组件引用完整性，升级到es2021使用weakref

packages/core/src/ECS/Component.ts

@@ -45,6 +45,13 @@ export abstract class Component implements IComponent {
      */
     public readonly id: number;
 
+    /**
+     * 所属实体ID
+     *
+     * 存储实体ID而非引用，避免循环引用，符合ECS数据导向设计。
+     */
+    public entityId: number | null = null;
+
     /**
      * 创建组件实例
      *

packages/core/src/ECS/Core/ReferenceTracker.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+import { Component } from '../Component';
+import type { Entity } from '../Entity';
+import type { IScene } from '../IScene';
+import { createLogger } from '../../Utils/Logger';
+
+const logger = createLogger('ReferenceTracker');
+
+/**
+ * Entity引用记录
+ */
+export interface EntityRefRecord {
+    component: WeakRef<Component>;
+    propertyKey: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 全局EntityID到Scene的映射
+ *
+ * 使用全局Map记录每个Entity ID对应的Scene，用于装饰器通过Component.entityId查找Scene。
+ */
+const globalEntitySceneMap = new Map<number, WeakRef<IScene>>();
+
+/**
+ * 通过Entity ID获取Scene
+ *
+ * @param entityId Entity ID
+ * @returns Scene实例，如果不存在则返回null
+ */
+export function getSceneByEntityId(entityId: number): IScene | null {
+    const sceneRef = globalEntitySceneMap.get(entityId);
+    return sceneRef?.deref() || null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Entity引用追踪器
+ *
+ * 追踪Component中对Entity的引用，当Entity被销毁时自动清理所有引用。
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const tracker = new ReferenceTracker();
+ * tracker.registerReference(targetEntity, component, 'parent');
+ * targetEntity.destroy(); // 自动将 component.parent 设为 null
+ * ```
+ */
+export class ReferenceTracker {
+    /**
+     * Entity ID -> 引用该Entity的所有组件记录
+     */
+    private _references: Map<number, Set<EntityRefRecord>> = new Map();
+
+    /**
+     * 当前Scene的引用
+     */
+    private _scene: WeakRef<IScene> | null = null;
+
+    /**
+     * 注册Entity引用
+     *
+     * @param entity 被引用的Entity
+     * @param component 持有引用的Component
+     * @param propertyKey Component中存储引用的属性名
+     */
+    public registerReference(entity: Entity, component: Component, propertyKey: string): void {
+        const entityId = entity.id;
+
+        let records = this._references.get(entityId);
+        if (!records) {
+            records = new Set();
+            this._references.set(entityId, records);
+        }
+
+        const existingRecord = this._findRecord(records, component, propertyKey);
+        if (existingRecord) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        records.add({
+            component: new WeakRef(component),
+            propertyKey
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 注销Entity引用
+     *
+     * @param entity 被引用的Entity
+     * @param component 持有引用的Component
+     * @param propertyKey Component中存储引用的属性名
+     */
+    public unregisterReference(entity: Entity, component: Component, propertyKey: string): void {
+        const entityId = entity.id;
+        const records = this._references.get(entityId);
+
+        if (!records) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const record = this._findRecord(records, component, propertyKey);
+        if (record) {
+            records.delete(record);
+
+            if (records.size === 0) {
+                this._references.delete(entityId);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清理所有指向指定Entity的引用
+     *
+     * 将所有引用该Entity的Component属性设为null。
+     *
+     * @param entityId 被销毁的Entity ID
+     */
+    public clearReferencesTo(entityId: number): void {
+        const records = this._references.get(entityId);
+
+        if (!records) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const validRecords: EntityRefRecord[] = [];
+
+        for (const record of records) {
+            const component = record.component.deref();
+
+            if (component) {
+                validRecords.push(record);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (const record of validRecords) {
+            const component = record.component.deref();
+            if (component) {
+                (component as any)[record.propertyKey] = null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        this._references.delete(entityId);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清理Component的所有引用注册
+     *
+     * 当Component被移除时调用，清理该Component注册的所有引用。
+     *
+     * @param component 被移除的Component
+     */
+    public clearComponentReferences(component: Component): void {
+        for (const [entityId, records] of this._references.entries()) {
+            const toDelete: EntityRefRecord[] = [];
+
+            for (const record of records) {
+                const comp = record.component.deref();
+                if (!comp || comp === component) {
+                    toDelete.push(record);
+                }
+            }
+
+            for (const record of toDelete) {
+                records.delete(record);
+            }
+
+            if (records.size === 0) {
+                this._references.delete(entityId);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取指向指定Entity的所有引用记录
+     *
+     * @param entityId Entity ID
+     * @returns 引用记录数组（仅包含有效引用）
+     */
+    public getReferencesTo(entityId: number): EntityRefRecord[] {
+        const records = this._references.get(entityId);
+        if (!records) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        const validRecords: EntityRefRecord[] = [];
+
+        for (const record of records) {
+            const component = record.component.deref();
+            if (component) {
+                validRecords.push(record);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return validRecords;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清理所有失效的WeakRef引用
+     *
+     * 遍历所有记录，移除已被GC回收的Component引用。
+     */
+    public cleanup(): void {
+        const entitiesToDelete: number[] = [];
+
+        for (const [entityId, records] of this._references.entries()) {
+            const toDelete: EntityRefRecord[] = [];
+
+            for (const record of records) {
+                if (!record.component.deref()) {
+                    toDelete.push(record);
+                }
+            }
+
+            for (const record of toDelete) {
+                records.delete(record);
+            }
+
+            if (records.size === 0) {
+                entitiesToDelete.push(entityId);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (const entityId of entitiesToDelete) {
+            this._references.delete(entityId);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置Scene引用
+     *
+     * @param scene Scene实例
+     */
+    public setScene(scene: IScene): void {
+        this._scene = new WeakRef(scene);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 注册Entity到Scene的映射
+     *
+     * @param entityId Entity ID
+     * @param scene Scene实例
+     */
+    public registerEntityScene(entityId: number, scene: IScene): void {
+        globalEntitySceneMap.set(entityId, new WeakRef(scene));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 注销Entity到Scene的映射
+     *
+     * @param entityId Entity ID
+     */
+    public unregisterEntityScene(entityId: number): void {
+        globalEntitySceneMap.delete(entityId);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取调试信息
+     */
+    public getDebugInfo(): object {
+        const info: Record<string, any> = {};
+
+        for (const [entityId, records] of this._references.entries()) {
+            const validRecords = [];
+            for (const record of records) {
+                const component = record.component.deref();
+                if (component) {
+                    validRecords.push({
+                        componentId: component.id,
+                        propertyKey: record.propertyKey
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (validRecords.length > 0) {
+                info[`entity_${entityId}`] = validRecords;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return info;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 查找指定的引用记录
+     */
+    private _findRecord(
+        records: Set<EntityRefRecord>,
+        component: Component,
+        propertyKey: string
+    ): EntityRefRecord | undefined {
+        for (const record of records) {
+            const comp = record.component.deref();
+            if (comp === component && record.propertyKey === propertyKey) {
+                return record;
+            }
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Decorators/EntityRefDecorator.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+import type { Entity } from '../Entity';
+import type { Component } from '../Component';
+import { getSceneByEntityId } from '../Core/ReferenceTracker';
+import { createLogger } from '../../Utils/Logger';
+
+const logger = createLogger('EntityRefDecorator');
+
+/**
+ * EntityRef元数据的Symbol键
+ */
+export const ENTITY_REF_METADATA = Symbol('EntityRefMetadata');
+
+/**
+ * EntityRef值存储的Symbol键
+ */
+const ENTITY_REF_VALUES = Symbol('EntityRefValues');
+
+/**
+ * EntityRef元数据
+ */
+export interface EntityRefMetadata {
+    properties: Set<string>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取或创建组件的EntityRef值存储Map
+ */
+function getValueMap(component: Component): Map<string, Entity | null> {
+    let map = (component as any)[ENTITY_REF_VALUES];
+    if (!map) {
+        map = new Map<string, Entity | null>();
+        (component as any)[ENTITY_REF_VALUES] = map;
+    }
+    return map;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Entity引用装饰器
+ *
+ * 标记Component属性为Entity引用，自动追踪引用关系。
+ * 当被引用的Entity销毁时，该属性会自动设为null。
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * class ParentComponent extends Component {
+ *     @EntityRef() parent: Entity | null = null;
+ * }
+ *
+ * const parent = scene.createEntity('Parent');
+ * const child = scene.createEntity('Child');
+ * const comp = child.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+ *
+ * comp.parent = parent;
+ * parent.destroy(); // comp.parent 自动变为 null
+ * ```
+ */
+export function EntityRef(): PropertyDecorator {
+    return function (target: any, propertyKey: string | symbol) {
+        const constructor = target.constructor;
+
+        let metadata: EntityRefMetadata = constructor[ENTITY_REF_METADATA];
+        if (!metadata) {
+            metadata = {
+                properties: new Set()
+            };
+            constructor[ENTITY_REF_METADATA] = metadata;
+        }
+
+        const propKeyString = typeof propertyKey === 'symbol' ? propertyKey.toString() : propertyKey;
+        metadata.properties.add(propKeyString);
+
+        Object.defineProperty(target, propertyKey, {
+            get: function (this: Component) {
+                const valueMap = getValueMap(this);
+                return valueMap.get(propKeyString) || null;
+            },
+            set: function (this: Component, newValue: Entity | null) {
+                const valueMap = getValueMap(this);
+                const oldValue = valueMap.get(propKeyString) || null;
+
+                if (oldValue === newValue) {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                const scene = this.entityId !== null ? getSceneByEntityId(this.entityId) : null;
+
+                if (!scene || !scene.referenceTracker) {
+                    valueMap.set(propKeyString, newValue);
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                const tracker = scene.referenceTracker;
+
+                if (oldValue) {
+                    tracker.unregisterReference(oldValue, this, propKeyString);
+                }
+
+                if (newValue) {
+                    if (newValue.scene !== scene) {
+                        logger.error(`Cannot reference Entity from different Scene. Entity: ${newValue.name}, Scene: ${newValue.scene?.name || 'null'}`);
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    if (newValue.isDestroyed) {
+                        logger.warn(`Cannot reference destroyed Entity: ${newValue.name}`);
+                        valueMap.set(propKeyString, null);
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    tracker.registerReference(newValue, this, propKeyString);
+                }
+
+                valueMap.set(propKeyString, newValue);
+            },
+            enumerable: true,
+            configurable: true
+        });
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取Component的EntityRef元数据
+ *
+ * @param component Component实例或Component类
+ * @returns EntityRef元数据，如果不存在则返回null
+ */
+export function getEntityRefMetadata(component: any): EntityRefMetadata | null {
+    if (!component) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    const constructor = typeof component === 'function'
+        ? component
+        : component.constructor;
+
+    return constructor[ENTITY_REF_METADATA] || null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 检查Component是否有EntityRef属性
+ *
+ * @param component Component实例或Component类
+ * @returns 如果有EntityRef属性返回true
+ */
+export function hasEntityRef(component: any): boolean {
+    return getEntityRefMetadata(component) !== null;
+}

packages/core/src/ECS/Decorators/index.ts

@@ -10,4 +10,13 @@ export {
     SYSTEM_TYPE_NAME
 } from './TypeDecorators';
 
-export type { SystemMetadata } from './TypeDecorators';
+export type { SystemMetadata } from './TypeDecorators';
+
+export {
+    EntityRef,
+    getEntityRefMetadata,
+    hasEntityRef,
+    ENTITY_REF_METADATA
+} from './EntityRefDecorator';
+
+export type { EntityRefMetadata } from './EntityRefDecorator';

packages/core/src/ECS/Entity.ts

@@ -409,6 +409,10 @@ export class Entity {
 
         this.scene.componentStorageManager.addComponent(this.id, component);
 
+        component.entityId = this.id;
+        if (this.scene.referenceTracker) {
+            this.scene.referenceTracker.registerEntityScene(this.id, this.scene);
+        }
         component.onAddedToEntity();
 
         if (Entity.eventBus) {
@@ -538,10 +542,16 @@ export class Entity {
             this.scene.componentStorageManager.removeComponent(this.id, componentType);
         }
 
+        if (this.scene?.referenceTracker) {
+            this.scene.referenceTracker.clearComponentReferences(component);
+        }
+
         if (component.onRemovedFromEntity) {
             component.onRemovedFromEntity();
         }
 
+        component.entityId = null;
+
         if (Entity.eventBus) {
             Entity.eventBus.emitComponentRemoved({
                 timestamp: Date.now(),
@@ -867,6 +877,11 @@ export class Entity {
 
         this._isDestroyed = true;
 
+        if (this.scene && this.scene.referenceTracker) {
+            this.scene.referenceTracker.clearReferencesTo(this.id);
+            this.scene.referenceTracker.unregisterEntityScene(this.id);
+        }
+
         const childrenToDestroy = [...this._children];
         for (const child of childrenToDestroy) {
             child.destroy();

packages/core/src/ECS/IScene.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { EntitySystem } from './Systems/EntitySystem';
 import { ComponentStorageManager } from './Core/ComponentStorage';
 import { QuerySystem } from './Core/QuerySystem';
 import { TypeSafeEventSystem } from './Core/EventSystem';
+import type { ReferenceTracker } from './Core/ReferenceTracker';
 
 /**
  * 场景接口定义
@@ -61,6 +62,11 @@ export interface IScene {
      */
     readonly eventSystem: TypeSafeEventSystem;
 
+    /**
+     * 引用追踪器
+     */
+    readonly referenceTracker: ReferenceTracker;
+
     /**
      * 获取系统列表
      */

packages/core/src/ECS/Scene.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { ComponentStorageManager, ComponentRegistry } from './Core/ComponentStor
 import { QuerySystem } from './Core/QuerySystem';
 import { TypeSafeEventSystem } from './Core/EventSystem';
 import { EventBus } from './Core/EventBus';
+import { ReferenceTracker } from './Core/ReferenceTracker';
 import { IScene, ISceneConfig } from './IScene';
 import { getComponentInstanceTypeName, getSystemInstanceTypeName, getSystemMetadata } from "./Decorators";
 import { TypedQueryBuilder } from './Core/Query/TypedQuery';
@@ -76,6 +77,13 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
      */
     public readonly eventSystem: TypeSafeEventSystem;
 
+    /**
+     * 引用追踪器
+     *
+     * 追踪Component中对Entity的引用，当Entity销毁时自动清理引用。
+     */
+    public readonly referenceTracker: ReferenceTracker;
+
     /**
      * 服务容器
      *
@@ -171,6 +179,7 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
         this.componentStorageManager = new ComponentStorageManager();
         this.querySystem = new QuerySystem();
         this.eventSystem = new TypeSafeEventSystem();
+        this.referenceTracker = new ReferenceTracker();
         this._services = new ServiceContainer();
         this.logger = createLogger('Scene');
 

packages/core/src/ECS/index.ts

@@ -13,4 +13,6 @@ export * from './Core/Events';
 export * from './Core/Query';
 export * from './Core/Storage';
 export * from './Core/StorageDecorators';
-export * from './Serialization'; 
+export * from './Serialization';
+export { ReferenceTracker, getSceneByEntityId } from './Core/ReferenceTracker';
+export type { EntityRefRecord } from './Core/ReferenceTracker'; 

packages/core/src/Types/index.ts

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ export interface IComponent {
     /** 组件唯一标识符 */
     readonly id: number;
     /** 组件所属的实体ID */
-    entityId?: string | number;
+    entityId: number | null;
 
     /** 组件添加到实体时的回调 */
     onAddedToEntity(): void;

packages/core/tests/ECS/Core/ReferenceTracker.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+import { describe, test, expect, beforeEach } from '@jest/globals';
+import { ReferenceTracker } from '../../../src/ECS/Core/ReferenceTracker';
+import { Component } from '../../../src/ECS/Component';
+import { Entity } from '../../../src/ECS/Entity';
+import { Scene } from '../../../src/ECS/Scene';
+
+class TestComponent extends Component {
+    public target: Entity | null = null;
+}
+
+describe('ReferenceTracker', () => {
+    let tracker: ReferenceTracker;
+    let scene: Scene;
+    let entity1: Entity;
+    let entity2: Entity;
+    let component: TestComponent;
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+        tracker = new ReferenceTracker();
+        scene = new Scene();
+        entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+        entity2 = scene.createEntity('Entity2');
+        component = new TestComponent();
+        entity1.addComponent(component);
+    });
+
+    describe('registerReference', () => {
+        test('应该成功注册Entity引用', () => {
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toHaveLength(1);
+            expect(refs[0].component.deref()).toBe(component);
+            expect(refs[0].propertyKey).toBe('target');
+        });
+
+        test('应该避免重复注册相同引用', () => {
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toHaveLength(1);
+        });
+
+        test('应该支持多个Component引用同一Entity', () => {
+            const component2 = new TestComponent();
+            const entity3 = scene.createEntity('Entity3');
+            entity3.addComponent(component2);
+
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component2, 'target');
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toHaveLength(2);
+        });
+
+        test('应该支持同一Component引用多个属性', () => {
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'parent');
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toHaveLength(2);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('unregisterReference', () => {
+        test('应该成功注销Entity引用', () => {
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+            tracker.unregisterReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toHaveLength(0);
+        });
+
+        test('注销不存在的引用不应报错', () => {
+            expect(() => {
+                tracker.unregisterReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+            }).not.toThrow();
+        });
+
+        test('应该只注销指定的引用', () => {
+            const component2 = new TestComponent();
+            const entity3 = scene.createEntity('Entity3');
+            entity3.addComponent(component2);
+
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component2, 'target');
+
+            tracker.unregisterReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toHaveLength(1);
+            expect(refs[0].component.deref()).toBe(component2);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('clearReferencesTo', () => {
+        test('应该将所有引用设为null', () => {
+            component.target = entity2;
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+
+            tracker.clearReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+
+            expect(component.target).toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        test('应该清理多个Component的引用', () => {
+            const component2 = new TestComponent();
+            const entity3 = scene.createEntity('Entity3');
+            entity3.addComponent(component2);
+
+            component.target = entity2;
+            component2.target = entity2;
+
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component2, 'target');
+
+            tracker.clearReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+
+            expect(component.target).toBeNull();
+            expect(component2.target).toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        test('清理不存在的Entity引用不应报错', () => {
+            expect(() => {
+                tracker.clearReferencesTo(999);
+            }).not.toThrow();
+        });
+
+        test('应该移除引用记录', () => {
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+            tracker.clearReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toHaveLength(0);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('clearComponentReferences', () => {
+        test('应该清理Component的所有引用注册', () => {
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+
+            tracker.clearComponentReferences(component);
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toHaveLength(0);
+        });
+
+        test('应该只清理指定Component的引用', () => {
+            const component2 = new TestComponent();
+            const entity3 = scene.createEntity('Entity3');
+            entity3.addComponent(component2);
+
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component2, 'target');
+
+            tracker.clearComponentReferences(component);
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toHaveLength(1);
+            expect(refs[0].component.deref()).toBe(component2);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('getReferencesTo', () => {
+        test('应该返回空数组当Entity没有引用时', () => {
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toEqual([]);
+        });
+
+        test('应该只返回有效的引用记录', () => {
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toHaveLength(1);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('cleanup', () => {
+        test('应该清理失效的WeakRef引用', () => {
+            let tempComponent: TestComponent | null = new TestComponent();
+            const entity3 = scene.createEntity('Entity3');
+            entity3.addComponent(tempComponent);
+
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, tempComponent, 'target');
+
+            expect(tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id)).toHaveLength(1);
+
+            tempComponent = null;
+
+            if (global.gc) {
+                global.gc();
+            }
+
+            tracker.cleanup();
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs.length).toBeLessThanOrEqual(1);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('getDebugInfo', () => {
+        test('应该返回调试信息', () => {
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+
+            const debugInfo = tracker.getDebugInfo();
+
+            expect(debugInfo).toHaveProperty(`entity_${entity2.id}`);
+            const entityRefs = (debugInfo as any)[`entity_${entity2.id}`];
+            expect(entityRefs).toHaveLength(1);
+            expect(entityRefs[0]).toMatchObject({
+                componentId: component.id,
+                propertyKey: 'target'
+            });
+        });
+
+        test('应该只包含有效的引用', () => {
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+
+            const debugInfo = tracker.getDebugInfo();
+            expect(Object.keys(debugInfo)).toHaveLength(1);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('边界情况', () => {
+        test('应该处理Component被GC回收的情况', () => {
+            tracker.registerReference(entity2, component, 'target');
+
+            tracker.cleanup();
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs.length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+        });
+
+        test('应该支持大量引用', () => {
+            const components: TestComponent[] = [];
+            for (let i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+                const comp = new TestComponent();
+                const ent = scene.createEntity(`Entity${i}`);
+                ent.addComponent(comp);
+                components.push(comp);
+                tracker.registerReference(entity2, comp, 'target');
+            }
+
+            const refs = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refs).toHaveLength(1000);
+
+            tracker.clearReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+
+            const refsAfter = tracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id);
+            expect(refsAfter).toHaveLength(0);
+        });
+    });
+});

packages/core/tests/ECS/EntityRefIntegration.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+import { describe, test, expect, beforeEach } from '@jest/globals';
+import { Scene } from '../../src/ECS/Scene';
+import { Component } from '../../src/ECS/Component';
+import { Entity } from '../../src/ECS/Entity';
+import { EntityRef, ECSComponent } from '../../src/ECS/Decorators';
+
+@ECSComponent('ParentRef')
+class ParentComponent extends Component {
+    @EntityRef() parent: Entity | null = null;
+}
+
+@ECSComponent('TargetRef')
+class TargetComponent extends Component {
+    @EntityRef() target: Entity | null = null;
+    @EntityRef() ally: Entity | null = null;
+}
+
+describe('EntityRef Integration Tests', () => {
+    let scene: Scene;
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+        scene = new Scene({ name: 'TestScene' });
+    });
+
+    describe('基础功能', () => {
+        test('应该支持EntityRef装饰器', () => {
+            const entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+            const entity2 = scene.createEntity('Entity2');
+            const comp = entity1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+            comp.parent = entity2;
+
+            expect(comp.parent).toBe(entity2);
+        });
+
+        test('Entity销毁时应该自动清理所有引用', () => {
+            const parent = scene.createEntity('Parent');
+            const child1 = scene.createEntity('Child1');
+            const child2 = scene.createEntity('Child2');
+
+            const comp1 = child1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+            const comp2 = child2.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+            comp1.parent = parent;
+            comp2.parent = parent;
+
+            expect(comp1.parent).toBe(parent);
+            expect(comp2.parent).toBe(parent);
+
+            parent.destroy();
+
+            expect(comp1.parent).toBeNull();
+            expect(comp2.parent).toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        test('修改引用应该更新ReferenceTracker', () => {
+            const entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+            const entity2 = scene.createEntity('Entity2');
+            const entity3 = scene.createEntity('Entity3');
+            const comp = entity1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+            comp.parent = entity2;
+            expect(scene.referenceTracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id)).toHaveLength(1);
+
+            comp.parent = entity3;
+            expect(scene.referenceTracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id)).toHaveLength(0);
+            expect(scene.referenceTracker.getReferencesTo(entity3.id)).toHaveLength(1);
+        });
+
+        test('设置为null应该注销引用', () => {
+            const entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+            const entity2 = scene.createEntity('Entity2');
+            const comp = entity1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+            comp.parent = entity2;
+            expect(scene.referenceTracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id)).toHaveLength(1);
+
+            comp.parent = null;
+            expect(scene.referenceTracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id)).toHaveLength(0);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('Component生命周期', () => {
+        test('移除Component应该清理其所有引用注册', () => {
+            const entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+            const entity2 = scene.createEntity('Entity2');
+            const comp = entity1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+            comp.parent = entity2;
+            expect(scene.referenceTracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id)).toHaveLength(1);
+
+            entity1.removeComponent(comp);
+            expect(scene.referenceTracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id)).toHaveLength(0);
+        });
+
+        test('移除Component应该清除entityId引用', () => {
+            const entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+            const comp = entity1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+            expect(comp.entityId).toBe(entity1.id);
+
+            entity1.removeComponent(comp);
+            expect(comp.entityId).toBeNull();
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('多属性引用', () => {
+        test('应该支持同一Component的多个EntityRef属性', () => {
+            const entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+            const entity2 = scene.createEntity('Entity2');
+            const entity3 = scene.createEntity('Entity3');
+            const comp = entity1.addComponent(new TargetComponent());
+
+            comp.target = entity2;
+            comp.ally = entity3;
+
+            expect(comp.target).toBe(entity2);
+            expect(comp.ally).toBe(entity3);
+
+            entity2.destroy();
+
+            expect(comp.target).toBeNull();
+            expect(comp.ally).toBe(entity3);
+
+            entity3.destroy();
+
+            expect(comp.ally).toBeNull();
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('边界情况', () => {
+        test('跨Scene引用应该失败', () => {
+            const scene2 = new Scene({ name: 'TestScene2' });
+            const entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+            const entity2 = scene2.createEntity('Entity2');
+            const comp = entity1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+            comp.parent = entity2;
+
+            expect(comp.parent).toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        test('引用已销毁的Entity应该失败', () => {
+            const entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+            const entity2 = scene.createEntity('Entity2');
+            const comp = entity1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+            entity2.destroy();
+            comp.parent = entity2;
+
+            expect(comp.parent).toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        test('重复设置相同值不应重复注册', () => {
+            const entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+            const entity2 = scene.createEntity('Entity2');
+            const comp = entity1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+            comp.parent = entity2;
+            comp.parent = entity2;
+            comp.parent = entity2;
+
+            expect(scene.referenceTracker.getReferencesTo(entity2.id)).toHaveLength(1);
+        });
+
+        test('循环引用应该正常工作', () => {
+            const entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+            const entity2 = scene.createEntity('Entity2');
+            const comp1 = entity1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+            const comp2 = entity2.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+            comp1.parent = entity2;
+            comp2.parent = entity1;
+
+            expect(comp1.parent).toBe(entity2);
+            expect(comp2.parent).toBe(entity1);
+
+            entity1.destroy();
+
+            expect(comp2.parent).toBeNull();
+            expect(entity2.isDestroyed).toBe(false);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('复杂场景', () => {
+        test('父子实体销毁应该正确清理引用', () => {
+            const parent = scene.createEntity('Parent');
+            const child1 = scene.createEntity('Child1');
+            const child2 = scene.createEntity('Child2');
+            const observer = scene.createEntity('Observer');
+
+            parent.addChild(child1);
+            parent.addChild(child2);
+
+            const observerComp = observer.addComponent(new TargetComponent());
+            observerComp.target = parent;
+            observerComp.ally = child1;
+
+            expect(observerComp.target).toBe(parent);
+            expect(observerComp.ally).toBe(child1);
+
+            parent.destroy();
+
+            expect(observerComp.target).toBeNull();
+            expect(observerComp.ally).toBeNull();
+            expect(child1.isDestroyed).toBe(true);
+            expect(child2.isDestroyed).toBe(true);
+        });
+
+        test('大量引用场景', () => {
+            const target = scene.createEntity('Target');
+            const entities: Entity[] = [];
+            const components: ParentComponent[] = [];
+
+            for (let i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+                const entity = scene.createEntity(`Entity${i}`);
+                const comp = entity.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+                comp.parent = target;
+                entities.push(entity);
+                components.push(comp);
+            }
+
+            expect(scene.referenceTracker.getReferencesTo(target.id)).toHaveLength(100);
+
+            target.destroy();
+
+            for (const comp of components) {
+                expect(comp.parent).toBeNull();
+            }
+
+            expect(scene.referenceTracker.getReferencesTo(target.id)).toHaveLength(0);
+        });
+
+        test('批量销毁后引用应全部清理', () => {
+            const entities: Entity[] = [];
+            const components: TargetComponent[] = [];
+
+            for (let i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
+                entities.push(scene.createEntity(`Entity${i}`));
+            }
+
+            for (let i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
+                const comp = entities[i].addComponent(new TargetComponent());
+                if (i > 0) {
+                    comp.target = entities[i - 1];
+                }
+                if (i < 49) {
+                    comp.ally = entities[i + 1];
+                }
+                components.push(comp);
+            }
+
+            scene.destroyAllEntities();
+
+            for (const comp of components) {
+                expect(comp.target).toBeNull();
+                expect(comp.ally).toBeNull();
+            }
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('调试功能', () => {
+        test('getDebugInfo应该返回引用信息', () => {
+            const entity1 = scene.createEntity('Entity1');
+            const entity2 = scene.createEntity('Entity2');
+            const comp = entity1.addComponent(new ParentComponent());
+
+            comp.parent = entity2;
+
+            const debugInfo = scene.referenceTracker.getDebugInfo();
+            expect(debugInfo).toHaveProperty(`entity_${entity2.id}`);
+        });
+    });
+});

packages/core/tsconfig.json

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 {
   "compilerOptions": {
-    "target": "ES2020",
+    "target": "ES2021",
     "module": "ES2020",
     "moduleResolution": "node",
     "allowImportingTsExtensions": false,
-    "lib": ["ES2020", "DOM"],
+    "lib": ["ES2021", "DOM"],
     "outDir": "./bin",
     "rootDir": "./src",
     "strict": true,