feat(asset-system): 完善资源加载和场景资源管理 (#289)

- 添加 AudioLoader 支持音频资源加载 (mp3/wav/ogg/m4a/flac/aac)
- EngineIntegration 添加音频资源加载/卸载支持
- EngineIntegration 添加数据(JSON)资源加载/卸载支持
- SceneResourceManager 实现完整的引用计数机制
- SceneResourceManager 实现场景资源卸载，仅卸载无引用的资源
- 添加资源统计和引用计数查询接口

packages/asset-system/src/index.ts

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ export { TextureLoader } from './loaders/TextureLoader';
 export { JsonLoader } from './loaders/JsonLoader';
 export { TextLoader } from './loaders/TextLoader';
 export { BinaryLoader } from './loaders/BinaryLoader';
+export { AudioLoader } from './loaders/AudioLoader';
 
 // Integration
 export { EngineIntegration } from './integration/EngineIntegration';

packages/asset-system/src/integration/EngineIntegration.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 import { AssetManager } from '../core/AssetManager';
 import { AssetGUID } from '../types/AssetTypes';
-import { ITextureAsset } from '../interfaces/IAssetLoader';
+import { ITextureAsset, IAudioAsset, IJsonAsset } from '../interfaces/IAssetLoader';
 import { globalPathResolver } from '../core/AssetPathResolver';
 
 /**
@@ -38,6 +38,26 @@ export interface IEngineBridge {
     getTextureInfo(id: number): { width: number; height: number } | null;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Audio asset with runtime ID
+ * 带运行时 ID 的音频资产
+ */
+interface AudioAssetEntry {
+    id: number;
+    asset: IAudioAsset;
+    path: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Data asset with runtime ID
+ * 带运行时 ID 的数据资产
+ */
+interface DataAssetEntry {
+    id: number;
+    data: unknown;
+    path: string;
+}
+
 /**
  * Asset system engine integration
  * 资产系统引擎集成
@@ -48,6 +68,18 @@ export class EngineIntegration {
     private _textureIdMap = new Map<AssetGUID, number>();
     private _pathToTextureId = new Map<string, number>();
 
+    // Audio resource mappings | 音频资源映射
+    private _audioIdMap = new Map<AssetGUID, number>();
+    private _pathToAudioId = new Map<string, number>();
+    private _audioAssets = new Map<number, AudioAssetEntry>();
+    private static _nextAudioId = 1;
+
+    // Data resource mappings | 数据资源映射
+    private _dataIdMap = new Map<AssetGUID, number>();
+    private _pathToDataId = new Map<string, number>();
+    private _dataAssets = new Map<number, DataAssetEntry>();
+    private static _nextDataId = 1;
+
     constructor(assetManager: AssetManager, engineBridge?: IEngineBridge) {
         this._assetManager = assetManager;
         this._engineBridge = engineBridge;
@@ -170,14 +202,241 @@ export class EngineIntegration {
      * @returns 路径到运行时 ID 的映射 / Map of paths to runtime IDs
      */
     async loadResourcesBatch(paths: string[], type: 'texture' | 'audio' | 'font' | 'data'): Promise<Map<string, number>> {
-        // 目前只支持纹理 / Currently only supports textures
-        if (type === 'texture') {
-            return this.loadTexturesBatch(paths);
+        switch (type) {
+            case 'texture':
+                return this.loadTexturesBatch(paths);
+            case 'audio':
+                return this.loadAudioBatch(paths);
+            case 'data':
+                return this.loadDataBatch(paths);
+            case 'font':
+                // 字体资源暂未实现 / Font resources not yet implemented
+                console.warn('[EngineIntegration] Font resource loading not yet implemented');
+                return new Map();
+            default:
+                console.warn(`[EngineIntegration] Unknown resource type '${type}'`);
+                return new Map();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ============= Audio Resource Methods =============
+    // ============= 音频资源方法 =============
+
+    /**
+     * Load audio for component
+     * 为组件加载音频
+     *
+     * @param audioPath 音频文件路径 / Audio file path
+     * @returns 运行时音频 ID / Runtime audio ID
+     */
+    async loadAudioForComponent(audioPath: string): Promise<number> {
+        // 检查缓存 / Check cache
+        const existingId = this._pathToAudioId.get(audioPath);
+        if (existingId) {
+            return existingId;
         }
 
-        // 其他资源类型暂未实现 / Other resource types not yet implemented
-        console.warn(`[EngineIntegration] Resource type '${type}' not yet supported`);
-        return new Map();
+        // 通过资产系统加载 / Load through asset system
+        const result = await this._assetManager.loadAssetByPath<IAudioAsset>(audioPath);
+        const audioAsset = result.asset;
+
+        // 分配运行时 ID / Assign runtime ID
+        const audioId = EngineIntegration._nextAudioId++;
+
+        // 缓存映射 / Cache mapping
+        this._pathToAudioId.set(audioPath, audioId);
+        this._audioAssets.set(audioId, {
+            id: audioId,
+            asset: audioAsset,
+            path: audioPath
+        });
+
+        return audioId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Batch load audio files
+     * 批量加载音频文件
+     */
+    async loadAudioBatch(paths: string[]): Promise<Map<string, number>> {
+        const results = new Map<string, number>();
+
+        // 收集需要加载的音频 / Collect audio to load
+        const toLoad: string[] = [];
+        for (const path of paths) {
+            const existingId = this._pathToAudioId.get(path);
+            if (existingId) {
+                results.set(path, existingId);
+            } else {
+                toLoad.push(path);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (toLoad.length === 0) {
+            return results;
+        }
+
+        // 并行加载所有音频 / Load all audio in parallel
+        const loadPromises = toLoad.map(async (path) => {
+            try {
+                const id = await this.loadAudioForComponent(path);
+                results.set(path, id);
+            } catch (error) {
+                console.error(`Failed to load audio: ${path}`, error);
+                results.set(path, 0);
+            }
+        });
+
+        await Promise.all(loadPromises);
+        return results;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get audio asset by ID
+     * 通过 ID 获取音频资产
+     */
+    getAudioAsset(audioId: number): IAudioAsset | null {
+        const entry = this._audioAssets.get(audioId);
+        return entry?.asset || null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get audio ID for path
+     * 获取路径的音频 ID
+     */
+    getAudioId(path: string): number | null {
+        return this._pathToAudioId.get(path) || null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unload audio
+     * 卸载音频
+     */
+    unloadAudio(audioId: number): void {
+        const entry = this._audioAssets.get(audioId);
+        if (entry) {
+            this._pathToAudioId.delete(entry.path);
+            this._audioAssets.delete(audioId);
+
+            // 从 GUID 映射中清理 / Clean up GUID mapping
+            for (const [guid, id] of this._audioIdMap.entries()) {
+                if (id === audioId) {
+                    this._audioIdMap.delete(guid);
+                    this._assetManager.unloadAsset(guid);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ============= Data Resource Methods =============
+    // ============= 数据资源方法 =============
+
+    /**
+     * Load data (JSON) for component
+     * 为组件加载数据（JSON）
+     *
+     * @param dataPath 数据文件路径 / Data file path
+     * @returns 运行时数据 ID / Runtime data ID
+     */
+    async loadDataForComponent(dataPath: string): Promise<number> {
+        // 检查缓存 / Check cache
+        const existingId = this._pathToDataId.get(dataPath);
+        if (existingId) {
+            return existingId;
+        }
+
+        // 通过资产系统加载 / Load through asset system
+        const result = await this._assetManager.loadAssetByPath<IJsonAsset>(dataPath);
+        const jsonAsset = result.asset;
+
+        // 分配运行时 ID / Assign runtime ID
+        const dataId = EngineIntegration._nextDataId++;
+
+        // 缓存映射 / Cache mapping
+        this._pathToDataId.set(dataPath, dataId);
+        this._dataAssets.set(dataId, {
+            id: dataId,
+            data: jsonAsset.data,
+            path: dataPath
+        });
+
+        return dataId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Batch load data files
+     * 批量加载数据文件
+     */
+    async loadDataBatch(paths: string[]): Promise<Map<string, number>> {
+        const results = new Map<string, number>();
+
+        // 收集需要加载的数据 / Collect data to load
+        const toLoad: string[] = [];
+        for (const path of paths) {
+            const existingId = this._pathToDataId.get(path);
+            if (existingId) {
+                results.set(path, existingId);
+            } else {
+                toLoad.push(path);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (toLoad.length === 0) {
+            return results;
+        }
+
+        // 并行加载所有数据 / Load all data in parallel
+        const loadPromises = toLoad.map(async (path) => {
+            try {
+                const id = await this.loadDataForComponent(path);
+                results.set(path, id);
+            } catch (error) {
+                console.error(`Failed to load data: ${path}`, error);
+                results.set(path, 0);
+            }
+        });
+
+        await Promise.all(loadPromises);
+        return results;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get data by ID
+     * 通过 ID 获取数据
+     */
+    getData<T = unknown>(dataId: number): T | null {
+        const entry = this._dataAssets.get(dataId);
+        return (entry?.data as T) || null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get data ID for path
+     * 获取路径的数据 ID
+     */
+    getDataId(path: string): number | null {
+        return this._pathToDataId.get(path) || null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unload data
+     * 卸载数据
+     */
+    unloadData(dataId: number): void {
+        const entry = this._dataAssets.get(dataId);
+        if (entry) {
+            this._pathToDataId.delete(entry.path);
+            this._dataAssets.delete(dataId);
+
+            // 从 GUID 映射中清理 / Clean up GUID mapping
+            for (const [guid, id] of this._dataIdMap.entries()) {
+                if (id === dataId) {
+                    this._dataIdMap.delete(guid);
+                    this._assetManager.unloadAsset(guid);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -233,15 +492,49 @@ export class EngineIntegration {
         this._pathToTextureId.clear();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Clear all audio mappings
+     * 清空所有音频映射
+     */
+    clearAudioMappings(): void {
+        this._audioIdMap.clear();
+        this._pathToAudioId.clear();
+        this._audioAssets.clear();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clear all data mappings
+     * 清空所有数据映射
+     */
+    clearDataMappings(): void {
+        this._dataIdMap.clear();
+        this._pathToDataId.clear();
+        this._dataAssets.clear();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clear all resource mappings
+     * 清空所有资源映射
+     */
+    clearAllMappings(): void {
+        this.clearTextureMappings();
+        this.clearAudioMappings();
+        this.clearDataMappings();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get statistics
      * 获取统计信息
      */
     getStatistics(): {
         loadedTextures: number;
+        loadedAudio: number;
+        loadedData: number;
         } {
         return {
-            loadedTextures: this._pathToTextureId.size
+            loadedTextures: this._pathToTextureId.size,
+            loadedAudio: this._audioAssets.size,
+            loadedData: this._dataAssets.size
         };
     }
 }

packages/asset-system/src/loaders/AssetLoaderFactory.ts

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { TextureLoader } from './TextureLoader';
 import { JsonLoader } from './JsonLoader';
 import { TextLoader } from './TextLoader';
 import { BinaryLoader } from './BinaryLoader';
+import { AudioLoader } from './AudioLoader';
 
 /**
  * Asset loader factory
@@ -38,6 +39,9 @@ export class AssetLoaderFactory implements IAssetLoaderFactory {
 
         // 二进制加载器 / Binary loader
         this._loaders.set(AssetType.Binary, new BinaryLoader());
+
+        // 音频加载器 / Audio loader
+        this._loaders.set(AssetType.Audio, new AudioLoader());
     }
 
     /**

packages/asset-system/src/loaders/AudioLoader.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/**
+ * Audio asset loader
+ * 音频资产加载器
+ */
+
+import { AssetType } from '../types/AssetTypes';
+import { IAssetLoader, IAudioAsset, IAssetParseContext } from '../interfaces/IAssetLoader';
+import { IAssetContent, AssetContentType } from '../interfaces/IAssetReader';
+
+/**
+ * Audio loader implementation
+ * 音频加载器实现
+ *
+ * Uses Web Audio API to decode audio data into AudioBuffer.
+ * 使用 Web Audio API 将音频数据解码为 AudioBuffer。
+ */
+export class AudioLoader implements IAssetLoader<IAudioAsset> {
+    readonly supportedType = AssetType.Audio;
+    readonly supportedExtensions = ['.mp3', '.wav', '.ogg', '.m4a', '.flac', '.aac'];
+    readonly contentType: AssetContentType = 'audio';
+
+    private static _audioContext: AudioContext | null = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Get or create shared AudioContext
+     * 获取或创建共享的 AudioContext
+     */
+    private static getAudioContext(): AudioContext {
+        if (!AudioLoader._audioContext) {
+            AudioLoader._audioContext = new (window.AudioContext || (window as any).webkitAudioContext)();
+        }
+        return AudioLoader._audioContext;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parse audio from content.
+     * 从内容解析音频。
+     */
+    async parse(content: IAssetContent, _context: IAssetParseContext): Promise<IAudioAsset> {
+        if (!content.audioBuffer) {
+            throw new Error('Audio content is empty');
+        }
+
+        const audioBuffer = content.audioBuffer;
+
+        const audioAsset: IAudioAsset = {
+            buffer: audioBuffer,
+            duration: audioBuffer.duration,
+            sampleRate: audioBuffer.sampleRate,
+            channels: audioBuffer.numberOfChannels
+        };
+
+        return audioAsset;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dispose loaded asset
+     * 释放已加载的资产
+     */
+    dispose(_asset: IAudioAsset): void {
+        // AudioBuffer doesn't need explicit cleanup in most browsers
+        // AudioBuffer 在大多数浏览器中不需要显式清理
+        // The garbage collector will handle it when no references remain
+        // 当没有引用时，垃圾回收器会处理它
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Close the shared AudioContext
+     * 关闭共享的 AudioContext
+     *
+     * Call this when completely shutting down audio system.
+     * 在完全关闭音频系统时调用。
+     */
+    static closeAudioContext(): void {
+        if (AudioLoader._audioContext) {
+            AudioLoader._audioContext.close();
+            AudioLoader._audioContext = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Resume AudioContext after user interaction
+     * 用户交互后恢复 AudioContext
+     *
+     * Browsers require user interaction before audio can play.
+     * 浏览器要求用户交互后才能播放音频。
+     */
+    static async resumeAudioContext(): Promise<void> {
+        const ctx = AudioLoader.getAudioContext();
+        if (ctx.state === 'suspended') {
+            await ctx.resume();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the shared AudioContext instance
+     * 获取共享的 AudioContext 实例
+     */
+    static get audioContext(): AudioContext {
+        return AudioLoader.getAudioContext();
+    }
+}

packages/asset-system/src/services/SceneResourceManager.ts

@@ -22,11 +22,58 @@ export interface IResourceLoader {
      * @returns 路径到运行时 ID 的映射 / Map of paths to runtime IDs
      */
     loadResourcesBatch(paths: string[], type: ResourceReference['type']): Promise<Map<string, number>>;
+
+    /**
+     * 卸载纹理资源（可选）
+     * Unload texture resource (optional)
+     */
+    unloadTexture?(textureId: number): void;
+
+    /**
+     * 卸载音频资源（可选）
+     * Unload audio resource (optional)
+     */
+    unloadAudio?(audioId: number): void;
+
+    /**
+     * 卸载数据资源（可选）
+     * Unload data resource (optional)
+     */
+    unloadData?(dataId: number): void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 资源引用计数条目
+ * Resource reference count entry
+ */
+interface ResourceRefCountEntry {
+    /** 资源路径 / Resource path */
+    path: string;
+    /** 资源类型 / Resource type */
+    type: ResourceReference['type'];
+    /** 运行时 ID / Runtime ID */
+    runtimeId: number;
+    /** 使用此资源的场景名称集合 / Set of scene names using this resource */
+    sceneNames: Set<string>;
 }
 
 export class SceneResourceManager {
     private resourceLoader: IResourceLoader | null = null;
 
+    /**
+     * 资源引用计数表
+     * Resource reference count table
+     *
+     * Key: resource path, Value: reference count entry
+     */
+    private _resourceRefCounts = new Map<string, ResourceRefCountEntry>();
+
+    /**
+     * 场景到其使用的资源路径的映射
+     * Map of scene name to resource paths used by that scene
+     */
+    private _sceneResources = new Map<string, Set<string>>();
+
     /**
      * 设置资源加载器实现
      * Set the resource loader implementation
@@ -53,6 +100,8 @@ export class SceneResourceManager {
      *    Batch load each resource type
      * 4. 将运行时 ID 分配回组件
      *    Assign runtime IDs back to components
+     * 5. 更新引用计数
+     *    Update reference counts
      *
      * @param scene 要加载资源的场景 / The scene to load resources for
      * @returns 当所有资源加载完成时解析的 Promise / Promise that resolves when all resources are loaded
@@ -63,6 +112,8 @@ export class SceneResourceManager {
             return;
         }
 
+        const sceneName = scene.name;
+
         // 从组件收集所有资源引用 / Collect all resource references from components
         const resourceRefs = this.collectResourceReferences(scene);
 
@@ -91,6 +142,9 @@ export class SceneResourceManager {
                 // 合并到总映射表 / Merge into combined map
                 for (const [path, id] of resourceIds) {
                     allResourceIds.set(path, id);
+
+                    // 更新引用计数 / Update reference count
+                    this.addResourceReference(path, type, id, sceneName);
                 }
             } catch (error) {
                 console.error(`[SceneResourceManager] Failed to load ${type} resources:`, error);
@@ -99,6 +153,58 @@ export class SceneResourceManager {
 
         // 将资源 ID 分配回组件 / Assign resource IDs back to components
         this.assignResourceIds(scene, allResourceIds);
+
+        // 记录场景使用的资源 / Record resources used by scene
+        const scenePaths = new Set<string>();
+        for (const ref of resourceRefs) {
+            scenePaths.add(ref.path);
+        }
+        this._sceneResources.set(sceneName, scenePaths);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 添加资源引用
+     * Add resource reference
+     */
+    private addResourceReference(
+        path: string,
+        type: ResourceReference['type'],
+        runtimeId: number,
+        sceneName: string
+    ): void {
+        let entry = this._resourceRefCounts.get(path);
+        if (!entry) {
+            entry = {
+                path,
+                type,
+                runtimeId,
+                sceneNames: new Set()
+            };
+            this._resourceRefCounts.set(path, entry);
+        }
+        entry.sceneNames.add(sceneName);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 移除资源引用
+     * Remove resource reference
+     *
+     * @returns true 如果资源引用计数归零 / true if resource reference count reaches zero
+     */
+    private removeResourceReference(path: string, sceneName: string): boolean {
+        const entry = this._resourceRefCounts.get(path);
+        if (!entry) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        entry.sceneNames.delete(sceneName);
+
+        if (entry.sceneNames.size === 0) {
+            this._resourceRefCounts.delete(path);
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -141,15 +247,112 @@ export class SceneResourceManager {
      * 卸载场景使用的所有资源
      * Unload all resources used by a scene
      *
-     * 在场景销毁时调用
-     * Called when a scene is being destroyed
+     * 在场景销毁时调用，只会卸载不再被其他场景引用的资源
+     * Called when a scene is being destroyed, only unloads resources not referenced by other scenes
      *
      * @param scene 要卸载资源的场景 / The scene to unload resources for
      */
-    async unloadSceneResources(_scene: Scene): Promise<void> {
-        // TODO: 实现资源卸载 / Implement resource unloading
-        // 需要跟踪资源引用计数，仅在不再使用时卸载
-        // Need to track resource reference counts and only unload when no longer used
-        console.log('[SceneResourceManager] Scene resource unloading not yet implemented');
+    async unloadSceneResources(scene: Scene): Promise<void> {
+        const sceneName = scene.name;
+
+        // 获取场景使用的资源路径 / Get resource paths used by scene
+        const scenePaths = this._sceneResources.get(sceneName);
+        if (!scenePaths) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // 要卸载的资源 / Resources to unload
+        const toUnload: ResourceRefCountEntry[] = [];
+
+        // 移除引用并收集需要卸载的资源 / Remove references and collect resources to unload
+        for (const path of scenePaths) {
+            const entry = this._resourceRefCounts.get(path);
+            if (entry) {
+                const shouldUnload = this.removeResourceReference(path, sceneName);
+                if (shouldUnload) {
+                    toUnload.push(entry);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 清理场景资源记录 / Clean up scene resource record
+        this._sceneResources.delete(sceneName);
+
+        // 卸载不再使用的资源 / Unload resources no longer in use
+        if (this.resourceLoader && toUnload.length > 0) {
+            for (const entry of toUnload) {
+                this.unloadResource(entry);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 卸载单个资源
+     * Unload a single resource
+     */
+    private unloadResource(entry: ResourceRefCountEntry): void {
+        if (!this.resourceLoader) return;
+
+        switch (entry.type) {
+            case 'texture':
+                if (this.resourceLoader.unloadTexture) {
+                    this.resourceLoader.unloadTexture(entry.runtimeId);
+                }
+                break;
+            case 'audio':
+                if (this.resourceLoader.unloadAudio) {
+                    this.resourceLoader.unloadAudio(entry.runtimeId);
+                }
+                break;
+            case 'data':
+                if (this.resourceLoader.unloadData) {
+                    this.resourceLoader.unloadData(entry.runtimeId);
+                }
+                break;
+            case 'font':
+                // 字体卸载暂未实现 / Font unloading not yet implemented
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取资源统计信息
+     * Get resource statistics
+     */
+    getStatistics(): {
+        totalResources: number;
+        trackedScenes: number;
+        resourcesByType: Map<ResourceReference['type'], number>;
+    } {
+        const resourcesByType = new Map<ResourceReference['type'], number>();
+
+        for (const entry of this._resourceRefCounts.values()) {
+            const count = resourcesByType.get(entry.type) || 0;
+            resourcesByType.set(entry.type, count + 1);
+        }
+
+        return {
+            totalResources: this._resourceRefCounts.size,
+            trackedScenes: this._sceneResources.size,
+            resourcesByType
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取资源的引用计数
+     * Get reference count for a resource
+     */
+    getResourceRefCount(path: string): number {
+        const entry = this._resourceRefCounts.get(path);
+        return entry ? entry.sceneNames.size : 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 清空所有跟踪数据
+     * Clear all tracking data
+     */
+    clearAll(): void {
+        this._resourceRefCounts.clear();
+        this._sceneResources.clear();
     }
 }