diff --git a/.changeset/fix-esm-require-bug.md b/.changeset/fix-esm-require-bug.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cac76df4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/fix-esm-require-bug.md
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+---
+"@esengine/ecs-framework": patch
+---
+
+fix(ecs): 修复 ESM 环境下 require 不存在的问题
+
+- 新增 `RuntimeConfig` 模块，作为运行时环境配置的独立存储
+- `Core.runtimeEnvironment` 和 `Scene.runtimeEnvironment` 现在都从 `RuntimeConfig` 读取
+- 移除 `Scene.ts` 中的 `require()` 调用，解决 Node.js ESM 环境下的兼容性问题
+
+此修复解决了在 Node.js ESM 环境（如游戏服务端）中使用 `scene.isServer` 时报错 `ReferenceError: require is not defined` 的问题。
diff --git a/packages/framework/core/src/Core.ts b/packages/framework/core/src/Core.ts
index 5191f927..12df4bca 100644
--- a/packages/framework/core/src/Core.ts
+++ b/packages/framework/core/src/Core.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import { IPlugin } from './Core/Plugin';
 import { WorldManager } from './ECS/WorldManager';
 import { DebugConfigService } from './Utils/Debug/DebugConfigService';
 import { createInstance } from './Core/DI/Decorators';
+import { RuntimeConfig } from './RuntimeConfig';
 
 /**
  * @zh 游戏引擎核心类
@@ -86,14 +87,20 @@ export class Core {
      * Core.create({ runtimeEnvironment: 'server' });
      * ```
      */
-    public static runtimeEnvironment: RuntimeEnvironment = 'standalone';
+    public static get runtimeEnvironment(): RuntimeEnvironment {
+        return RuntimeConfig.runtimeEnvironment;
+    }
+
+    public static set runtimeEnvironment(value: RuntimeEnvironment) {
+        RuntimeConfig.runtimeEnvironment = value;
+    }
 
     /**
      * @zh 是否在服务端运行
      * @en Whether running on server
      */
     public static get isServer(): boolean {
-        return Core.runtimeEnvironment === 'server';
+        return RuntimeConfig.isServer;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -101,7 +108,7 @@ export class Core {
      * @en Whether running on client
      */
     public static get isClient(): boolean {
-        return Core.runtimeEnvironment === 'client';
+        return RuntimeConfig.isClient;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/packages/framework/core/src/ECS/Scene.ts b/packages/framework/core/src/ECS/Scene.ts
index a63c7e1d..4779a10d 100644
--- a/packages/framework/core/src/ECS/Scene.ts
+++ b/packages/framework/core/src/ECS/Scene.ts
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import { QuerySystem } from './Core/QuerySystem';
 import { TypeSafeEventSystem } from './Core/EventSystem';
 import { ReferenceTracker } from './Core/ReferenceTracker';
 import { IScene, ISceneConfig, RuntimeEnvironment } from './IScene';
+import { RuntimeConfig } from '../RuntimeConfig';
 import { getComponentInstanceTypeName, getSystemInstanceTypeName, getSystemMetadata, getSystemInstanceMetadata } from './Decorators';
 import { TypedQueryBuilder } from './Core/Query/TypedQuery';
 import {
@@ -200,10 +201,7 @@ export class Scene implements IScene {
         if (this._runtimeEnvironmentOverride) {
             return this._runtimeEnvironmentOverride;
         }
-        // 动态导入避免循环依赖
-        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-require-imports
-        const { Core } = require('../Core') as typeof import('../Core');
-        return Core.runtimeEnvironment;
+        return RuntimeConfig.runtimeEnvironment;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/packages/framework/core/src/RuntimeConfig.ts b/packages/framework/core/src/RuntimeConfig.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6d619a58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/framework/core/src/RuntimeConfig.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import type { RuntimeEnvironment } from './Types';
+
+/**
+ * @zh 全局运行时配置
+ * @en Global runtime configuration
+ *
+ * @zh 独立模块，避免 Core 和 Scene 之间的循环依赖
+ * @en Standalone module to avoid circular dependency between Core and Scene
+ */
+class RuntimeConfigClass {
+    private _runtimeEnvironment: RuntimeEnvironment = 'standalone';
+
+    /**
+     * @zh 获取运行时环境
+     * @en Get runtime environment
+     */
+    get runtimeEnvironment(): RuntimeEnvironment {
+        return this._runtimeEnvironment;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @zh 设置运行时环境
+     * @en Set runtime environment
+     */
+    set runtimeEnvironment(value: RuntimeEnvironment) {
+        this._runtimeEnvironment = value;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @zh 是否在服务端运行
+     * @en Whether running on server
+     */
+    get isServer(): boolean {
+        return this._runtimeEnvironment === 'server';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @zh 是否在客户端运行
+     * @en Whether running on client
+     */
+    get isClient(): boolean {
+        return this._runtimeEnvironment === 'client';
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @zh 全局运行时配置单例
+ * @en Global runtime configuration singleton
+ */
+export const RuntimeConfig = new RuntimeConfigClass();
diff --git a/packages/framework/core/src/index.ts b/packages/framework/core/src/index.ts
index d137a364..a8ce0b9c 100644
--- a/packages/framework/core/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/framework/core/src/index.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 // 核心模块
 export { Core } from './Core';
+export { RuntimeConfig } from './RuntimeConfig';
 export { ServiceContainer, ServiceLifetime } from './Core/ServiceContainer';
 export type { IService, ServiceType, ServiceIdentifier } from './Core/ServiceContainer';