

@@ -198,6 +198,7 @@ export abstract class WorkerEntitySystem<TEntityData = any> extends EntitySystem
     protected sharedBuffer: SharedArrayBuffer | null = null;
     protected sharedFloatArray: Float32Array | null = null;
     private platformAdapter: IPlatformAdapter;
+    private hasLoggedSyncMode = false; 
 
     constructor(matcher?: Matcher, config: WorkerSystemConfig = {}) {
         super(matcher);
@@ -449,7 +450,10 @@ export abstract class WorkerEntitySystem<TEntityData = any> extends EntitySystem
                 }
             } else {
                 // 同步处理（最后的fallback）
-                this.logger.info(`${this.systemName}: Worker不可用，使用同步处理`);
+                if (!this.hasLoggedSyncMode) {
+                    this.logger.info(`${this.systemName}: Worker不可用，使用同步处理`);
+                    this.hasLoggedSyncMode = true;
+                }
                 this.processSynchronously(entities);
                 this.isProcessing = false;
             }

packages/core/src/ECS/TypedEntity.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+/**
+ * Entity类型安全工具函数
+ *
+ * 提供类型安全的组件操作工具函数，无需修改Entity类
+ */
+
+import { Entity } from './Entity';
+import type { Component } from './Component';
+import type { ComponentType } from './Core/ComponentStorage';
+import type { ComponentConstructor, ComponentInstance } from '../Types/TypeHelpers';
+
+/**
+ * 获取组件，如果不存在则抛出错误
+ *
+ * @param entity - 实体实例
+ * @param componentType - 组件类型构造函数
+ * @returns 组件实例（保证非空）
+ * @throws {Error} 如果组件不存在
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const position = requireComponent(entity, Position);
+ * position.x += 10;
+ * ```
+ */
+export function requireComponent<T extends ComponentConstructor>(
+    entity: Entity,
+    componentType: T
+): ComponentInstance<T> {
+    const component = entity.getComponent(componentType as unknown as ComponentType<ComponentInstance<T>>);
+    if (!component) {
+        throw new Error(
+            `Component ${componentType.name} not found on entity ${entity.name} (id: ${entity.id})`
+        );
+    }
+    return component;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 尝试获取组件
+ *
+ * @param entity - 实体实例
+ * @param componentType - 组件类型构造函数
+ * @returns 组件实例或undefined
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const health = tryGetComponent(entity, Health);
+ * if (health) {
+ *     health.value -= 10;
+ * }
+ * ```
+ */
+export function tryGetComponent<T extends ComponentConstructor>(
+    entity: Entity,
+    componentType: T
+): ComponentInstance<T> | undefined {
+    const component = entity.getComponent(componentType as unknown as ComponentType<ComponentInstance<T>>);
+    return component !== null ? component : undefined;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 批量获取组件
+ *
+ * @param entity - 实体实例
+ * @param types - 组件类型构造函数数组
+ * @returns 组件实例元组，每个元素可能为null
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const [pos, vel, health] = getComponents(entity, Position, Velocity, Health);
+ * if (pos && vel && health) {
+ *     pos.x += vel.dx;
+ * }
+ * ```
+ */
+export function getComponents<T extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]>(
+    entity: Entity,
+    ...types: T
+): { [K in keyof T]: ComponentInstance<T[K]> | null } {
+    return types.map((type) =>
+        entity.getComponent(type as unknown as ComponentType<ComponentInstance<typeof type>>)
+    ) as { [K in keyof T]: ComponentInstance<T[K]> | null };
+}
+
+/**
+ * 检查实体是否拥有所有指定的组件
+ *
+ * @param entity - 实体实例
+ * @param types - 组件类型构造函数数组
+ * @returns 如果拥有所有组件返回true，否则返回false
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * if (hasComponents(entity, Position, Velocity)) {
+ *     const pos = entity.getComponent(Position)!;
+ *     const vel = entity.getComponent(Velocity)!;
+ * }
+ * ```
+ */
+export function hasComponents(entity: Entity, ...types: ComponentConstructor[]): boolean {
+    return types.every((type) => entity.hasComponent(type as unknown as ComponentType));
+}
+
+/**
+ * 检查实体是否拥有至少一个指定的组件
+ *
+ * @param entity - 实体实例
+ * @param types - 组件类型构造函数数组
+ * @returns 如果拥有任意一个组件返回true，否则返回false
+ */
+export function hasAnyComponent(entity: Entity, ...types: ComponentConstructor[]): boolean {
+    return types.some((type) => entity.hasComponent(type as unknown as ComponentType));
+}
+
+/**
+ * 添加组件并立即配置
+ *
+ * @param entity - 实体实例
+ * @param component - 组件实例
+ * @param configure - 配置回调函数
+ * @returns 实体实例（支持链式调用）
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * addAndConfigure(entity, new Health(), health => {
+ *     health.maxValue = 100;
+ *     health.value = 50;
+ * });
+ * ```
+ */
+export function addAndConfigure<T extends Component>(
+    entity: Entity,
+    component: T,
+    configure: (component: T) => void
+): Entity {
+    entity.addComponent(component);
+    configure(component);
+    return entity;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取或添加组件
+ *
+ * 如果组件已存在则返回现有组件，否则通过工厂函数创建并添加
+ *
+ * @param entity - 实体实例
+ * @param componentType - 组件类型构造函数
+ * @param factory - 组件工厂函数（仅在组件不存在时调用）
+ * @returns 组件实例
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const health = getOrAddComponent(entity, Health, () => new Health(100));
+ * ```
+ */
+export function getOrAddComponent<T extends ComponentConstructor>(
+    entity: Entity,
+    componentType: T,
+    factory: () => ComponentInstance<T>
+): ComponentInstance<T> {
+    let component = entity.getComponent(componentType as unknown as ComponentType<ComponentInstance<T>>);
+    if (!component) {
+        component = factory();
+        entity.addComponent(component);
+    }
+    return component;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 更新组件的部分字段
+ *
+ * @param entity - 实体实例
+ * @param componentType - 组件类型构造函数
+ * @param data - 要更新的部分数据
+ * @returns 如果更新成功返回true，组件不存在返回false
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * updateComponent(entity, Position, { x: 100 });
+ * ```
+ */
+export function updateComponent<T extends ComponentConstructor>(
+    entity: Entity,
+    componentType: T,
+    data: Partial<ComponentInstance<T>>
+): boolean {
+    const component = entity.getComponent(componentType as unknown as ComponentType<ComponentInstance<T>>);
+    if (!component) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    Object.assign(component, data);
+    return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 类型安全的实体构建器
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const player = buildEntity(scene.createEntity("Player"))
+ *     .with(new Position(100, 100))
+ *     .with(new Velocity(0, 0))
+ *     .withTag(1)
+ *     .build();
+ * ```
+ */
+export class TypedEntityBuilder {
+    private _entity: Entity;
+
+    constructor(entity: Entity) {
+        this._entity = entity;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 添加组件
+     */
+    with<T extends Component>(component: T): this {
+        this._entity.addComponent(component);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 添加并配置组件
+     */
+    withConfigured<T extends Component>(
+        component: T,
+        configure: (component: T) => void
+    ): this {
+        this._entity.addComponent(component);
+        configure(component);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置标签
+     */
+    withTag(tag: number): this {
+        this._entity.tag = tag;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置名称
+     */
+    withName(name: string): this {
+        this._entity.name = name;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置激活状态
+     */
+    withActive(active: boolean): this {
+        this._entity.active = active;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置启用状态
+     */
+    withEnabled(enabled: boolean): this {
+        this._entity.enabled = enabled;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置更新顺序
+     */
+    withUpdateOrder(order: number): this {
+        this._entity.updateOrder = order;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 添加子实体
+     */
+    withChild(child: Entity): this {
+        this._entity.addChild(child);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 完成构建
+     */
+    build(): Entity {
+        return this._entity;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取正在构建的实体
+     */
+    get entity(): Entity {
+        return this._entity;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 创建类型安全的实体构建器
+ *
+ * @param entity - 要包装的实体
+ * @returns 实体构建器
+ */
+export function buildEntity(entity: Entity): TypedEntityBuilder {
+    return new TypedEntityBuilder(entity);
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Utils/BigIntCompatibility.ts

@@ -1,31 +1,31 @@
+/**
+ * 位枚举
+ */
+export enum SegmentPart {
+    LOW = 0,
+    HIGH = 1,
+}
 /**
  * 基础 64 位段结构
+ * [低32位，高32位]
  */
-export interface BitMask64Segment {
-    /** 低32位（bit 0-31） */
-    lo: number;
-    /** 高32位（bit 32-63） */
-    hi: number;
-}
+export type BitMask64Segment = [number,number]
 
 /**
  * 位掩码数据结构
- * 基础模式（64位）：使用 lo + hi 存储 64 位，segments 为空
- * 扩展模式（128+位）：lo + hi 作为第一段，segments 存储额外的 64 位段
+ * 基础模式（64位）：使用 base[lo , hi] 存储 64 位，segments 为空
+ * 扩展模式（128+位）：base[lo , hi] 作为第一段，segments 存储额外的 64 位段
  * segments[0] 对应 bit 64-127，segments[1] 对应 bit 128-191，以此类推
  */
 export interface BitMask64Data {
-    /** 低32位（bit 0-31） */
-    lo: number;
-    /** 高32位（bit 32-63） */
-    hi: number;
+    base: BitMask64Segment;
     /** 扩展段数组，每个元素是一个 64 位段，用于超过 64 位的场景 */
     segments?: BitMask64Segment[];
 }
 
 export class BitMask64Utils {
     /** 零掩码常量，所有位都为0 */
-    public static readonly ZERO: BitMask64Data = { lo: 0, hi: 0 };
+    public static readonly ZERO: Readonly<BitMask64Data> = { base: [0, 0], segments: undefined };
 
     /**
      * 根据位索引创建64位掩码
@@ -34,15 +34,12 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      * @throws 当位索引超出范围时抛出错误
      */
     public static create(bitIndex: number): BitMask64Data {
-        if (bitIndex < 0 || bitIndex >= 64) {
-            throw new Error(`Bit index ${bitIndex} out of range [0, 63]`);
-        }
-        
-        if (bitIndex < 32) {
-            return { lo: 1 << bitIndex, hi: 0 };
-        } else {
-            return { lo: 0, hi: 1 << (bitIndex - 32) };
+        if (bitIndex < 0) {
+            throw new Error(`Bit index ${bitIndex} out of range [0, ∞)`);
         }
+        const mask: BitMask64Data = { base: [0, 0], segments: undefined };
+        BitMask64Utils.setBit(mask, bitIndex);
+        return mask;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -51,7 +48,7 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      * @returns 低32位为输入值、高32位为0的掩码
      */
     public static fromNumber(value: number): BitMask64Data {
-        return { lo: value >>> 0, hi: 0 };
+        return { base: [value >>> 0, 0], segments: undefined};
     }
 
     /**
@@ -61,75 +58,50 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      * @returns 如果掩码包含bits中的任意位则返回true
      */
     public static hasAny(mask: BitMask64Data, bits: BitMask64Data): boolean {
-        // 检查第一个 64 位段
-        if ((mask.lo & bits.lo) !== 0 || (mask.hi & bits.hi) !== 0) {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        // 如果 bits 没有扩展段，检查完成
-        if (!bits.segments || bits.segments.length === 0) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        // 如果 bits 有扩展段但 mask 没有，返回 false
-        if (!mask.segments || mask.segments.length === 0) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        // 检查每个扩展段
-        const minSegments = Math.min(mask.segments.length, bits.segments.length);
-        for (let i = 0; i < minSegments; i++) {
-            const maskSeg = mask.segments[i];
-            const bitsSeg = bits.segments[i];
-            if ((maskSeg.lo & bitsSeg.lo) !== 0 || (maskSeg.hi & bitsSeg.hi) !== 0) {
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-
-        return false;
+        const bitsBase = bits.base;
+        const maskBase = mask.base;
+        const bitsSegments = bits.segments;
+        const maskSegments = mask.segments;
+        const baseHasAny = (maskBase[SegmentPart.LOW] & bitsBase[SegmentPart.LOW]) !== 0 || (maskBase[SegmentPart.HIGH] & bitsBase[SegmentPart.HIGH]) !== 0;
+        // 基础区段就包含指定的位,或任意一个参数不含扩展区段，直接短路
+        if(baseHasAny || !bitsSegments || !maskSegments) return baseHasAny;
+        // 额外检查扩展区域是否包含指定的位 - 如果bitsSegments[index]不存在，会被转为NaN，NaN的位运算始终返回0
+        return maskSegments.some((seg, index) => (seg[SegmentPart.LOW] & bitsSegments[index][SegmentPart.LOW]) !== 0 || (seg[SegmentPart.HIGH] & bitsSegments[index][SegmentPart.HIGH]) !== 0)
     }
 
     /**
      * 检查掩码是否包含所有指定的位
-     * 支持扩展模式，自动处理超过 64 位的掩码
      * @param mask 要检查的掩码
      * @param bits 指定的位模式
      * @returns 如果掩码包含bits中的所有位则返回true
      */
     public static hasAll(mask: BitMask64Data, bits: BitMask64Data): boolean {
-        // 检查第一个 64 位段
-        if ((mask.lo & bits.lo) !== bits.lo || (mask.hi & bits.hi) !== bits.hi) {
-            return false;
-        }
+        const maskBase = mask.base;
+        const bitsBase = bits.base;
+        const maskSegments = mask.segments;
+        const bitsSegments = bits.segments;
+        const baseHasAll = (maskBase[SegmentPart.LOW] & bitsBase[SegmentPart.LOW]) === bitsBase[SegmentPart.LOW] && (maskBase[SegmentPart.HIGH] & bitsBase[SegmentPart.HIGH]) === bitsBase[SegmentPart.HIGH];
+        // 基础区域就不包含指定的位，或bits没有扩展区段，直接短路。
+        if(!baseHasAll || !bitsSegments) return baseHasAll;
 
-        // 如果 bits 没有扩展段，检查完成
-        if (!bits.segments || bits.segments.length === 0) {
-            return true;
+        // 扩展区段的hasAll匹配逻辑
+        const maskSegmentsLength = maskSegments?.length ?? 0;
+        // 对mask/bits中都存在的区段，进行hasAll判断
+        if(maskSegments){
+            for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(maskSegmentsLength,bitsSegments.length); i++) {
+                if((maskSegments[i][SegmentPart.LOW] & bitsSegments[i][SegmentPart.LOW]) !== bitsSegments[i][SegmentPart.LOW] || (maskSegments[i][SegmentPart.HIGH] & bitsSegments[i][SegmentPart.HIGH]) !== bitsSegments[i][SegmentPart.HIGH]){
+                    // 存在不匹配的位，直接短路
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
         }
-
-        // 如果 bits 有扩展段但 mask 没有，返回 false
-        if (!mask.segments || mask.segments.length === 0) {
-            // 检查 bits 的扩展段是否全为 0
-            return bits.segments.every(seg => BitMask64Utils.isZero(seg));
-        }
-
-        // 检查每个扩展段
-        const minSegments = Math.min(mask.segments.length, bits.segments.length);
-        for (let i = 0; i < minSegments; i++) {
-            const maskSeg = mask.segments[i];
-            const bitsSeg = bits.segments[i];
-            if ((maskSeg.lo & bitsSeg.lo) !== bitsSeg.lo || (maskSeg.hi & bitsSeg.hi) !== bitsSeg.hi) {
+        // 对mask中不存在，但bits中存在的区段，进行isZero判断
+        for (let i = maskSegmentsLength; i < bitsSegments.length; i++) {
+            if(bitsSegments[i][SegmentPart.LOW] !== 0 || bitsSegments[i][SegmentPart.HIGH] !== 0){
+                // 存在不为0的区段，直接短路
                 return false;
             }
         }
-
-        // 如果 bits 有更多段，检查这些段是否为空
-        for (let i = minSegments; i < bits.segments.length; i++) {
-            if (!BitMask64Utils.isZero(bits.segments[i])) {
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
-
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -140,7 +112,15 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      * @returns 如果掩码不包含bits中的任何位则返回true
      */
     public static hasNone(mask: BitMask64Data, bits: BitMask64Data): boolean {
-        return (mask.lo & bits.lo) === 0 && (mask.hi & bits.hi) === 0;
+        const maskBase = mask.base;
+        const bitsBase = bits.base;
+        const maskSegments = mask.segments;
+        const bitsSegments = bits.segments;
+        const baseHasNone = (maskBase[SegmentPart.LOW] & bitsBase[SegmentPart.LOW]) === 0 && (maskBase[SegmentPart.HIGH] & bitsBase[SegmentPart.HIGH]) === 0;
+        //不含扩展区域，或基础区域就包含指定的位，或bits不含拓展区段，直接短路。
+        if(!maskSegments || !baseHasNone || !bitsSegments) return baseHasNone;
+        // 额外检查扩展区域是否都包含指定的位 - 此时bitsSegments存在,如果bitsSegments[index]不存在，会被转为NaN，NaN的位运算始终返回0
+        return maskSegments.every((seg, index) => (seg[SegmentPart.LOW] & bitsSegments[index][SegmentPart.LOW]) === 0 && (seg[SegmentPart.HIGH] & bitsSegments[index][SegmentPart.HIGH]) === 0);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -148,8 +128,14 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      * @param mask 要检查的掩码
      * @returns 如果掩码所有位都为0则返回true
      */
-    public static isZero(mask: BitMask64Data | BitMask64Segment): boolean {
-        return mask.lo === 0 && mask.hi === 0;
+    public static isZero(mask: BitMask64Data): boolean {
+        const baseIsZero = mask.base[SegmentPart.LOW] === 0 && mask.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] === 0;
+        if(!mask.segments || !baseIsZero){
+            // 不含扩展区域，或基础区域值就不为0，直接短路
+            return baseIsZero;
+        }
+        // 额外检查扩展区域是否都为0
+        return mask.segments.every(seg => seg[SegmentPart.LOW] === 0 && seg[SegmentPart.HIGH] === 0);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -159,42 +145,82 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      * @returns 如果两个掩码完全相等则返回true
      */
     public static equals(a: BitMask64Data, b: BitMask64Data): boolean {
-        return a.lo === b.lo && a.hi === b.hi;
+        let baseEquals = a.base[SegmentPart.LOW] === b.base[SegmentPart.LOW] && a.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] === b.base[SegmentPart.HIGH];
+        // base不相等，或ab都没有扩展区域位，直接返回base比较结果
+        if(!baseEquals || (!a.segments && !b.segments)) return baseEquals;
+        // 不能假设a，b的segments都存在或长度相同.
+        const aSegments = a.segments ?? [];
+        const bSegments = b.segments ?? [];
+        for (let i = 0; i < Math.max(aSegments.length, bSegments.length); i++) {
+            const aSeg: BitMask64Segment | undefined = aSegments[i]; // 可能为undefined
+            const bSeg: BitMask64Segment | undefined = bSegments[i]; // 可能为undefined
+            if(aSeg && !bSeg){
+                //bSeg不存在，则必须要求aSeg全为0
+                if(aSeg[SegmentPart.LOW] !== 0 || aSeg[SegmentPart.HIGH] !== 0) return false;
+            }else if(!aSeg && bSeg){
+                //aSeg不存在，则必须要求bSeg全为0
+                if(bSeg[SegmentPart.LOW] !== 0 || bSeg[SegmentPart.HIGH] !== 0) return false;
+            }else{
+                //理想状态：aSeg/bSeg都存在
+                if(aSeg[SegmentPart.LOW] !== bSeg[SegmentPart.LOW] || aSeg[SegmentPart.HIGH] !== bSeg[SegmentPart.HIGH]) return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
     }
 
     /**
-     * 设置掩码中指定位为1
+     * 设置掩码中指定位为1，必要时自动扩展
      * @param mask 要修改的掩码（原地修改）
-     * @param bitIndex 位索引，范围 [0, 63]
+     * @param bitIndex 位索引，不小于零
      * @throws 当位索引超出范围时抛出错误
      */
     public static setBit(mask: BitMask64Data, bitIndex: number): void {
-        if (bitIndex < 0 || bitIndex >= 64) {
+        if (bitIndex < 0) {
             throw new Error(`Bit index ${bitIndex} out of range [0, 63]`);
         }
-        
-        if (bitIndex < 32) {
-            mask.lo |= (1 << bitIndex);
+        const targetSeg = BitMask64Utils.getSegmentByBitIndex(mask, bitIndex)!;
+        const mod = bitIndex & 63; // bitIndex % 64 优化方案
+        if(mod < 32){
+            targetSeg[SegmentPart.LOW] |= (1 << mod);
         } else {
-            mask.hi |= (1 << (bitIndex - 32));
+            targetSeg[SegmentPart.HIGH] |= (1 << (mod - 32));
         }
     }
 
     /**
-     * 清除掩码中指定位为0
+     * 获取掩码中指定位，如果位超出当前掩码的区段长度，则直接返回0
+     * @param mask 掩码
+     * @param bitIndex 位索引，不小于零
+     */
+    public static getBit(mask: BitMask64Data, bitIndex: number): boolean {
+        if (bitIndex < 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const targetSeg = BitMask64Utils.getSegmentByBitIndex(mask, bitIndex, false);
+        if(!targetSeg) return false;
+        const mod = bitIndex & 63; // bitIndex % 64 优化方案
+        if(mod < 32){
+            return (targetSeg[SegmentPart.LOW] & (1 << mod)) !== 0;
+        } else {
+            return (targetSeg[SegmentPart.HIGH] & (1 << (mod - 32))) !== 0;
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * 清除掩码中指定位为0，如果位超出当前掩码的区段长度，则什么也不做
      * @param mask 要修改的掩码（原地修改）
-     * @param bitIndex 位索引，范围 [0, 63]
-     * @throws 当位索引超出范围时抛出错误
+     * @param bitIndex 位索引，不小于0
      */
     public static clearBit(mask: BitMask64Data, bitIndex: number): void {
-        if (bitIndex < 0 || bitIndex >= 64) {
+        if (bitIndex < 0) {
             throw new Error(`Bit index ${bitIndex} out of range [0, 63]`);
         }
-        
-        if (bitIndex < 32) {
-            mask.lo &= ~(1 << bitIndex);
+        const targetSeg = BitMask64Utils.getSegmentByBitIndex(mask, bitIndex, false);
+        if(!targetSeg) return;
+        const mod = bitIndex & 63; // bitIndex % 64 优化方案
+        if(mod < 32){
+            targetSeg[SegmentPart.LOW] &= ~(1 << mod);
         } else {
-            mask.hi &= ~(1 << (bitIndex - 32));
+            targetSeg[SegmentPart.HIGH] &= ~(1 << (mod - 32));
         }
     }
 
@@ -204,24 +230,26 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      * @param other 用于按位或的掩码
      */
     public static orInPlace(target: BitMask64Data, other: BitMask64Data): void {
-        target.lo |= other.lo;
-        target.hi |= other.hi;
+        target.base[SegmentPart.LOW] |= other.base[SegmentPart.LOW];
+        target.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] |= other.base[SegmentPart.HIGH];
 
         // 处理扩展段
-        if (other.segments && other.segments.length > 0) {
+        const otherSegments = other.segments;
+        if (otherSegments && otherSegments.length > 0) {
             if (!target.segments) {
                 target.segments = [];
             }
+            const targetSegments = target.segments;
 
             // 确保 target 有足够的段
-            while (target.segments.length < other.segments.length) {
-                target.segments.push({ lo: 0, hi: 0 });
+            while (targetSegments.length < otherSegments.length) {
+                targetSegments.push([0, 0]);
             }
 
             // 对每个段执行或操作
-            for (let i = 0; i < other.segments.length; i++) {
-                target.segments[i].lo |= other.segments[i].lo;
-                target.segments[i].hi |= other.segments[i].hi;
+            for (let i = 0; i < otherSegments.length; i++) {
+                targetSegments[i][SegmentPart.LOW] |= otherSegments[i][SegmentPart.LOW];
+                targetSegments[i][SegmentPart.HIGH] |= otherSegments[i][SegmentPart.HIGH];
             }
         }
     }
@@ -232,8 +260,27 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      * @param other 用于按位与的掩码
      */
     public static andInPlace(target: BitMask64Data, other: BitMask64Data): void {
-        target.lo &= other.lo;
-        target.hi &= other.hi;
+        target.base[SegmentPart.LOW] &= other.base[SegmentPart.LOW];
+        target.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] &= other.base[SegmentPart.HIGH];
+
+        // 处理扩展段
+        const otherSegments = other.segments;
+        if (otherSegments && otherSegments.length > 0) {
+            if (!target.segments) {
+                target.segments = [];
+            }
+            const targetSegments = target.segments;
+            // 确保 target 有足够的段
+            while (targetSegments.length < otherSegments.length) {
+                targetSegments.push([0, 0]);
+            }
+
+            // 对每个段执行与操作
+            for (let i = 0; i < otherSegments.length; i++) {
+                targetSegments[i][SegmentPart.LOW] &= otherSegments[i][SegmentPart.LOW];
+                targetSegments[i][SegmentPart.HIGH] &= otherSegments[i][SegmentPart.HIGH];
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -242,8 +289,25 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      * @param other 用于按位异或的掩码
      */
     public static xorInPlace(target: BitMask64Data, other: BitMask64Data): void {
-        target.lo ^= other.lo;
-        target.hi ^= other.hi;
+        target.base[SegmentPart.LOW] ^= other.base[SegmentPart.LOW];
+        target.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] ^= other.base[SegmentPart.HIGH];
+
+        // 处理扩展段
+        const otherSegments = other.segments;
+        if (!otherSegments || otherSegments.length == 0) return;
+        if (!target.segments) target.segments = [];
+
+        const targetSegments = target.segments;
+        // 确保 target 有足够的段
+        while (targetSegments.length < otherSegments.length) {
+            targetSegments.push([0, 0]);
+        }
+
+        // 对每个段执行异或操作
+        for (let i = 0; i < otherSegments.length; i++) {
+            targetSegments[i][SegmentPart.LOW] ^= otherSegments[i][SegmentPart.LOW];
+            targetSegments[i][SegmentPart.HIGH] ^= otherSegments[i][SegmentPart.HIGH];
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -251,18 +315,43 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      * @param mask 要清除的掩码（原地修改）
      */
     public static clear(mask: BitMask64Data): void {
-        mask.lo = 0;
-        mask.hi = 0;
+        mask.base[SegmentPart.LOW] = 0;
+        mask.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] = 0;
+        for (let i = 0; i < (mask.segments?.length ?? 0); i++) {
+            const seg = mask.segments![i];
+            seg[SegmentPart.LOW] = 0;
+            seg[SegmentPart.HIGH] = 0;
+        }
     }
 
     /**
-     * 将源掩码的值复制到目标掩码
+     * 将源掩码的值复制到目标掩码，如果source包含扩展段，则target也会至少扩展到source扩展段的长度
      * @param source 源掩码
      * @param target 目标掩码（原地修改）
      */
     public static copy(source: BitMask64Data, target: BitMask64Data): void {
-        target.lo = source.lo;
-        target.hi = source.hi;
+        BitMask64Utils.clear(target);
+        target.base[SegmentPart.LOW] = source.base[SegmentPart.LOW];
+        target.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] = source.base[SegmentPart.HIGH];
+        // source没有扩展段，直接退出
+        if(!source.segments || source.segments.length == 0) return;
+        // 没有拓展段,则直接复制数组
+        if(!target.segments){
+            target.segments = source.segments.map(seg => [...seg]);
+            return;
+        }
+        // source有扩展段，target扩展段不足，则补充长度
+        const copyLength = source.segments.length - target.segments.length;
+        for (let i = 0; i < copyLength; i++) {
+            target.segments.push([0,0]);
+        }
+        // 逐个重写
+        for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            const targetSeg = target.segments![i];
+            const sourSeg = source.segments![i];
+            targetSeg[SegmentPart.LOW] = sourSeg[SegmentPart.LOW];
+            targetSeg[SegmentPart.HIGH] = sourSeg[SegmentPart.HIGH];
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -271,36 +360,65 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      * @returns 新的掩码对象，内容与源掩码相同
      */
     public static clone(mask: BitMask64Data): BitMask64Data {
-        return { lo: mask.lo, hi: mask.hi };
+        return {
+            base: mask.base.slice() as BitMask64Segment,
+            segments: mask.segments ? mask.segments.map(seg => [...seg]) : undefined
+        };
     }
 
     /**
-     * 将掩码转换为字符串表示
+     * 将掩码转换为字符串表示,每个区段之间将使用空格分割。
      * @param mask 要转换的掩码
-     * @param radix 进制，支持2（二进制）或16（十六进制），默认为2
+     * @param radix 进制，支持2（二进制）或16（十六进制），默认为2，其他的值被视为2
+     * @param printHead 打印头
      * @returns 掩码的字符串表示，二进制不带前缀，十六进制带0x前缀
-     * @throws 当进制不支持时抛出错误
      */
-    public static toString(mask: BitMask64Data, radix: number = 2): string {
-        if (radix === 2) {
-            if (mask.hi === 0) {
-                return mask.lo.toString(2);
-            } else {
-                const hiBits = mask.hi.toString(2);
-                const loBits = mask.lo.toString(2).padStart(32, '0');
-                return hiBits + loBits;
+    public static toString(mask: BitMask64Data, radix: 2 | 16 = 2, printHead: boolean = false): string {
+        if(radix != 2 && radix != 16) radix = 2;
+        const totalLength = mask.segments?.length ?? 0;
+        let result: string = '';
+        if(printHead){
+            let paddingLength = 0;
+            if(radix === 2){
+                paddingLength = 64 + 1 + 1;
+            }else{
+                paddingLength = 16 + 2 + 1;
             }
-        } else if (radix === 16) {
-            if (mask.hi === 0) {
-                return '0x' + mask.lo.toString(16).toUpperCase();
-            } else {
-                const hiBits = mask.hi.toString(16).toUpperCase();
-                const loBits = mask.lo.toString(16).toUpperCase().padStart(8, '0');
-                return '0x' + hiBits + loBits;
+            for (let i = 0; i <= totalLength; i++) {
+                const title = i === 0 ? '0 (Base):' : `${i} (${64 * i}):`;
+                result += title.toString().padEnd(paddingLength);
             }
-        } else {
-            throw new Error('Only radix 2 and 16 are supported');
+            result += '\n';
         }
+
+        for (let i = -1; i < totalLength; i++) {
+            let segResult = '';
+            const bitMaskData = i == -1 ? mask.base : mask.segments![i];
+            let hi = bitMaskData[SegmentPart.HIGH];
+            let lo = bitMaskData[SegmentPart.LOW];
+            if(radix == 2){
+                const hiBits = hi.toString(2).padStart(32, '0');
+                const loBits = lo.toString(2).padStart(32, '0');
+                segResult = hiBits + '_' + loBits; //高低位之间使用_隔离
+            }else{
+                let hiBits = hi ? hi.toString(16).toUpperCase() : '';
+                if(printHead){
+                    // 存在标头，则输出高位之前需要补齐位数
+                    hiBits = hiBits.padStart(8, '0');
+                }
+                let loBits = lo.toString(16).toUpperCase();
+                if(hiBits){
+                    // 存在高位 则输出低位之前需要补齐位数
+                    loBits = loBits.padStart(8, '0');
+                }
+                segResult = '0x' + hiBits + loBits;
+            }
+            if(i === -1)
+                result += segResult;
+            else
+                result += ' ' + segResult; // 不同段之间使用空格隔离
+        }
+        return result;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -310,126 +428,49 @@ export class BitMask64Utils {
      */
     public static popCount(mask: BitMask64Data): number {
         let count = 0;
-        let lo = mask.lo;
-        let hi = mask.hi;
-        
-        while (lo) {
-            lo &= lo - 1;
-            count++;
+        for (let i = -1; i < (mask.segments?.length ?? 0); i++) {
+            const bitMaskData = i == -1 ? mask.base : mask.segments![i];
+            let lo = bitMaskData[SegmentPart.LOW];
+            let hi = bitMaskData[SegmentPart.HIGH];
+            while (lo) {
+                lo &= lo - 1;
+                count++;
+            }
+            while (hi) {
+                hi &= hi - 1;
+                count++;
+            }
         }
-        
-        while (hi) {
-            hi &= hi - 1;
-            count++;
-        }
-
         return count;
     }
 
     /**
-     * 设置扩展位（支持超过 64 位的索引）
-     * @param mask 要修改的掩码（原地修改）
-     * @param bitIndex 位索引（可以超过 63）
+     * 获取包含目标位的BitMask64Segment
+     * @param mask 要操作的掩码
+     * @param bitIndex 目标位
+     * @param createNewSegment 如果bitIndex超过了当前范围，是否自动补充扩展区域，默认为真
+     * @private
      */
-    public static setBitExtended(mask: BitMask64Data, bitIndex: number): void {
-        if (bitIndex < 0) {
-            throw new Error('Bit index cannot be negative');
-        }
-
-        if (bitIndex < 64) {
-            BitMask64Utils.setBit(mask, bitIndex);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // 计算段索引和段内位索引
-        const segmentIndex = Math.floor(bitIndex / 64) - 1;
-        const localBitIndex = bitIndex % 64;
-
-        // 确保 segments 数组存在
-        if (!mask.segments) {
-            mask.segments = [];
-        }
-
-        // 扩展 segments 数组
-        while (mask.segments.length <= segmentIndex) {
-            mask.segments.push({ lo: 0, hi: 0 });
-        }
-
-        // 设置对应段的位
-        const segment = mask.segments[segmentIndex];
-        if (localBitIndex < 32) {
-            segment.lo |= (1 << localBitIndex);
-        } else {
-            segment.hi |= (1 << (localBitIndex - 32));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 获取扩展位（支持超过 64 位的索引）
-     * @param mask 要检查的掩码
-     * @param bitIndex 位索引（可以超过 63）
-     * @returns 如果位被设置则返回 true
-     */
-    public static getBitExtended(mask: BitMask64Data, bitIndex: number): boolean {
-        if (bitIndex < 0) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        if (bitIndex < 64) {
-            const testMask = BitMask64Utils.create(bitIndex);
-            return BitMask64Utils.hasAny(mask, testMask);
-        }
-
-        if (!mask.segments) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        const segmentIndex = Math.floor(bitIndex / 64) - 1;
-        if (segmentIndex >= mask.segments.length) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        const localBitIndex = bitIndex % 64;
-        const segment = mask.segments[segmentIndex];
-
-        if (localBitIndex < 32) {
-            return (segment.lo & (1 << localBitIndex)) !== 0;
-        } else {
-            return (segment.hi & (1 << (localBitIndex - 32))) !== 0;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 清除扩展位（支持超过 64 位的索引）
-     * @param mask 要修改的掩码（原地修改）
-     * @param bitIndex 位索引（可以超过 63）
-     */
-    public static clearBitExtended(mask: BitMask64Data, bitIndex: number): void {
-        if (bitIndex < 0) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        if (bitIndex < 64) {
-            BitMask64Utils.clearBit(mask, bitIndex);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        if (!mask.segments) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        const segmentIndex = Math.floor(bitIndex / 64) - 1;
-        if (segmentIndex >= mask.segments.length) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        const localBitIndex = bitIndex % 64;
-        const segment = mask.segments[segmentIndex];
-
-        if (localBitIndex < 32) {
-            segment.lo &= ~(1 << localBitIndex);
-        } else {
-            segment.hi &= ~(1 << (localBitIndex - 32));
+    private static getSegmentByBitIndex(mask: BitMask64Data,bitIndex: number, createNewSegment: boolean = true): BitMask64Segment | null{
+        if(bitIndex <= 63){
+            // 基础位
+            return mask.base;
+        }else{
+            // 扩展位
+            let segments = mask.segments;
+            if(!segments) {
+                if(!createNewSegment) return null;
+                segments = mask.segments = [];
+            }
+            const targetSegIndex = (bitIndex >> 6) - 1; // Math.floor(bitIndex / 64) - 1的位运算优化
+            if(segments.length <= targetSegIndex){
+                if(!createNewSegment) return null;
+                const diff = targetSegIndex - segments.length + 1;
+                for (let i = 0; i < diff; i++) {
+                    segments.push([0, 0]);
+                }
+            }
+            return  segments[targetSegIndex];
         }
     }
 }

packages/core/src/ECS/Utils/BitMaskHashMap.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+import { BitMask64Data } from "./BigIntCompatibility";
+
+// FlatHashMapFast.ts
+
+/**
+ * 高性能 HashMap，使用BitMask64Data作为Key。内部计算两层哈希：
+ *  - primaryHash: MurmurHash3(seed1) => 定位 bucket
+ *  - secondaryHash: MurmurHash3(seed2) => 处理 bucket 内碰撞判定
+ *
+ *  理论上，在1e5数量数据规模下碰撞概率在数学意义上的可忽略。
+ *  在本地测试中，一千万次连续/随机BitMask64Data生成未发生一级哈希冲突，考虑到使用场景（原型系统、组件系统等）远达不到此数量级，因此可安全用于生产环境。
+ */
+export class BitMaskHashMap<T> {
+    private buckets: Map<number, [number, T][]> = new Map();
+    private _size = 0;
+
+    constructor() {}
+
+    get size(): number {
+        return this._size;
+    }
+
+    get innerBuckets(): Map<number, [number, T][]> {
+        return this.buckets;
+    }
+    /** MurmurHash3 (32bit) 简化实现 */
+    private murmur32(key: BitMask64Data, seed: number): number {
+        let h = seed >>> 0;
+        const mix = (k: number) => {
+            k = Math.imul(k, 0xcc9e2d51) >>> 0; // 第一个 32 位魔术常数
+            k = (k << 15) | (k >>> 17);
+            k = Math.imul(k, 0x1b873593) >>> 0; // 第二个 32 位魔术常数
+            h ^= k;
+            h = (h << 13) | (h >>> 19);
+            h = (Math.imul(h, 5) + 0xe6546b64) >>> 0;
+        };
+
+        // base
+        mix(key.base[0] >>> 0);
+        mix(key.base[1] >>> 0);
+
+        // segments
+        if (key.segments) {
+            for (const seg of key.segments) {
+                mix(seg[0] >>> 0);
+                mix(seg[1] >>> 0);
+            }
+        }
+
+        h ^= (key.segments ? key.segments.length * 8 : 8);
+        h ^= h >>> 16;
+        h = Math.imul(h, 0x85ebca6b) >>> 0;
+        h ^= h >>> 13;
+        h = Math.imul(h, 0xc2b2ae35) >>> 0;
+        h ^= h >>> 16;
+        return h >>> 0;
+    }
+
+    /** primaryHash + secondaryHash 计算 */
+    private getHashes(key: BitMask64Data): [number, number] {
+        const primary = this.murmur32(key, 0x9747b28c);  // seed1
+        const secondary = this.murmur32(key, 0x12345678); // seed2
+        return [primary, secondary];
+    }
+
+    set(key: BitMask64Data, value: T): this {
+        const [primary, secondary] = this.getHashes(key);
+        let bucket = this.buckets.get(primary);
+        if (!bucket) {
+            bucket = [];
+            this.buckets.set(primary, bucket);
+        }
+
+        // 查找是否存在 secondaryHash
+        for (let i = 0; i < bucket.length; i++) {
+            if (bucket[i][0] === secondary) {
+                bucket[i][1] = value;
+                return this;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 新增
+        bucket.push([secondary, value]);
+        this._size++;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    get(key: BitMask64Data): T | undefined {
+        const [primary, secondary] = this.getHashes(key);
+        const bucket = this.buckets.get(primary);
+        if (!bucket) return undefined;
+        for (let i = 0; i < bucket.length; i++) {
+            if (bucket[i][0] === secondary) {
+                return bucket[i][1];
+            }
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+
+    has(key: BitMask64Data): boolean {
+        return this.get(key) !== undefined;
+    }
+
+    delete(key: BitMask64Data): boolean {
+        const [primary, secondary] = this.getHashes(key);
+        const bucket = this.buckets.get(primary);
+        if (!bucket) return false;
+        for (let i = 0; i < bucket.length; i++) {
+            if (bucket[i][0] === secondary) {
+                bucket.splice(i, 1);
+                this._size--;
+                if (bucket.length === 0) {
+                    this.buckets.delete(primary);
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    clear(): void {
+        this.buckets.clear();
+        this._size = 0;
+    }
+
+    *entries(): IterableIterator<[BitMask64Data, T]> {
+        for (const [_, bucket] of this.buckets) {
+            for (const [secondary, value] of bucket) {
+                // 无法还原原始 key（只存二级 hash），所以 entries 返回不了 key
+                yield [undefined as any, value];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    *values(): IterableIterator<T> {
+        for (const bucket of this.buckets.values()) {
+            for (const [_, value] of bucket) {
+                yield value;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+

packages/core/src/ECS/Utils/Bits.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
-import { BitMask64Data, BitMask64Utils } from './BigIntCompatibility';
+import { SegmentPart, BitMask64Data, BitMask64Utils } from './BigIntCompatibility';
 
 /**
  * 位集合类，用于高效的位操作
- * 自动扩展支持：默认 64 位，超过时自动扩展到 128/256 位
- * 扩展模式性能略有下降，但仍然比数组遍历快得多
+ * 支持任意位的位运算操作.
  */
 export class Bits {
     /** 存储位数据的掩码，支持扩展 */
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ export class Bits {
             throw new Error('Bit index cannot be negative');
         }
 
-        BitMask64Utils.setBitExtended(this._value, index);
+        BitMask64Utils.setBit(this._value, index);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -50,7 +49,7 @@ export class Bits {
             throw new Error('Bit index cannot be negative');
         }
 
-        BitMask64Utils.clearBitExtended(this._value, index);
+        BitMask64Utils.clearBit(this._value, index);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -59,7 +58,7 @@ export class Bits {
      * @returns 如果位被设置为1则返回true，否则返回false
      */
     public get(index: number): boolean {
-        return BitMask64Utils.getBitExtended(this._value, index);
+        return BitMask64Utils.getBit(this._value, index);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -163,16 +162,16 @@ export class Bits {
         
         if (maxBits <= 32) {
             const mask = (1 << maxBits) - 1;
-            result._value.lo = (~result._value.lo) & mask;
-            result._value.hi = 0;
+            result._value.base[SegmentPart.LOW] = (~result._value.base[SegmentPart.LOW]) & mask;
+            result._value.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] = 0;
         } else {
-            result._value.lo = ~result._value.lo;
+            result._value.base[SegmentPart.LOW] = ~result._value.base[SegmentPart.LOW];
             if (maxBits < 64) {
                 const remainingBits = maxBits - 32;
                 const mask = (1 << remainingBits) - 1;
-                result._value.hi = (~result._value.hi) & mask;
+                result._value.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] = (~result._value.base[SegmentPart.HIGH]) & mask;
             } else {
-                result._value.hi = ~result._value.hi;
+                result._value.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] = ~result._value.base[SegmentPart.HIGH];
             }
         }
         
@@ -237,9 +236,10 @@ export class Bits {
      * @param maxBits 最大位数，默认为64
      * @returns 二进制字符串表示，每8位用空格分隔
      */
-    public toBinaryString(maxBits: number = 64): string {
-        if (maxBits > 64) maxBits = 64;
-        
+    public toBinaryString(maxBits: number = 0): string {
+        if(maxBits == 0){
+            maxBits = 64 + (this._value.segments ? this._value.segments.length * 64 : 0);
+        }
         let result = '';
         for (let i = maxBits - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
             result += this.get(i) ? '1' : '0';
@@ -265,16 +265,16 @@ export class Bits {
      */
     public static fromBinaryString(binaryString: string): Bits {
         const cleanString = binaryString.replace(/\s/g, '');
-        let data: BitMask64Data;
+        let data: BitMask64Data = { base: undefined!, segments: undefined};
         if (cleanString.length <= 32) {
             const num = parseInt(cleanString, 2);
-            data = { lo: num >>> 0, hi: 0 };
+            data.base = [num >>> 0, 0];
         } else {
             const loBits = cleanString.substring(cleanString.length - 32);
             const hiBits = cleanString.substring(0, cleanString.length - 32);
             const lo = parseInt(loBits, 2);
             const hi = parseInt(hiBits, 2);
-            data = { lo: lo >>> 0, hi: hi >>> 0 };
+            data.base = [lo >>> 0, hi >>> 0];
         }
         return new Bits(data);
     }
@@ -286,16 +286,16 @@ export class Bits {
      */
     public static fromHexString(hexString: string): Bits {
         const cleanString = hexString.replace(/^0x/i, '');
-        let data: BitMask64Data;
+        let data: BitMask64Data = { base: undefined!, segments: undefined};
         if (cleanString.length <= 8) {
             const num = parseInt(cleanString, 16);
-            data = { lo: num >>> 0, hi: 0 };
+            data.base = [num >>> 0, 0];
         } else {
             const loBits = cleanString.substring(cleanString.length - 8);
             const hiBits = cleanString.substring(0, cleanString.length - 8);
             const lo = parseInt(loBits, 16);
             const hi = parseInt(hiBits, 16);
-            data = { lo: lo >>> 0, hi: hi >>> 0 };
+            data.base = [lo >>> 0, hi >>> 0];
         }
         return new Bits(data);
     }
@@ -318,16 +318,16 @@ export class Bits {
             return -1;
         }
         
-        if (this._value.hi !== 0) {
+        if (this._value.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] !== 0) {
             for (let i = 31; i >= 0; i--) {
-                if ((this._value.hi & (1 << i)) !== 0) {
+                if ((this._value.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] & (1 << i)) !== 0) {
                     return i + 32;
                 }
             }
         }
         
         for (let i = 31; i >= 0; i--) {
-            if ((this._value.lo & (1 << i)) !== 0) {
+            if ((this._value.base[SegmentPart.LOW] & (1 << i)) !== 0) {
                 return i;
             }
         }
@@ -345,13 +345,13 @@ export class Bits {
         }
         
         for (let i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
-            if ((this._value.lo & (1 << i)) !== 0) {
+            if ((this._value.base[SegmentPart.LOW] & (1 << i)) !== 0) {
                 return i;
             }
         }
         
         for (let i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
-            if ((this._value.hi & (1 << i)) !== 0) {
+            if ((this._value.base[SegmentPart.HIGH] & (1 << i)) !== 0) {
                 return i + 32;
             }
         }

packages/core/src/ECS/Utils/ComponentTypeManager.ts

@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-import { Bits } from './Bits';
-import { getComponentTypeName } from '../Decorators';
-import { ComponentType } from "../../Types";
-
-/**
- * 组件类型管理器
- * 负责管理组件类型的注册和ID分配
- * 支持无限数量的组件类型（通过自动扩展 BitMask）
- */
-export class ComponentTypeManager {
-    private static _instance: ComponentTypeManager;
-    private _componentTypes = new Map<Function, number>();
-    private _typeNames = new Map<number, string>();
-    private _nextTypeId = 0;
-
-    /**
-     * 获取单例实例
-     */
-    public static get instance(): ComponentTypeManager {
-        if (!ComponentTypeManager._instance) {
-            ComponentTypeManager._instance = new ComponentTypeManager();
-        }
-        return ComponentTypeManager._instance;
-    }
-
-    private constructor() {}
-
-    /**
-     * 获取组件类型的ID
-     * @param componentType 组件类型构造函数
-     * @returns 组件类型ID
-     */
-    public getTypeId(componentType: ComponentType): number {
-        let typeId = this._componentTypes.get(componentType);
-
-        if (typeId === undefined) {
-            typeId = this._nextTypeId++;
-            this._componentTypes.set(componentType, typeId);
-            this._typeNames.set(typeId, getComponentTypeName(componentType));
-        }
-
-        return typeId;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 获取组件类型名称
-     * @param typeId 组件类型ID
-     * @returns 组件类型名称
-     */
-    public getTypeName(typeId: number): string {
-        return this._typeNames.get(typeId) || 'Unknown';
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 创建包含指定组件类型的Bits对象
-     * @param componentTypes 组件类型构造函数数组
-     * @returns Bits对象
-     */
-    public createBits(...componentTypes: ComponentType[]): Bits {
-        const bits = new Bits();
-        
-        for (const componentType of componentTypes) {
-            const typeId = this.getTypeId(componentType);
-            bits.set(typeId);
-        }
-        
-        return bits;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 获取实体的组件位掩码
-     * @param components 组件数组
-     * @returns Bits对象
-     */
-    public getEntityBits(components: ComponentType[]): Bits {
-        const bits = new Bits();
-        
-        for (const component of components) {
-            const typeId = this.getTypeId(component);
-            bits.set(typeId);
-        }
-        
-        return bits;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 重置管理器（主要用于测试）
-     */
-    public reset(): void {
-        this._componentTypes.clear();
-        this._typeNames.clear();
-        this._nextTypeId = 0;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 获取已注册的组件类型数量
-     */
-    public get registeredTypeCount(): number {
-        return this._componentTypes.size;
-    }
-} 

packages/core/src/ECS/Utils/index.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ export { EntityProcessorList } from './EntityProcessorList';
 export { IdentifierPool } from './IdentifierPool';
 export { Matcher } from './Matcher';
 export { Bits } from './Bits';
-export { ComponentTypeManager } from './ComponentTypeManager';
 export { BitMask64Utils, BitMask64Data } from './BigIntCompatibility';
 export { SparseSet } from './SparseSet';
 export { ComponentSparseSet } from './ComponentSparseSet';

packages/core/src/ECS/World.ts

@@ -183,6 +183,17 @@ export class World {
         return Array.from(this._scenes.values());
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 移除所有Scene
+     */
+    public removeAllScenes(): void {
+        const sceneIds = Array.from(this._scenes.keys());
+        for (const sceneId of sceneIds) {
+            this.removeScene(sceneId);
+        }
+        logger.info(`从World '${this.name}' 中移除所有Scene`);
+    }
+
     /**
      * 设置Scene激活状态
      */

packages/core/src/ECS/WorldManager.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { World, IWorldConfig } from './World';
 import { createLogger } from '../Utils/Logger';
+import type { IService } from '../Core/ServiceContainer';
 
 const logger = createLogger('WorldManager');
 
@@ -30,40 +31,45 @@ export interface IWorldManagerConfig {
 
 /**
  * World管理器 - 管理所有World实例
- * 
- * WorldManager是全局单例，负责管理所有World的生命周期。
+ *
+ * WorldManager负责管理多个独立的World实例。
  * 每个World都是独立的ECS环境，可以包含多个Scene。
- * 
- * 设计理念：
- * - Core负责单Scene的传统ECS管理
- * - World负责多Scene的管理和协调
- * - WorldManager负责多World的全局管理
- * 
+ *
+ * 适用场景：
+ * - MMO游戏的多房间管理
+ * - 服务器端的多游戏实例
+ * - 需要完全隔离的多个游戏环境
+ *
  * @example
  * ```typescript
- * // 获取全局WorldManager
- * const worldManager = WorldManager.getInstance();
- * 
+ * // 创建WorldManager实例
+ * const worldManager = new WorldManager({
+ *     maxWorlds: 100,
+ *     autoCleanup: true
+ * });
+ *
  * // 创建游戏房间World
- * const roomWorld = worldManager.createWorld('room_001', {
+ * const room1 = worldManager.createWorld('room_001', {
  *     name: 'GameRoom_001',
  *     maxScenes: 5
  * });
- * 
- * // 在游戏循环中更新所有World
- * worldManager.updateAll(deltaTime);
+ * room1.setActive(true);
+ *
+ * // 游戏循环
+ * function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+ *     Core.update(deltaTime);
+ *     worldManager.updateAll();  // 更新所有活跃World
+ * }
  * ```
  */
-export class WorldManager {
-    private static _instance: WorldManager | null = null;
-    
+export class WorldManager implements IService {
     private readonly _config: IWorldManagerConfig;
     private readonly _worlds: Map<string, World> = new Map();
     private readonly _activeWorlds: Set<string> = new Set();
-    private _cleanupTimer: NodeJS.Timeout | null = null;
+    private _cleanupTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null;
     private _isRunning: boolean = false;
 
-    private constructor(config: IWorldManagerConfig = {}) {
+    public constructor(config: IWorldManagerConfig = {}) {
         this._config = {
             maxWorlds: 50,
             autoCleanup: true,
@@ -72,6 +78,9 @@ export class WorldManager {
             ...config
         };
 
+        // 默认启动运行状态
+        this._isRunning = true;
+
         logger.info('WorldManager已初始化', {
             maxWorlds: this._config.maxWorlds,
             autoCleanup: this._config.autoCleanup,
@@ -81,26 +90,6 @@ export class WorldManager {
         this.startCleanupTimer();
     }
 
-    /**
-     * 获取WorldManager单例实例
-     */
-    public static getInstance(config?: IWorldManagerConfig): WorldManager {
-        if (!this._instance) {
-            this._instance = new WorldManager(config);
-        }
-        return this._instance;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 重置WorldManager实例（主要用于测试）
-     */
-    public static reset(): void {
-        if (this._instance) {
-            this._instance.destroy();
-            this._instance = null;
-        }
-    }
-
     // ===== World管理 =====
 
     /**
@@ -205,9 +194,37 @@ export class WorldManager {
 
     // ===== 批量操作 =====
 
+    /**
+     * 更新所有活跃的World
+     *
+     * 应该在每帧的游戏循环中调用。
+     * 会自动更新所有活跃World的全局系统和场景。
+     *
+     * @example
+     * ```typescript
+     * function gameLoop(deltaTime: number) {
+     *     Core.update(deltaTime);      // 更新全局服务
+     *     worldManager.updateAll();    // 更新所有World
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    public updateAll(): void {
+        if (!this._isRunning) return;
+
+        for (const worldId of this._activeWorlds) {
+            const world = this._worlds.get(worldId);
+            if (world && world.isActive) {
+                // 更新World的全局System
+                world.updateGlobalSystems();
+
+                // 更新World中的所有Scene
+                world.updateScenes();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * 获取所有激活的World
-     * 注意：此方法供Core.update()使用
      */
     public getActiveWorlds(): World[] {
         const activeWorlds: World[] = [];
@@ -371,6 +388,14 @@ export class WorldManager {
         logger.info('WorldManager已销毁');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 实现 IService 接口的 dispose 方法
+     * 调用 destroy 方法进行清理
+     */
+    public dispose(): void {
+        this.destroy();
+    }
+
     // ===== 私有方法 =====
 
     /**

packages/core/src/ECS/index.ts

@@ -6,9 +6,15 @@ export * from './Utils';
 export * from './Decorators';
 export { Scene } from './Scene';
 export { IScene, ISceneFactory, ISceneConfig } from './IScene';
+export { SceneManager } from './SceneManager';
 export { World, IWorldConfig } from './World';
 export { WorldManager, IWorldManagerConfig } from './WorldManager';
 export * from './Core/Events';
 export * from './Core/Query';
 export * from './Core/Storage';
-export * from './Core/StorageDecorators'; 
+export * from './Core/StorageDecorators';
+export * from './Serialization';
+export { ReferenceTracker, getSceneByEntityId } from './Core/ReferenceTracker';
+export type { EntityRefRecord } from './Core/ReferenceTracker';
+export { ReactiveQuery, ReactiveQueryChangeType } from './Core/ReactiveQuery';
+export type { ReactiveQueryChange, ReactiveQueryListener, ReactiveQueryConfig } from './Core/ReactiveQuery'; 

packages/core/src/Plugins/DebugPlugin.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+import type { Core } from '../Core';
+import type { ServiceContainer } from '../Core/ServiceContainer';
+import { IPlugin } from '../Core/Plugin';
+import { createLogger } from '../Utils/Logger';
+import type { Scene } from '../ECS/Scene';
+import type { IScene } from '../ECS/IScene';
+import type { Entity } from '../ECS/Entity';
+import type { Component } from '../ECS/Component';
+import type { EntitySystem } from '../ECS/Systems/EntitySystem';
+import { WorldManager } from '../ECS/WorldManager';
+import { Injectable, Inject } from '../Core/DI/Decorators';
+import type { IService } from '../Core/ServiceContainer';
+import type { PerformanceData } from '../Utils/PerformanceMonitor';
+
+const logger = createLogger('DebugPlugin');
+
+/**
+ * ECS 调试插件统计信息
+ */
+export interface ECSDebugStats {
+    scenes: SceneDebugInfo[];
+    totalEntities: number;
+    totalSystems: number;
+    timestamp: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 场景调试信息
+ */
+export interface SceneDebugInfo {
+    name: string;
+    entityCount: number;
+    systems: SystemDebugInfo[];
+    entities: EntityDebugInfo[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * 系统调试信息
+ */
+export interface SystemDebugInfo {
+    name: string;
+    enabled: boolean;
+    updateOrder: number;
+    entityCount: number;
+    performance?: {
+        avgExecutionTime: number;
+        maxExecutionTime: number;
+        totalCalls: number;
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * 实体调试信息
+ */
+export interface EntityDebugInfo {
+    id: number;
+    name: string;
+    enabled: boolean;
+    tag: number;
+    componentCount: number;
+    components: ComponentDebugInfo[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * 组件调试信息
+ */
+export interface ComponentDebugInfo {
+    type: string;
+    data: any;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ECS 调试插件
+ *
+ * 提供运行时调试功能：
+ * - 实时查看实体和组件信息
+ * - System 执行统计
+ * - 性能监控
+ * - 实体查询
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const core = Core.create();
+ * const debugPlugin = new DebugPlugin({ autoStart: true, updateInterval: 1000 });
+ * await core.pluginManager.install(debugPlugin);
+ *
+ * // 获取调试信息
+ * const stats = debugPlugin.getStats();
+ * console.log('Total entities:', stats.totalEntities);
+ *
+ * // 查询实体
+ * const entities = debugPlugin.queryEntities({ tag: 1 });
+ * ```
+ */
+@Injectable()
+export class DebugPlugin implements IPlugin, IService {
+    readonly name = '@esengine/debug-plugin';
+    readonly version = '1.0.0';
+
+    private worldManager: WorldManager | null = null;
+    private updateInterval: number;
+    private updateTimer: any = null;
+    private autoStart: boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 创建调试插件实例
+     *
+     * @param options - 配置选项
+     */
+    constructor(options?: { autoStart?: boolean; updateInterval?: number }) {
+        this.autoStart = options?.autoStart ?? false;
+        this.updateInterval = options?.updateInterval ?? 1000;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 安装插件
+     */
+    async install(core: Core, services: ServiceContainer): Promise<void> {
+        this.worldManager = services.resolve(WorldManager);
+
+        logger.info('ECS Debug Plugin installed');
+
+        if (this.autoStart) {
+            this.start();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 卸载插件
+     */
+    async uninstall(): Promise<void> {
+        this.stop();
+        this.worldManager = null;
+
+        logger.info('ECS Debug Plugin uninstalled');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 实现 IService 接口
+     */
+    public dispose(): void {
+        this.stop();
+        this.worldManager = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 启动调试监控
+     */
+    public start(): void {
+        if (this.updateTimer) {
+            logger.warn('Debug monitoring already started');
+            return;
+        }
+
+        logger.info('Starting debug monitoring');
+
+        this.updateTimer = setInterval(() => {
+            this.logStats();
+        }, this.updateInterval);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 停止调试监控
+     */
+    public stop(): void {
+        if (this.updateTimer) {
+            clearInterval(this.updateTimer);
+            this.updateTimer = null;
+            logger.info('Debug monitoring stopped');
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取当前 ECS 统计信息
+     */
+    public getStats(): ECSDebugStats {
+        if (!this.worldManager) {
+            throw new Error('Plugin not installed');
+        }
+
+        const scenes: SceneDebugInfo[] = [];
+        let totalEntities = 0;
+        let totalSystems = 0;
+
+        const worlds = this.worldManager.getAllWorlds();
+
+        for (const world of worlds) {
+            for (const scene of world.getAllScenes()) {
+                const sceneInfo = this.getSceneInfo(scene);
+                scenes.push(sceneInfo);
+                totalEntities += sceneInfo.entityCount;
+                totalSystems += sceneInfo.systems.length;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return {
+            scenes,
+            totalEntities,
+            totalSystems,
+            timestamp: Date.now()
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取场景调试信息
+     */
+    public getSceneInfo(scene: IScene): SceneDebugInfo {
+        const entities = scene.entities.buffer;
+        const systems = scene.systems;
+
+        return {
+            name: scene.name,
+            entityCount: entities.length,
+            systems: systems.map(sys => this.getSystemInfo(sys)),
+            entities: entities.map(entity => this.getEntityInfo(entity))
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取系统调试信息
+     */
+    private getSystemInfo(system: EntitySystem): SystemDebugInfo {
+        const perfStats = system.getPerformanceStats();
+
+        return {
+            name: system.constructor.name,
+            enabled: system.enabled,
+            updateOrder: system.updateOrder,
+            entityCount: system.entities.length,
+            performance: perfStats ? {
+                avgExecutionTime: perfStats.averageTime,
+                maxExecutionTime: perfStats.maxTime,
+                totalCalls: perfStats.executionCount
+            } : undefined
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取实体调试信息
+     */
+    public getEntityInfo(entity: Entity): EntityDebugInfo {
+        const components = entity.components;
+
+        return {
+            id: entity.id,
+            name: entity.name,
+            enabled: entity.enabled,
+            tag: entity.tag,
+            componentCount: components.length,
+            components: components.map(comp => this.getComponentInfo(comp))
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取组件调试信息
+     */
+    private getComponentInfo(component: any): ComponentDebugInfo {
+        const type = component.constructor.name;
+        const data: any = {};
+
+        for (const key of Object.keys(component)) {
+            if (!key.startsWith('_')) {
+                const value = component[key];
+                if (typeof value !== 'function') {
+                    data[key] = value;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return { type, data };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 查询实体
+     *
+     * @param filter - 查询过滤器
+     */
+    public queryEntities(filter: {
+        sceneId?: string;
+        tag?: number;
+        name?: string;
+        hasComponent?: string;
+    }): EntityDebugInfo[] {
+        if (!this.worldManager) {
+            throw new Error('Plugin not installed');
+        }
+
+        const results: EntityDebugInfo[] = [];
+        const worlds = this.worldManager.getAllWorlds();
+
+        for (const world of worlds) {
+            for (const scene of world.getAllScenes()) {
+                if (filter.sceneId && scene.name !== filter.sceneId) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                for (const entity of scene.entities.buffer) {
+                    if (filter.tag !== undefined && entity.tag !== filter.tag) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    if (filter.name && !entity.name.includes(filter.name)) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    if (filter.hasComponent) {
+                        const hasComp = entity.components.some(
+                            c => c.constructor.name === filter.hasComponent
+                        );
+                        if (!hasComp) {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    results.push(this.getEntityInfo(entity));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return results;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 打印统计信息到日志
+     */
+    private logStats(): void {
+        const stats = this.getStats();
+
+        logger.info('=== ECS Debug Stats ===');
+        logger.info(`Total Entities: ${stats.totalEntities}`);
+        logger.info(`Total Systems: ${stats.totalSystems}`);
+        logger.info(`Scenes: ${stats.scenes.length}`);
+
+        for (const scene of stats.scenes) {
+            logger.info(`\n[Scene: ${scene.name}]`);
+            logger.info(`  Entities: ${scene.entityCount}`);
+            logger.info(`  Systems: ${scene.systems.length}`);
+
+            for (const system of scene.systems) {
+                const perfStr = system.performance
+                    ? ` | Avg: ${system.performance.avgExecutionTime.toFixed(2)}ms, Max: ${system.performance.maxExecutionTime.toFixed(2)}ms`
+                    : '';
+                logger.info(
+                    `    - ${system.name} (${system.enabled ? 'enabled' : 'disabled'}) | Entities: ${system.entityCount}${perfStr}`
+                );
+            }
+        }
+
+        logger.info('========================\n');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 导出调试数据为 JSON
+     */
+    public exportJSON(): string {
+        const stats = this.getStats();
+        return JSON.stringify(stats, null, 2);
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/Plugins/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export * from './DebugPlugin';

packages/core/src/Types/IUpdatable.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/**
+ * 可更新接口
+ *
+ * 实现此接口的服务将在每帧被Core自动调用update方法
+ */
+export interface IUpdatable {
+    /**
+     * 每帧更新方法
+     *
+     * @param deltaTime - 帧时间间隔（秒），可选参数
+     */
+    update(deltaTime?: number): void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 检查对象是否实现了IUpdatable接口
+ */
+export function isUpdatable(obj: any): obj is IUpdatable {
+    return obj && typeof obj.update === 'function';
+}

packages/core/src/Types/TypeHelpers.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+/**
+ * TypeScript类型工具集
+ *
+ * 提供高级类型推断和类型安全的工具类型
+ */
+
+import type { IComponent } from './index';
+import { Component } from '../ECS/Component';
+
+/**
+ * 组件类型提取器
+ * 从组件构造函数中提取实例类型
+ */
+export type ComponentInstance<T> = T extends new (...args: any[]) => infer R ? R : never;
+
+/**
+ * 组件构造函数类型
+ *
+ * 与 ComponentType 保持一致，避免类型转换
+ */
+export type ComponentConstructor<T extends IComponent = IComponent> = new (...args: any[]) => T;
+
+/**
+ * 组件类型的通用约束
+ *
+ * 用于确保类型参数是有效的组件构造函数
+ */
+export type AnyComponentConstructor = ComponentConstructor<any>;
+
+/**
+ * 多组件类型提取
+ * 从组件构造函数数组中提取所有实例类型的联合
+ */
+export type ExtractComponents<T extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]> = {
+    [K in keyof T]: ComponentInstance<T[K]>;
+};
+
+/**
+ * 组件类型映射
+ * 将组件构造函数数组转换为实例类型的元组
+ */
+export type ComponentTypeMap<T extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]> = {
+    [K in keyof T]: T[K] extends ComponentConstructor<infer C> ? C : never;
+};
+
+/**
+ * 实体with组件的类型
+ * 表示一个实体确定拥有某些组件
+ */
+export interface EntityWithComponents<T extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]> {
+    readonly id: number;
+    readonly name: string;
+
+    /**
+     * 类型安全的组件获取
+     * 确保返回非空的组件实例
+     */
+    getComponent<C extends ComponentConstructor>(componentType: C): ComponentInstance<C>;
+
+    /**
+     * 检查是否拥有组件
+     */
+    hasComponent<C extends ComponentConstructor>(componentType: C): boolean;
+
+    /**
+     * 获取所有组件
+     */
+    readonly components: ComponentTypeMap<T>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 查询结果类型
+ * 根据查询条件推断实体必定拥有的组件
+ */
+export type QueryResult<
+    All extends readonly ComponentConstructor[] = [],
+    Any extends readonly ComponentConstructor[] = [],
+    None extends readonly ComponentConstructor[] = []
+> = {
+    /**
+     * 实体列表，确保拥有All中的所有组件
+     */
+    readonly entities: ReadonlyArray<EntityWithComponents<All>>;
+
+    /**
+     * 实体数量
+     */
+    readonly length: number;
+
+    /**
+     * 遍历实体
+     */
+    forEach(callback: (entity: EntityWithComponents<All>, index: number) => void): void;
+
+    /**
+     * 映射转换
+     */
+    map<R>(callback: (entity: EntityWithComponents<All>, index: number) => R): R[];
+
+    /**
+     * 过滤实体
+     */
+    filter(predicate: (entity: EntityWithComponents<All>, index: number) => boolean): QueryResult<All, Any, None>;
+};
+
+/**
+ * System处理的实体类型
+ * 根据Matcher推断System处理的实体类型
+ */
+export type SystemEntityType<M> = M extends {
+    getCondition(): {
+        all: infer All extends readonly ComponentConstructor[];
+    };
+}
+    ? EntityWithComponents<All>
+    : never;
+
+/**
+ * 组件字段类型提取
+ * 提取组件中所有可序列化的字段
+ */
+export type SerializableFields<T> = {
+    [K in keyof T]: T[K] extends Function ? never : K;
+}[keyof T];
+
+/**
+ * 只读组件类型
+ * 将组件的所有字段转为只读
+ */
+export type ReadonlyComponent<T extends IComponent> = {
+    readonly [K in keyof T]: T[K];
+};
+
+/**
+ * 部分组件类型
+ * 用于组件更新操作
+ */
+export type PartialComponent<T extends IComponent> = {
+    [K in SerializableFields<T>]?: T[K];
+};
+
+/**
+ * 组件类型约束
+ * 确保类型参数是有效的组件
+ */
+export type ValidComponent<T> = T extends Component ? T : never;
+
+/**
+ * 组件数组约束
+ * 确保数组中的所有元素都是组件构造函数
+ */
+export type ValidComponentArray<T extends readonly any[]> = T extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]
+    ? T
+    : never;
+
+/**
+ * 事件处理器类型
+ * 提供类型安全的事件处理
+ */
+export type TypedEventHandler<T> = (data: T) => void | Promise<void>;
+
+/**
+ * 系统生命周期钩子类型
+ */
+export interface SystemLifecycleHooks<T extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]> {
+    /**
+     * 实体添加到系统时调用
+     */
+    onAdded?: (entity: EntityWithComponents<T>) => void;
+
+    /**
+     * 实体从系统移除时调用
+     */
+    onRemoved?: (entity: EntityWithComponents<T>) => void;
+
+    /**
+     * 系统初始化时调用
+     */
+    onInitialize?: () => void;
+
+    /**
+     * 系统销毁时调用
+     */
+    onDestroy?: () => void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fluent API构建器类型
+ */
+export interface TypeSafeBuilder<T> {
+    /**
+     * 完成构建
+     */
+    build(): T;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 组件池类型
+ */
+export interface ComponentPool<T extends IComponent> {
+    /**
+     * 从池中获取组件实例
+     */
+    obtain(): T;
+
+    /**
+     * 归还组件到池中
+     */
+    free(component: T): void;
+
+    /**
+     * 清空池
+     */
+    clear(): void;
+
+    /**
+     * 池中可用对象数量
+     */
+    readonly available: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 实体查询条件类型
+ */
+export interface TypedQueryCondition<
+    All extends readonly ComponentConstructor[] = [],
+    Any extends readonly ComponentConstructor[] = [],
+    None extends readonly ComponentConstructor[] = []
+> {
+    all: All;
+    any: Any;
+    none: None;
+    tag?: number;
+    name?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 组件类型守卫
+ */
+export function isComponentType<T extends IComponent>(
+    value: any
+): value is ComponentConstructor<T> {
+    return typeof value === 'function' && value.prototype instanceof Component;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 类型安全的组件数组守卫
+ */
+export function isComponentArray(
+    value: any[]
+): value is ComponentConstructor[] {
+    return value.every(isComponentType);
+}
+
+/**
+ * 提取组件类型名称（编译时）
+ */
+export type ComponentTypeName<T extends ComponentConstructor> = T extends {
+    prototype: { constructor: { name: infer N } };
+}
+    ? N
+    : string;
+
+/**
+ * 多组件类型名称联合
+ */
+export type ComponentTypeNames<T extends readonly ComponentConstructor[]> = {
+    [K in keyof T]: ComponentTypeName<T[K]>;
+}[number];
+
+/**
+ * 深度只读类型
+ */
+export type DeepReadonly<T> = {
+    readonly [K in keyof T]: T[K] extends object ? DeepReadonly<T[K]> : T[K];
+};
+
+/**
+ * 深度可选类型
+ */
+export type DeepPartial<T> = {
+    [K in keyof T]?: T[K] extends object ? DeepPartial<T[K]> : T[K];
+};
+
+/**
+ * 排除方法的类型
+ */
+export type DataOnly<T> = {
+    [K in keyof T as T[K] extends Function ? never : K]: T[K];
+};
+
+/**
+ * 可序列化的组件数据
+ */
+export type SerializableComponent<T extends IComponent> = DeepPartial<DataOnly<T>>;

packages/core/src/Types/index.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
  * 框架核心类型定义
  */
 
+// 导出TypeScript类型增强工具
+export * from './TypeHelpers';
+export * from './IUpdatable';
+
 /**
  * 组件接口
  *
@@ -12,7 +16,7 @@ export interface IComponent {
     /** 组件唯一标识符 */
     readonly id: number;
     /** 组件所属的实体ID */
-    entityId?: string | number;
+    entityId: number | null;
 
     /** 组件添加到实体时的回调 */
     onAddedToEntity(): void;

packages/core/src/Utils/Debug/DebugConfigService.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import { IECSDebugConfig } from '../../Types';
+import { Injectable } from '../../Core/DI/Decorators';
+import type { IService } from '../../Core/ServiceContainer';
+
+/**
+ * 调试配置服务
+ *
+ * 管理调试系统的配置信息
+ */
+@Injectable()
+export class DebugConfigService implements IService {
+    private _config: IECSDebugConfig;
+
+    constructor() {
+        this._config = {
+            enabled: false,
+            websocketUrl: '',
+            debugFrameRate: 30,
+            autoReconnect: true,
+            channels: {
+                entities: true,
+                systems: true,
+                performance: true,
+                components: true,
+                scenes: true
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    public setConfig(config: IECSDebugConfig): void {
+        this._config = config;
+    }
+
+    public getConfig(): IECSDebugConfig {
+        return this._config;
+    }
+
+    public isEnabled(): boolean {
+        return this._config.enabled;
+    }
+
+    dispose(): void {
+        // 清理资源
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/Utils/Debug/DebugManager.ts

@@ -9,13 +9,21 @@ import { Component } from '../../ECS/Component';
 import { ComponentPoolManager } from '../../ECS/Core/ComponentPool';
 import { Pool } from '../../Utils/Pool';
 import { getComponentInstanceTypeName, getSystemInstanceTypeName } from '../../ECS/Decorators';
+import type { IService } from '../../Core/ServiceContainer';
+import type { IUpdatable } from '../../Types/IUpdatable';
+import { SceneManager } from '../../ECS/SceneManager';
+import { PerformanceMonitor } from '../PerformanceMonitor';
+import { Injectable, Inject, Updatable } from '../../Core/DI/Decorators';
+import { DebugConfigService } from './DebugConfigService';
 
 /**
  * 调试管理器
  *
  * 整合所有调试数据收集器，负责收集和发送调试数据
  */
-export class DebugManager {
+@Injectable()
+@Updatable()
+export class DebugManager implements IService, IUpdatable {
     private config: IECSDebugConfig;
     private webSocketManager: WebSocketManager;
     private entityCollector: EntityDataCollector;
@@ -23,25 +31,29 @@ export class DebugManager {
     private performanceCollector: PerformanceDataCollector;
     private componentCollector: ComponentDataCollector;
     private sceneCollector: SceneDataCollector;
-    private sceneProvider: () => any;
-    private performanceMonitorProvider: () => any;
+    private sceneManager: SceneManager;
+    private performanceMonitor: PerformanceMonitor;
 
     private frameCounter: number = 0;
     private lastSendTime: number = 0;
     private sendInterval: number;
     private isRunning: boolean = false;
+    private originalConsole = {
+        log: console.log.bind(console),
+        debug: console.debug.bind(console),
+        info: console.info.bind(console),
+        warn: console.warn.bind(console),
+        error: console.error.bind(console)
+    };
 
-    /**
-     * 构造调试管理器
-     * @param core Core实例
-     * @param config 调试配置
-     */
-    constructor(core: any, config: IECSDebugConfig) {
-        this.config = config;
-
-        // 设置提供器函数
-        this.sceneProvider = () => (core as any).scene || (core.constructor as any).scene;
-        this.performanceMonitorProvider = () => core._performanceMonitor;
+    constructor(
+        @Inject(SceneManager) sceneManager: SceneManager,
+        @Inject(PerformanceMonitor) performanceMonitor: PerformanceMonitor,
+        @Inject(DebugConfigService) configService: DebugConfigService
+    ) {
+        this.config = configService.getConfig();
+        this.sceneManager = sceneManager;
+        this.performanceMonitor = performanceMonitor;
 
         // 初始化数据收集器
         this.entityCollector = new EntityDataCollector();
@@ -52,17 +64,20 @@ export class DebugManager {
 
         // 初始化WebSocket管理器
         this.webSocketManager = new WebSocketManager(
-            config.websocketUrl,
-            config.autoReconnect !== false
+            this.config.websocketUrl,
+            this.config.autoReconnect !== false
         );
 
         // 设置消息处理回调
         this.webSocketManager.setMessageHandler(this.handleMessage.bind(this));
 
         // 计算发送间隔（基于帧率）
-        const debugFrameRate = config.debugFrameRate || 30;
+        const debugFrameRate = this.config.debugFrameRate || 30;
         this.sendInterval = 1000 / debugFrameRate;
 
+        // 拦截 console 日志
+        this.interceptConsole();
+
         this.start();
     }
 
@@ -86,6 +101,118 @@ export class DebugManager {
         this.webSocketManager.disconnect();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 拦截 console 日志并转发到编辑器
+     */
+    private interceptConsole(): void {
+        console.log = (...args: unknown[]) => {
+            this.sendLog('info', this.formatLogMessage(args));
+            this.originalConsole.log(...args);
+        };
+
+        console.debug = (...args: unknown[]) => {
+            this.sendLog('debug', this.formatLogMessage(args));
+            this.originalConsole.debug(...args);
+        };
+
+        console.info = (...args: unknown[]) => {
+            this.sendLog('info', this.formatLogMessage(args));
+            this.originalConsole.info(...args);
+        };
+
+        console.warn = (...args: unknown[]) => {
+            this.sendLog('warn', this.formatLogMessage(args));
+            this.originalConsole.warn(...args);
+        };
+
+        console.error = (...args: unknown[]) => {
+            this.sendLog('error', this.formatLogMessage(args));
+            this.originalConsole.error(...args);
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 格式化日志消息
+     */
+    private formatLogMessage(args: unknown[]): string {
+        return args.map(arg => {
+            if (typeof arg === 'string') return arg;
+            if (arg instanceof Error) return `${arg.name}: ${arg.message}`;
+            if (arg === null) return 'null';
+            if (arg === undefined) return 'undefined';
+            if (typeof arg === 'object') {
+                try {
+                    return this.safeStringify(arg, 6);
+                } catch {
+                    return Object.prototype.toString.call(arg);
+                }
+            }
+            return String(arg);
+        }).join(' ');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 安全的 JSON 序列化,支持循环引用和深度限制
+     */
+    private safeStringify(obj: any, maxDepth: number = 6): string {
+        const seen = new WeakSet();
+
+        const stringify = (value: any, depth: number): any => {
+            if (value === null) return null;
+            if (value === undefined) return undefined;
+            if (typeof value !== 'object') return value;
+
+            if (depth >= maxDepth) {
+                return '[Max Depth Reached]';
+            }
+
+            if (seen.has(value)) {
+                return '[Circular]';
+            }
+
+            seen.add(value);
+
+            if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+                const result = value.map(item => stringify(item, depth + 1));
+                seen.delete(value);
+                return result;
+            }
+
+            const result: any = {};
+            for (const key in value) {
+                if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, key)) {
+                    result[key] = stringify(value[key], depth + 1);
+                }
+            }
+            seen.delete(value);
+            return result;
+        };
+
+        return JSON.stringify(stringify(obj, 0));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 发送日志到编辑器
+     */
+    private sendLog(level: string, message: string): void {
+        if (!this.webSocketManager.getConnectionStatus()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            this.webSocketManager.send({
+                type: 'log',
+                data: {
+                    level,
+                    message,
+                    timestamp: new Date().toISOString()
+                }
+            });
+        } catch (error) {
+            // 静默失败，避免递归日志
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * 更新配置
      */
@@ -108,16 +235,12 @@ export class DebugManager {
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-     * 帧更新回调
-     */
-    public onFrameUpdate(deltaTime: number): void {
+    public update(deltaTime?: number): void {
         if (!this.isRunning || !this.config.enabled) return;
 
         this.frameCounter++;
         const currentTime = Date.now();
 
-        // 基于配置的帧率发送数据
         if (currentTime - this.lastSendTime >= this.sendInterval) {
             this.sendDebugData();
             this.lastSendTime = currentTime;
@@ -205,7 +328,8 @@ export class DebugManager {
                 return;
             }
 
-            const expandedData = this.entityCollector.expandLazyObject(entityId, componentIndex, propertyPath);
+            const scene = this.sceneManager.currentScene;
+            const expandedData = this.entityCollector.expandLazyObject(entityId, componentIndex, propertyPath, scene);
 
             this.webSocketManager.send({
                 type: 'expand_lazy_object_response',
@@ -237,7 +361,8 @@ export class DebugManager {
                 return;
             }
 
-            const properties = this.entityCollector.getComponentProperties(entityId, componentIndex);
+            const scene = this.sceneManager.currentScene;
+            const properties = this.entityCollector.getComponentProperties(entityId, componentIndex, scene);
 
             this.webSocketManager.send({
                 type: 'get_component_properties_response',
@@ -260,7 +385,8 @@ export class DebugManager {
         try {
             const { requestId } = message;
 
-            const rawEntityList = this.entityCollector.getRawEntityList();
+            const scene = this.sceneManager.currentScene;
+            const rawEntityList = this.entityCollector.getRawEntityList(scene);
 
             this.webSocketManager.send({
                 type: 'get_raw_entity_list_response',
@@ -292,7 +418,8 @@ export class DebugManager {
                 return;
             }
 
-            const entityDetails = this.entityCollector.getEntityDetails(entityId);
+            const scene = this.sceneManager.currentScene;
+            const entityDetails = this.entityCollector.getEntityDetails(entityId, scene);
 
             this.webSocketManager.send({
                 type: 'get_entity_details_response',
@@ -338,7 +465,7 @@ export class DebugManager {
 
         // 收集其他内存统计
         const baseMemoryInfo = this.collectBaseMemoryInfo();
-        const scene = this.sceneProvider();
+        const scene = this.sceneManager.currentScene;
 
         // 使用专门的内存计算方法收集实体数据
         const entityData = this.entityCollector.collectEntityDataWithMemory(scene);
@@ -452,7 +579,7 @@ export class DebugManager {
     /**
      * 收集组件内存统计（仅用于内存快照）
      */
-    private collectComponentMemoryStats(entityList: { buffer: Array<{ id: number; name?: string; destroyed?: boolean; components?: Component[] }> }): {
+    private collectComponentMemoryStats(entityList: { buffer: Array<{ id: number; name?: string; destroyed?: boolean; components?: readonly Component[] }> }): {
         totalMemory: number;
         componentTypes: number;
         totalInstances: number;
@@ -546,7 +673,7 @@ export class DebugManager {
             updateOrder: number;
         }>;
     } {
-        const scene = this.sceneProvider();
+        const scene = this.sceneManager.currentScene;
         let totalSystemMemory = 0;
         const systemBreakdown: Array<{
             name: string;
@@ -556,11 +683,11 @@ export class DebugManager {
         }> = [];
 
         try {
-            const entityProcessors = scene?.entityProcessors;
-            if (entityProcessors && entityProcessors.processors) {
+            const systems = scene?.systems;
+            if (systems) {
                 const systemTypeMemoryCache = new Map<string, number>();
 
-                for (const system of entityProcessors.processors) {
+                for (const system of systems) {
                     const systemTypeName = getSystemInstanceTypeName(system);
 
                     let systemMemory: number;
@@ -720,16 +847,15 @@ export class DebugManager {
         error?: string;
     } {
         try {
-            const performanceMonitor = this.performanceMonitorProvider();
-            if (!performanceMonitor) {
+            if (!this.performanceMonitor) {
                 return { enabled: false };
             }
 
-            const stats = performanceMonitor.getAllSystemStats();
-            const warnings = performanceMonitor.getPerformanceWarnings();
+            const stats = this.performanceMonitor.getAllSystemStats();
+            const warnings = this.performanceMonitor.getPerformanceWarnings();
 
             return {
-                enabled: (performanceMonitor as { enabled?: boolean }).enabled ?? false,
+                enabled: (this.performanceMonitor as { enabled?: boolean }).enabled ?? false,
                 systemCount: stats.size,
                 warnings: warnings.slice(0, 10), // 最多10个警告
                 topSystems: Array.from(stats.entries()).map((entry) => {
@@ -753,7 +879,7 @@ export class DebugManager {
      */
     public getDebugData(): IECSDebugData {
         const currentTime = Date.now();
-        const scene = this.sceneProvider();
+        const scene = this.sceneManager.currentScene;
 
         const debugData: IECSDebugData = {
             timestamp: currentTime,
@@ -769,13 +895,11 @@ export class DebugManager {
         }
 
         if (this.config.channels.systems) {
-            const performanceMonitor = this.performanceMonitorProvider();
-            debugData.systems = this.systemCollector.collectSystemData(performanceMonitor, scene);
+            debugData.systems = this.systemCollector.collectSystemData(this.performanceMonitor, scene);
         }
 
         if (this.config.channels.performance) {
-            const performanceMonitor = this.performanceMonitorProvider();
-            debugData.performance = this.performanceCollector.collectPerformanceData(performanceMonitor);
+            debugData.performance = this.performanceCollector.collectPerformanceData(this.performanceMonitor);
         }
 
         if (this.config.channels.components) {
@@ -821,4 +945,18 @@ export class DebugManager {
             // console.error('[ECS Debug] 发送调试数据失败:', error);
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 释放资源
+     */
+    public dispose(): void {
+        this.stop();
+
+        // 恢复原始 console 方法
+        console.log = this.originalConsole.log;
+        console.debug = this.originalConsole.debug;
+        console.info = this.originalConsole.info;
+        console.warn = this.originalConsole.warn;
+        console.error = this.originalConsole.error;
+    }
 } 

packages/core/src/Utils/Debug/EntityDataCollector.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { IEntityDebugData } from '../../Types';
 import { Entity } from '../../ECS/Entity';
 import { Component } from '../../ECS/Component';
-import { ComponentTypeManager } from '../../ECS/Utils/ComponentTypeManager';
 import { getComponentInstanceTypeName, getSystemInstanceTypeName } from '../../ECS/Decorators';
 import { IScene } from '../../ECS/IScene';
 
@@ -264,8 +263,7 @@ export class EntityDataCollector {
                 componentCount: entity.components?.length || 0,
                 memory: 0
             }))
-            .sort((a: any, b: any) => b.componentCount - a.componentCount)
-            .slice(0, 10);
+            .sort((a: any, b: any) => b.componentCount - a.componentCount);
     }
 
 
@@ -304,7 +302,7 @@ export class EntityDataCollector {
             });
 
             if (archetype.entities) {
-                archetype.entities.slice(0, 5).forEach((entity: any) => {
+                archetype.entities.forEach((entity: any) => {
                     topEntities.push({
                         id: entity.id.toString(),
                         name: entity.name || `Entity_${entity.id}`,
@@ -353,7 +351,7 @@ export class EntityDataCollector {
             });
 
             if (archetype.entities) {
-                archetype.entities.slice(0, 5).forEach((entity: any) => {
+                archetype.entities.forEach((entity: any) => {
                     topEntities.push({
                         id: entity.id.toString(),
                         name: entity.name || `Entity_${entity.id}`,
@@ -722,20 +720,7 @@ export class EntityDataCollector {
         properties: Record<string, any>;
     }> {
         return components.map((component: Component) => {
-            let typeName = getComponentInstanceTypeName(component);
-            
-            if (!typeName || typeName === 'Object' || typeName === 'Function') {
-                try {
-                    const typeManager = ComponentTypeManager.instance;
-                    const componentType = component.constructor as any;
-                    const typeId = typeManager.getTypeId(componentType);
-                    typeName = typeManager.getTypeName(typeId);
-                } catch (error) {
-                    typeName = 'UnknownComponent';
-                }
-            }
-            
-            // 提取实际的组件属性
+            const typeName = getComponentInstanceTypeName(component);
             const properties: Record<string, any> = {};
             
             try {

packages/core/src/Utils/Debug/WebSocketManager.ts

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ export class WebSocketManager {
     private reconnectInterval: number = 2000;
     private url: string;
     private autoReconnect: boolean;
-    private reconnectTimer?: NodeJS.Timeout;
+    private reconnectTimer?: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout>;
     private onOpen?: (event: Event) => void;
     private onClose?: (event: CloseEvent) => void;
     private onError?: (error: Event | any) => void;

packages/core/src/Utils/Debug/index.ts

@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ export { PerformanceDataCollector } from './PerformanceDataCollector';
 export { ComponentDataCollector } from './ComponentDataCollector';
 export { SceneDataCollector } from './SceneDataCollector';
 export { WebSocketManager } from './WebSocketManager';
-export { DebugManager } from './DebugManager';
+export { DebugManager } from './DebugManager';
+export { DebugConfigService } from './DebugConfigService';

packages/core/src/Utils/PerformanceMonitor.ts

@@ -99,20 +99,20 @@ export interface PerformanceThresholds {
     };
 }
 
+import type { IService } from '../Core/ServiceContainer';
+
 /**
  * 高性能监控器
  * 用于监控ECS系统的性能表现，提供详细的分析和优化建议
  */
-export class PerformanceMonitor {
-    private static _instance: PerformanceMonitor;
-    
+export class PerformanceMonitor implements IService {
     private _systemData = new Map<string, PerformanceData>();
     private _systemStats = new Map<string, PerformanceStats>();
     private _warnings: PerformanceWarning[] = [];
     private _isEnabled = false;
     private _maxRecentSamples = 60; // 保留最近60帧的数据
     private _maxWarnings = 100; // 最大警告数量
-    
+
     // 性能阈值配置
     private _thresholds: PerformanceThresholds = {
         executionTime: { warning: 16.67, critical: 33.33 }, // 60fps和30fps对应的帧时间
@@ -139,18 +139,8 @@ export class PerformanceMonitor {
     private _gcCount = 0;
     private _lastGcCheck = 0;
     private _gcCheckInterval = 1000;
-    
-    /**
-     * 获取单例实例
-     */
-    public static get instance(): PerformanceMonitor {
-        if (!PerformanceMonitor._instance) {
-            PerformanceMonitor._instance = new PerformanceMonitor();
-        }
-        return PerformanceMonitor._instance;
-    }
 
-    private constructor() {}
+    constructor() {}
 
     /**
      * 启用性能监控
@@ -392,7 +382,7 @@ export class PerformanceMonitor {
      */
     public setMaxRecentSamples(maxSamples: number): void {
         this._maxRecentSamples = maxSamples;
-        
+
         // 裁剪现有数据
         for (const stats of this._systemStats.values()) {
             while (stats.recentTimes.length > maxSamples) {
@@ -400,4 +390,16 @@ export class PerformanceMonitor {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 释放资源
+     */
+    public dispose(): void {
+        this._systemData.clear();
+        this._systemStats.clear();
+        this._warnings = [];
+        this._fpsHistory = [];
+        this._memoryHistory = [];
+        this._isEnabled = false;
+    }
 } 

packages/core/src/Utils/Pool/PoolManager.ts

@@ -1,21 +1,18 @@
 import { IPoolable, PoolStats } from './IPoolable';
 import { Pool } from './Pool';
+import type { IService } from '../../Core/ServiceContainer';
 
 /**
  * 池管理器
  * 统一管理所有对象池
  */
-export class PoolManager {
-    private static instance: PoolManager;
+export class PoolManager implements IService {
     private pools = new Map<string, Pool<any>>();
     private autoCompactInterval = 60000; // 60秒
     private lastCompactTime = 0;
 
-    public static getInstance(): PoolManager {
-        if (!PoolManager.instance) {
-            PoolManager.instance = new PoolManager();
-        }
-        return PoolManager.instance;
+    constructor() {
+        // 普通构造函数，不再使用单例模式
     }
 
     /**
@@ -228,4 +225,12 @@ export class PoolManager {
         this.pools.clear();
         this.lastCompactTime = 0;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 释放资源
+     * 实现 IService 接口
+     */
+    public dispose(): void {
+        this.reset();
+    }
 }